A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 999 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £830, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1998 kWh | 799 kWh | 1199 kWh | £212 | £120 | £332 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,571 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 1199 kWh | 1799 kWh | £318 | £180 | £498 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,856 |
| 4 kW | 3997 kWh | 1599 kWh | 2398 kWh | £424 | £240 | £664 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,141 |
| 5 kW | 4996 kWh | 1998 kWh | 2998 kWh | £530 | £300 | £830 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,426 |
| 6 kW | 5995 kWh | 2398 kWh | 3597 kWh | £636 | £360 | £996 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,712 |
| 7 kW | 6994 kWh | 2798 kWh | 4197 kWh | £742 | £420 | £1,162 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,997 |
| 8 kW | 7994 kWh | 3197 kWh | 4796 kWh | £848 | £480 | £1,328 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,282 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £995, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1998 kWh | 1199 kWh | 799 kWh | £318 | £80 | £398 | £6,169 | 15.5 yrs | £1,792 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 1799 kWh | 1199 kWh | £477 | £120 | £597 | £8,204 | 13.7 yrs | £3,738 |
| 4 kW | 3997 kWh | 2398 kWh | 1599 kWh | £636 | £160 | £796 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,684 |
| 5 kW | 4996 kWh | 2998 kWh | 1998 kWh | £795 | £200 | £995 | £12,273 | 12.3 yrs | £7,630 |
| 6 kW | 5995 kWh | 3597 kWh | 2398 kWh | £954 | £240 | £1,194 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,576 |
| 7 kW | 6994 kWh | 4197 kWh | 2798 kWh | £1,113 | £280 | £1,393 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,522 |
| 8 kW | 7994 kWh | 4796 kWh | 3197 kWh | £1,272 | £320 | £1,592 | £18,376 | 11.5 yrs | £13,468 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,078, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1998 kWh | 1399 kWh | 600 kWh | £371 | £60 | £431 | £7,569 | 17.6 yrs | £1,053 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 2098 kWh | 899 kWh | £557 | £90 | £647 | £9,604 | 14.9 yrs | £3,329 |
| 4 kW | 3997 kWh | 2798 kWh | 1199 kWh | £742 | £120 | £862 | £11,638 | 13.5 yrs | £5,605 |
| 5 kW | 4996 kWh | 3497 kWh | 1499 kWh | £928 | £150 | £1,078 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,881 |
| 6 kW | 5995 kWh | 4197 kWh | 1799 kWh | £1,113 | £180 | £1,293 | £15,707 | 12.1 yrs | £10,158 |
| 7 kW | 6994 kWh | 4896 kWh | 2098 kWh | £1,299 | £210 | £1,509 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,434 |
| 8 kW | 7994 kWh | 5596 kWh | 2398 kWh | £1,485 | £240 | £1,724 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,710 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,102, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1998 kWh | 1459 kWh | 540 kWh | £387 | £54 | £441 | £9,319 | 21.1 yrs | £-499 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 2188 kWh | 809 kWh | £581 | £81 | £661 | £11,354 | 17.2 yrs | £1,876 |
| 4 kW | 3997 kWh | 2918 kWh | 1079 kWh | £774 | £108 | £882 | £13,388 | 15.2 yrs | £4,252 |
| 5 kW | 4996 kWh | 3647 kWh | 1349 kWh | £968 | £135 | £1,102 | £15,423 | 14.0 yrs | £6,627 |
| 6 kW | 5995 kWh | 4377 kWh | 1619 kWh | £1,161 | £162 | £1,323 | £17,457 | 13.2 yrs | £9,002 |
| 7 kW | 6994 kWh | 5106 kWh | 1889 kWh | £1,355 | £189 | £1,543 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,378 |
| 8 kW | 7994 kWh | 5835 kWh | 2158 kWh | £1,548 | £216 | £1,764 | £21,526 | 12.2 yrs | £13,753 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,119, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1998 kWh | 1499 kWh | 500 kWh | £398 | £50 | £448 | £11,069 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,117 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 2248 kWh | 749 kWh | £596 | £75 | £671 | £13,104 | 19.5 yrs | £324 |
| 4 kW | 3997 kWh | 2998 kWh | 999 kWh | £795 | £100 | £895 | £15,138 | 16.9 yrs | £2,766 |
| 5 kW | 4996 kWh | 3747 kWh | 1249 kWh | £994 | £125 | £1,119 | £17,173 | 15.3 yrs | £5,207 |
| 6 kW | 5995 kWh | 4496 kWh | 1499 kWh | £1,193 | £150 | £1,343 | £19,207 | 14.3 yrs | £7,649 |
| 7 kW | 6994 kWh | 5246 kWh | 1749 kWh | £1,392 | £175 | £1,567 | £21,242 | 13.6 yrs | £10,090 |
| 8 kW | 7994 kWh | 5995 kWh | 1998 kWh | £1,591 | £200 | £1,790 | £23,276 | 13.0 yrs | £12,532 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,136, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1998 kWh | 1539 kWh | 460 kWh | £408 | £46 | £454 | £13,519 | 29.8 yrs | £-4,435 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 2308 kWh | 689 kWh | £612 | £69 | £681 | £15,554 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,927 |
| 4 kW | 3997 kWh | 3078 kWh | 919 kWh | £816 | £92 | £908 | £17,588 | 19.4 yrs | £580 |
| 5 kW | 4996 kWh | 3847 kWh | 1149 kWh | £1,021 | £115 | £1,136 | £19,623 | 17.3 yrs | £3,088 |
| 6 kW | 5995 kWh | 4616 kWh | 1379 kWh | £1,225 | £138 | £1,363 | £21,657 | 15.9 yrs | £5,595 |
| 7 kW | 6994 kWh | 5386 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,429 | £161 | £1,590 | £23,692 | 14.9 yrs | £8,103 |
| 8 kW | 7994 kWh | 6155 kWh | 1839 kWh | £1,633 | £184 | £1,817 | £25,726 | 14.2 yrs | £10,610 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.