A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 816 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £686, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1632 kWh | 653 kWh | 979 kWh | £177 | £98 | £275 | £4,069 | 14.8 yrs | £1,422 |
| 3 kW | 2448 kWh | 979 kWh | 1469 kWh | £265 | £147 | £412 | £6,104 | 14.8 yrs | £2,132 |
| 4 kW | 3264 kWh | 1305 kWh | 1958 kWh | £353 | £196 | £549 | £8,138 | 14.8 yrs | £2,843 |
| 5 kW | 4079 kWh | 1632 kWh | 2448 kWh | £442 | £245 | £686 | £10,173 | 14.8 yrs | £3,554 |
| 6 kW | 4895 kWh | 1958 kWh | 2937 kWh | £530 | £294 | £824 | £12,207 | 14.8 yrs | £4,265 |
| 7 kW | 5711 kWh | 2284 kWh | 3427 kWh | £618 | £343 | £961 | £14,242 | 14.8 yrs | £4,975 |
| 8 kW | 6527 kWh | 2611 kWh | 3916 kWh | £706 | £392 | £1,098 | £16,276 | 14.8 yrs | £5,686 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £826, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1632 kWh | 979 kWh | 653 kWh | £265 | £65 | £330 | £6,169 | 18.7 yrs | £435 |
| 3 kW | 2448 kWh | 1469 kWh | 979 kWh | £397 | £98 | £495 | £8,204 | 16.6 yrs | £1,703 |
| 4 kW | 3264 kWh | 1958 kWh | 1305 kWh | £530 | £131 | £660 | £10,238 | 15.5 yrs | £2,970 |
| 5 kW | 4079 kWh | 2448 kWh | 1632 kWh | £662 | £163 | £826 | £12,273 | 14.9 yrs | £4,238 |
| 6 kW | 4895 kWh | 2937 kWh | 1958 kWh | £795 | £196 | £991 | £14,307 | 14.4 yrs | £5,505 |
| 7 kW | 5711 kWh | 3427 kWh | 2284 kWh | £927 | £228 | £1,156 | £16,342 | 14.1 yrs | £6,773 |
| 8 kW | 6527 kWh | 3916 kWh | 2611 kWh | £1,060 | £261 | £1,321 | £18,376 | 13.9 yrs | £8,040 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £895, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1632 kWh | 1142 kWh | 490 kWh | £309 | £49 | £358 | £7,569 | 21.1 yrs | £-408 |
| 3 kW | 2448 kWh | 1713 kWh | 734 kWh | £464 | £73 | £537 | £9,604 | 17.9 yrs | £1,138 |
| 4 kW | 3264 kWh | 2284 kWh | 979 kWh | £618 | £98 | £716 | £11,638 | 16.3 yrs | £2,684 |
| 5 kW | 4079 kWh | 2856 kWh | 1224 kWh | £773 | £122 | £895 | £13,673 | 15.3 yrs | £4,229 |
| 6 kW | 4895 kWh | 3427 kWh | 1469 kWh | £927 | £147 | £1,074 | £15,707 | 14.6 yrs | £5,775 |
| 7 kW | 5711 kWh | 3998 kWh | 1713 kWh | £1,082 | £171 | £1,253 | £17,742 | 14.2 yrs | £7,321 |
| 8 kW | 6527 kWh | 4569 kWh | 1958 kWh | £1,236 | £196 | £1,432 | £19,776 | 13.8 yrs | £8,867 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £916, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1632 kWh | 1191 kWh | 441 kWh | £322 | £44 | £366 | £9,319 | 25.4 yrs | £-1,991 |
| 3 kW | 2448 kWh | 1787 kWh | 661 kWh | £484 | £66 | £550 | £11,354 | 20.7 yrs | £-362 |
| 4 kW | 3264 kWh | 2382 kWh | 881 kWh | £645 | £88 | £733 | £13,388 | 18.3 yrs | £1,268 |
| 5 kW | 4079 kWh | 2978 kWh | 1101 kWh | £806 | £110 | £916 | £15,423 | 16.8 yrs | £2,897 |
| 6 kW | 4895 kWh | 3574 kWh | 1322 kWh | £967 | £132 | £1,099 | £17,457 | 15.9 yrs | £4,526 |
| 7 kW | 5711 kWh | 4169 kWh | 1542 kWh | £1,128 | £154 | £1,282 | £19,492 | 15.2 yrs | £6,156 |
| 8 kW | 6527 kWh | 4765 kWh | 1762 kWh | £1,289 | £176 | £1,466 | £21,526 | 14.7 yrs | £7,785 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £930, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1632 kWh | 1224 kWh | 408 kWh | £331 | £41 | £372 | £11,069 | 29.8 yrs | £-3,630 |
| 3 kW | 2448 kWh | 1836 kWh | 612 kWh | £497 | £61 | £558 | £13,104 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,945 |
| 4 kW | 3264 kWh | 2448 kWh | 816 kWh | £662 | £82 | £744 | £15,138 | 20.3 yrs | £-260 |
| 5 kW | 4079 kWh | 3060 kWh | 1020 kWh | £828 | £102 | £930 | £17,173 | 18.5 yrs | £1,425 |
| 6 kW | 4895 kWh | 3671 kWh | 1224 kWh | £993 | £122 | £1,116 | £19,207 | 17.2 yrs | £3,111 |
| 7 kW | 5711 kWh | 4283 kWh | 1428 kWh | £1,159 | £143 | £1,302 | £21,242 | 16.3 yrs | £4,796 |
| 8 kW | 6527 kWh | 4895 kWh | 1632 kWh | £1,325 | £163 | £1,488 | £23,276 | 15.6 yrs | £6,481 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1632 kWh | 1256 kWh | 375 kWh | £340 | £38 | £378 | £13,519 | 35.8 yrs | £-5,968 |
| 3 kW | 2448 kWh | 1885 kWh | 563 kWh | £510 | £56 | £566 | £15,554 | 27.5 yrs | £-4,228 |
| 4 kW | 3264 kWh | 2513 kWh | 751 kWh | £680 | £75 | £755 | £17,588 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,487 |
| 5 kW | 4079 kWh | 3141 kWh | 938 kWh | £850 | £94 | £944 | £19,623 | 20.8 yrs | £-746 |
| 6 kW | 4895 kWh | 3769 kWh | 1126 kWh | £1,020 | £113 | £1,133 | £21,657 | 19.1 yrs | £995 |
| 7 kW | 5711 kWh | 4398 kWh | 1314 kWh | £1,190 | £131 | £1,321 | £23,692 | 17.9 yrs | £2,735 |
| 8 kW | 6527 kWh | 5026 kWh | 1501 kWh | £1,360 | £150 | £1,510 | £25,726 | 17.0 yrs | £4,476 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.