A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 825 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £694, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 660 kWh | 990 kWh | £179 | £99 | £278 | £4,069 | 14.7 yrs | £1,482 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 990 kWh | 1485 kWh | £268 | £148 | £416 | £6,104 | 14.7 yrs | £2,223 |
| 4 kW | 3299 kWh | 1320 kWh | 1980 kWh | £357 | £198 | £555 | £8,138 | 14.7 yrs | £2,964 |
| 5 kW | 4124 kWh | 1650 kWh | 2475 kWh | £446 | £247 | £694 | £10,173 | 14.7 yrs | £3,705 |
| 6 kW | 4949 kWh | 1980 kWh | 2969 kWh | £536 | £297 | £833 | £12,207 | 14.7 yrs | £4,446 |
| 7 kW | 5774 kWh | 2310 kWh | 3464 kWh | £625 | £346 | £971 | £14,242 | 14.7 yrs | £5,187 |
| 8 kW | 6599 kWh | 2640 kWh | 3959 kWh | £714 | £396 | £1,110 | £16,276 | 14.7 yrs | £5,928 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £835, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 990 kWh | 660 kWh | £268 | £66 | £334 | £6,169 | 18.5 yrs | £508 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1485 kWh | 990 kWh | £402 | £99 | £501 | £8,204 | 16.4 yrs | £1,812 |
| 4 kW | 3299 kWh | 1980 kWh | 1320 kWh | £536 | £132 | £668 | £10,238 | 15.3 yrs | £3,115 |
| 5 kW | 4124 kWh | 2475 kWh | 1650 kWh | £670 | £165 | £835 | £12,273 | 14.7 yrs | £4,419 |
| 6 kW | 4949 kWh | 2969 kWh | 1980 kWh | £804 | £198 | £1,002 | £14,307 | 14.3 yrs | £5,723 |
| 7 kW | 5774 kWh | 3464 kWh | 2310 kWh | £937 | £231 | £1,168 | £16,342 | 14.0 yrs | £7,027 |
| 8 kW | 6599 kWh | 3959 kWh | 2640 kWh | £1,071 | £264 | £1,335 | £18,376 | 13.8 yrs | £8,331 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £905, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 1155 kWh | 495 kWh | £312 | £49 | £362 | £7,569 | 20.9 yrs | £-329 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1732 kWh | 742 kWh | £469 | £74 | £543 | £9,604 | 17.7 yrs | £1,256 |
| 4 kW | 3299 kWh | 2310 kWh | 990 kWh | £625 | £99 | £724 | £11,638 | 16.1 yrs | £2,841 |
| 5 kW | 4124 kWh | 2887 kWh | 1237 kWh | £781 | £124 | £905 | £13,673 | 15.1 yrs | £4,427 |
| 6 kW | 4949 kWh | 3464 kWh | 1485 kWh | £937 | £148 | £1,086 | £15,707 | 14.5 yrs | £6,012 |
| 7 kW | 5774 kWh | 4042 kWh | 1732 kWh | £1,094 | £173 | £1,267 | £17,742 | 14.0 yrs | £7,597 |
| 8 kW | 6599 kWh | 4619 kWh | 1980 kWh | £1,250 | £198 | £1,448 | £19,776 | 13.7 yrs | £9,182 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £926, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 1204 kWh | 445 kWh | £326 | £45 | £370 | £9,319 | 25.2 yrs | £-1,911 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1806 kWh | 668 kWh | £489 | £67 | £556 | £11,354 | 20.4 yrs | £-241 |
| 4 kW | 3299 kWh | 2409 kWh | 891 kWh | £652 | £89 | £741 | £13,388 | 18.1 yrs | £1,429 |
| 5 kW | 4124 kWh | 3011 kWh | 1114 kWh | £815 | £111 | £926 | £15,423 | 16.7 yrs | £3,099 |
| 6 kW | 4949 kWh | 3613 kWh | 1336 kWh | £978 | £134 | £1,111 | £17,457 | 15.7 yrs | £4,768 |
| 7 kW | 5774 kWh | 4215 kWh | 1559 kWh | £1,141 | £156 | £1,296 | £19,492 | 15.0 yrs | £6,438 |
| 8 kW | 6599 kWh | 4817 kWh | 1782 kWh | £1,304 | £178 | £1,482 | £21,526 | 14.5 yrs | £8,108 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 1237 kWh | 412 kWh | £335 | £41 | £376 | £11,069 | 29.4 yrs | £-3,548 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1856 kWh | 619 kWh | £502 | £62 | £564 | £13,104 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,822 |
| 4 kW | 3299 kWh | 2475 kWh | 825 kWh | £670 | £82 | £752 | £15,138 | 20.1 yrs | £-96 |
| 5 kW | 4124 kWh | 3093 kWh | 1031 kWh | £837 | £103 | £940 | £17,173 | 18.3 yrs | £1,630 |
| 6 kW | 4949 kWh | 3712 kWh | 1237 kWh | £1,004 | £124 | £1,128 | £19,207 | 17.0 yrs | £3,356 |
| 7 kW | 5774 kWh | 4331 kWh | 1444 kWh | £1,172 | £144 | £1,316 | £21,242 | 16.1 yrs | £5,082 |
| 8 kW | 6599 kWh | 4949 kWh | 1650 kWh | £1,339 | £165 | £1,504 | £23,276 | 15.5 yrs | £6,808 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 1270 kWh | 379 kWh | £344 | £38 | £382 | £13,519 | 35.4 yrs | £-5,885 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1905 kWh | 569 kWh | £516 | £57 | £573 | £15,554 | 27.2 yrs | £-4,103 |
| 4 kW | 3299 kWh | 2541 kWh | 759 kWh | £687 | £76 | £763 | £17,588 | 23.0 yrs | £-2,321 |
| 5 kW | 4124 kWh | 3176 kWh | 949 kWh | £859 | £95 | £954 | £19,623 | 20.6 yrs | £-538 |
| 6 kW | 4949 kWh | 3811 kWh | 1138 kWh | £1,031 | £114 | £1,145 | £21,657 | 18.9 yrs | £1,244 |
| 7 kW | 5774 kWh | 4446 kWh | 1328 kWh | £1,203 | £133 | £1,336 | £23,692 | 17.7 yrs | £3,026 |
| 8 kW | 6599 kWh | 5081 kWh | 1518 kWh | £1,375 | £152 | £1,527 | £25,726 | 16.9 yrs | £4,809 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.