A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1006 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £835, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 805 kWh | 1207 kWh | £213 | £121 | £334 | £4,069 | 12.2 yrs | £2,615 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 1207 kWh | 1811 kWh | £320 | £181 | £501 | £6,104 | 12.2 yrs | £3,922 |
| 4 kW | 4023 kWh | 1609 kWh | 2414 kWh | £427 | £241 | £668 | £8,138 | 12.2 yrs | £5,230 |
| 5 kW | 5029 kWh | 2012 kWh | 3018 kWh | £534 | £302 | £835 | £10,173 | 12.2 yrs | £6,537 |
| 6 kW | 6035 kWh | 2414 kWh | 3621 kWh | £640 | £362 | £1,003 | £12,207 | 12.2 yrs | £7,844 |
| 7 kW | 7041 kWh | 2816 kWh | 4225 kWh | £747 | £422 | £1,170 | £14,242 | 12.2 yrs | £9,152 |
| 8 kW | 8047 kWh | 3219 kWh | 4828 kWh | £854 | £483 | £1,337 | £16,276 | 12.2 yrs | £10,459 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1207 kWh | 805 kWh | £320 | £80 | £401 | £6,169 | 15.4 yrs | £1,845 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 1811 kWh | 1207 kWh | £480 | £121 | £601 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,817 |
| 4 kW | 4023 kWh | 2414 kWh | 1609 kWh | £640 | £161 | £801 | £10,238 | 12.8 yrs | £5,790 |
| 5 kW | 5029 kWh | 3018 kWh | 2012 kWh | £801 | £201 | £1,002 | £12,273 | 12.3 yrs | £7,762 |
| 6 kW | 6035 kWh | 3621 kWh | 2414 kWh | £961 | £241 | £1,202 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,735 |
| 7 kW | 7041 kWh | 4225 kWh | 2816 kWh | £1,121 | £282 | £1,402 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,707 |
| 8 kW | 8047 kWh | 4828 kWh | 3219 kWh | £1,281 | £322 | £1,603 | £18,376 | 11.5 yrs | £13,680 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,085, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1408 kWh | 604 kWh | £374 | £60 | £434 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,110 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 2112 kWh | 905 kWh | £560 | £91 | £651 | £9,604 | 14.8 yrs | £3,415 |
| 4 kW | 4023 kWh | 2816 kWh | 1207 kWh | £747 | £121 | £868 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,720 |
| 5 kW | 5029 kWh | 3521 kWh | 1509 kWh | £934 | £151 | £1,085 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £8,025 |
| 6 kW | 6035 kWh | 4225 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,121 | £181 | £1,302 | £15,707 | 12.1 yrs | £10,330 |
| 7 kW | 7041 kWh | 4929 kWh | 2112 kWh | £1,308 | £211 | £1,519 | £17,742 | 11.7 yrs | £12,635 |
| 8 kW | 8047 kWh | 5633 kWh | 2414 kWh | £1,494 | £241 | £1,736 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £14,940 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1469 kWh | 543 kWh | £390 | £54 | £444 | £9,319 | 21.0 yrs | £-440 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 2203 kWh | 815 kWh | £584 | £81 | £666 | £11,354 | 17.1 yrs | £1,964 |
| 4 kW | 4023 kWh | 2937 kWh | 1086 kWh | £779 | £109 | £888 | £13,388 | 15.1 yrs | £4,369 |
| 5 kW | 5029 kWh | 3671 kWh | 1358 kWh | £974 | £136 | £1,110 | £15,423 | 13.9 yrs | £6,774 |
| 6 kW | 6035 kWh | 4406 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,169 | £163 | £1,332 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,179 |
| 7 kW | 7041 kWh | 5140 kWh | 1901 kWh | £1,364 | £190 | £1,554 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,583 |
| 8 kW | 8047 kWh | 5874 kWh | 2173 kWh | £1,558 | £217 | £1,776 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £13,988 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,126, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1509 kWh | 503 kWh | £400 | £50 | £451 | £11,069 | 24.6 yrs | £-2,057 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 2263 kWh | 754 kWh | £600 | £75 | £676 | £13,104 | 19.4 yrs | £414 |
| 4 kW | 4023 kWh | 3018 kWh | 1006 kWh | £801 | £101 | £901 | £15,138 | 16.8 yrs | £2,885 |
| 5 kW | 5029 kWh | 3772 kWh | 1257 kWh | £1,001 | £126 | £1,126 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,356 |
| 6 kW | 6035 kWh | 4526 kWh | 1509 kWh | £1,201 | £151 | £1,352 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,828 |
| 7 kW | 7041 kWh | 5281 kWh | 1760 kWh | £1,401 | £176 | £1,577 | £21,242 | 13.5 yrs | £10,299 |
| 8 kW | 8047 kWh | 6035 kWh | 2012 kWh | £1,601 | £201 | £1,802 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,770 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,143, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1549 kWh | 463 kWh | £411 | £46 | £457 | £13,519 | 29.6 yrs | £-4,374 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 2324 kWh | 694 kWh | £616 | £69 | £686 | £15,554 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,837 |
| 4 kW | 4023 kWh | 3098 kWh | 925 kWh | £822 | £93 | £914 | £17,588 | 19.2 yrs | £701 |
| 5 kW | 5029 kWh | 3873 kWh | 1157 kWh | £1,027 | £116 | £1,143 | £19,623 | 17.2 yrs | £3,239 |
| 6 kW | 6035 kWh | 4647 kWh | 1388 kWh | £1,233 | £139 | £1,372 | £21,657 | 15.8 yrs | £5,777 |
| 7 kW | 7041 kWh | 5422 kWh | 1619 kWh | £1,438 | £162 | £1,600 | £23,692 | 14.8 yrs | £8,315 |
| 8 kW | 8047 kWh | 6196 kWh | 1851 kWh | £1,644 | £185 | £1,829 | £25,726 | 14.1 yrs | £10,852 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.