A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 899 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £756, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 719 kWh | 1079 kWh | £195 | £108 | £302 | £4,069 | 13.5 yrs | £1,981 |
| 3 kW | 2697 kWh | 1079 kWh | 1618 kWh | £292 | £162 | £454 | £6,104 | 13.5 yrs | £2,971 |
| 4 kW | 3596 kWh | 1438 kWh | 2157 kWh | £389 | £216 | £605 | £8,138 | 13.5 yrs | £3,961 |
| 5 kW | 4495 kWh | 1798 kWh | 2697 kWh | £487 | £270 | £756 | £10,173 | 13.5 yrs | £4,951 |
| 6 kW | 5394 kWh | 2157 kWh | 3236 kWh | £584 | £324 | £907 | £12,207 | 13.5 yrs | £5,942 |
| 7 kW | 6293 kWh | 2517 kWh | 3776 kWh | £681 | £378 | £1,059 | £14,242 | 13.5 yrs | £6,932 |
| 8 kW | 7192 kWh | 2877 kWh | 4315 kWh | £778 | £431 | £1,210 | £16,276 | 13.5 yrs | £7,922 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £910, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1079 kWh | 719 kWh | £292 | £72 | £364 | £6,169 | 17.0 yrs | £1,107 |
| 3 kW | 2697 kWh | 1618 kWh | 1079 kWh | £438 | £108 | £546 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,711 |
| 4 kW | 3596 kWh | 2157 kWh | 1438 kWh | £584 | £144 | £728 | £10,238 | 14.1 yrs | £4,315 |
| 5 kW | 4495 kWh | 2697 kWh | 1798 kWh | £730 | £180 | £910 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,919 |
| 6 kW | 5394 kWh | 3236 kWh | 2157 kWh | £876 | £216 | £1,091 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,522 |
| 7 kW | 6293 kWh | 3776 kWh | 2517 kWh | £1,022 | £252 | £1,273 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,126 |
| 8 kW | 7192 kWh | 4315 kWh | 2877 kWh | £1,168 | £288 | £1,455 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,730 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £986, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1259 kWh | 539 kWh | £341 | £54 | £394 | £7,569 | 19.2 yrs | £321 |
| 3 kW | 2697 kWh | 1888 kWh | 809 kWh | £511 | £81 | £592 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,231 |
| 4 kW | 3596 kWh | 2517 kWh | 1079 kWh | £681 | £108 | £789 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,142 |
| 5 kW | 4495 kWh | 3146 kWh | 1348 kWh | £851 | £135 | £986 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £6,052 |
| 6 kW | 5394 kWh | 3776 kWh | 1618 kWh | £1,022 | £162 | £1,183 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,963 |
| 7 kW | 6293 kWh | 4405 kWh | 1888 kWh | £1,192 | £189 | £1,381 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £9,873 |
| 8 kW | 7192 kWh | 5034 kWh | 2157 kWh | £1,362 | £216 | £1,578 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,784 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,009, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1312 kWh | 485 kWh | £355 | £49 | £404 | £9,319 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,245 |
| 3 kW | 2697 kWh | 1969 kWh | 728 kWh | £533 | £73 | £606 | £11,354 | 18.7 yrs | £757 |
| 4 kW | 3596 kWh | 2625 kWh | 971 kWh | £710 | £97 | £807 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,760 |
| 5 kW | 4495 kWh | 3281 kWh | 1214 kWh | £888 | £121 | £1,009 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,762 |
| 6 kW | 5394 kWh | 3937 kWh | 1456 kWh | £1,065 | £146 | £1,211 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,765 |
| 7 kW | 6293 kWh | 4594 kWh | 1699 kWh | £1,243 | £170 | £1,413 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,767 |
| 8 kW | 7192 kWh | 5250 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,421 | £194 | £1,615 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,770 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,025, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1348 kWh | 449 kWh | £365 | £45 | £410 | £11,069 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,872 |
| 3 kW | 2697 kWh | 2023 kWh | 674 kWh | £547 | £67 | £615 | £13,104 | 21.3 yrs | £-809 |
| 4 kW | 3596 kWh | 2697 kWh | 899 kWh | £730 | £90 | £820 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,255 |
| 5 kW | 4495 kWh | 3371 kWh | 1124 kWh | £912 | £112 | £1,025 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,319 |
| 6 kW | 5394 kWh | 4045 kWh | 1348 kWh | £1,095 | £135 | £1,229 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,383 |
| 7 kW | 6293 kWh | 4719 kWh | 1573 kWh | £1,277 | £157 | £1,434 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,447 |
| 8 kW | 7192 kWh | 5394 kWh | 1798 kWh | £1,460 | £180 | £1,639 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,510 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,040, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1384 kWh | 414 kWh | £375 | £41 | £416 | £13,519 | 32.5 yrs | £-5,200 |
| 3 kW | 2697 kWh | 2077 kWh | 620 kWh | £562 | £62 | £624 | £15,554 | 24.9 yrs | £-3,075 |
| 4 kW | 3596 kWh | 2769 kWh | 827 kWh | £749 | £83 | £832 | £17,588 | 21.1 yrs | £-949 |
| 5 kW | 4495 kWh | 3461 kWh | 1034 kWh | £937 | £103 | £1,040 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,176 |
| 6 kW | 5394 kWh | 4153 kWh | 1241 kWh | £1,124 | £124 | £1,248 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,301 |
| 7 kW | 6293 kWh | 4845 kWh | 1447 kWh | £1,311 | £145 | £1,456 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,426 |
| 8 kW | 7192 kWh | 5538 kWh | 1654 kWh | £1,498 | £165 | £1,664 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,551 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.