A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 888 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £747, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1776 kWh | 710 kWh | 1066 kWh | £192 | £107 | £299 | £4,069 | 13.6 yrs | £1,907 |
| 3 kW | 2664 kWh | 1066 kWh | 1598 kWh | £288 | £160 | £448 | £6,104 | 13.6 yrs | £2,860 |
| 4 kW | 3552 kWh | 1421 kWh | 2131 kWh | £384 | £213 | £598 | £8,138 | 13.6 yrs | £3,813 |
| 5 kW | 4440 kWh | 1776 kWh | 2664 kWh | £481 | £266 | £747 | £10,173 | 13.6 yrs | £4,766 |
| 6 kW | 5328 kWh | 2131 kWh | 3197 kWh | £577 | £320 | £896 | £12,207 | 13.6 yrs | £5,720 |
| 7 kW | 6216 kWh | 2486 kWh | 3729 kWh | £673 | £373 | £1,046 | £14,242 | 13.6 yrs | £6,673 |
| 8 kW | 7104 kWh | 2841 kWh | 4262 kWh | £769 | £426 | £1,195 | £16,276 | 13.6 yrs | £7,626 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £898, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1776 kWh | 1066 kWh | 710 kWh | £288 | £71 | £359 | £6,169 | 17.2 yrs | £1,018 |
| 3 kW | 2664 kWh | 1598 kWh | 1066 kWh | £433 | £107 | £539 | £8,204 | 15.2 yrs | £2,578 |
| 4 kW | 3552 kWh | 2131 kWh | 1421 kWh | £577 | £142 | £719 | £10,238 | 14.2 yrs | £4,137 |
| 5 kW | 4440 kWh | 2664 kWh | 1776 kWh | £721 | £178 | £898 | £12,273 | 13.7 yrs | £5,696 |
| 6 kW | 5328 kWh | 3197 kWh | 2131 kWh | £865 | £213 | £1,078 | £14,307 | 13.3 yrs | £7,255 |
| 7 kW | 6216 kWh | 3729 kWh | 2486 kWh | £1,009 | £249 | £1,258 | £16,342 | 13.0 yrs | £8,814 |
| 8 kW | 7104 kWh | 4262 kWh | 2841 kWh | £1,153 | £284 | £1,437 | £18,376 | 12.8 yrs | £10,374 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £974, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1776 kWh | 1243 kWh | 533 kWh | £336 | £53 | £390 | £7,569 | 19.4 yrs | £224 |
| 3 kW | 2664 kWh | 1865 kWh | 799 kWh | £505 | £80 | £585 | £9,604 | 16.4 yrs | £2,087 |
| 4 kW | 3552 kWh | 2486 kWh | 1066 kWh | £673 | £107 | £779 | £11,638 | 14.9 yrs | £3,949 |
| 5 kW | 4440 kWh | 3108 kWh | 1332 kWh | £841 | £133 | £974 | £13,673 | 14.0 yrs | £5,811 |
| 6 kW | 5328 kWh | 3729 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,009 | £160 | £1,169 | £15,707 | 13.4 yrs | £7,673 |
| 7 kW | 6216 kWh | 4351 kWh | 1865 kWh | £1,177 | £186 | £1,364 | £17,742 | 13.0 yrs | £9,535 |
| 8 kW | 7104 kWh | 4973 kWh | 2131 kWh | £1,346 | £213 | £1,559 | £19,776 | 12.7 yrs | £11,397 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £997, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1776 kWh | 1296 kWh | 479 kWh | £351 | £48 | £399 | £9,319 | 23.4 yrs | £-1,344 |
| 3 kW | 2664 kWh | 1945 kWh | 719 kWh | £526 | £72 | £598 | £11,354 | 19.0 yrs | £609 |
| 4 kW | 3552 kWh | 2593 kWh | 959 kWh | £702 | £96 | £798 | £13,388 | 16.8 yrs | £2,562 |
| 5 kW | 4440 kWh | 3241 kWh | 1199 kWh | £877 | £120 | £997 | £15,423 | 15.5 yrs | £4,515 |
| 6 kW | 5328 kWh | 3889 kWh | 1438 kWh | £1,052 | £144 | £1,196 | £17,457 | 14.6 yrs | £6,468 |
| 7 kW | 6216 kWh | 4537 kWh | 1678 kWh | £1,228 | £168 | £1,396 | £19,492 | 14.0 yrs | £8,421 |
| 8 kW | 7104 kWh | 5186 kWh | 1918 kWh | £1,403 | £192 | £1,595 | £21,526 | 13.5 yrs | £10,374 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,012, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1776 kWh | 1332 kWh | 444 kWh | £360 | £44 | £405 | £11,069 | 27.3 yrs | £-2,973 |
| 3 kW | 2664 kWh | 1998 kWh | 666 kWh | £541 | £67 | £607 | £13,104 | 21.6 yrs | £-959 |
| 4 kW | 3552 kWh | 2664 kWh | 888 kWh | £721 | £89 | £810 | £15,138 | 18.7 yrs | £1,055 |
| 5 kW | 4440 kWh | 3330 kWh | 1110 kWh | £901 | £111 | £1,012 | £17,173 | 17.0 yrs | £3,068 |
| 6 kW | 5328 kWh | 3996 kWh | 1332 kWh | £1,081 | £133 | £1,214 | £19,207 | 15.8 yrs | £5,082 |
| 7 kW | 6216 kWh | 4662 kWh | 1554 kWh | £1,261 | £155 | £1,417 | £21,242 | 15.0 yrs | £7,096 |
| 8 kW | 7104 kWh | 5328 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,442 | £178 | £1,619 | £23,276 | 14.4 yrs | £9,109 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,027, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1776 kWh | 1367 kWh | 408 kWh | £370 | £41 | £411 | £13,519 | 32.9 yrs | £-5,302 |
| 3 kW | 2664 kWh | 2051 kWh | 613 kWh | £555 | £61 | £616 | £15,554 | 25.2 yrs | £-3,227 |
| 4 kW | 3552 kWh | 2735 kWh | 817 kWh | £740 | £82 | £822 | £17,588 | 21.4 yrs | £-1,153 |
| 5 kW | 4440 kWh | 3419 kWh | 1021 kWh | £925 | £102 | £1,027 | £19,623 | 19.1 yrs | £921 |
| 6 kW | 5328 kWh | 4102 kWh | 1225 kWh | £1,110 | £123 | £1,233 | £21,657 | 17.6 yrs | £2,995 |
| 7 kW | 6216 kWh | 4786 kWh | 1430 kWh | £1,295 | £143 | £1,438 | £23,692 | 16.5 yrs | £5,070 |
| 8 kW | 7104 kWh | 5470 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,480 | £163 | £1,644 | £25,726 | 15.7 yrs | £7,144 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.