A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 827 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £696, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 662 kWh | 992 kWh | £179 | £99 | £278 | £4,069 | 14.6 yrs | £1,496 |
| 3 kW | 2481 kWh | 992 kWh | 1489 kWh | £269 | £149 | £417 | £6,104 | 14.6 yrs | £2,244 |
| 4 kW | 3308 kWh | 1323 kWh | 1985 kWh | £358 | £198 | £557 | £8,138 | 14.6 yrs | £2,992 |
| 5 kW | 4135 kWh | 1654 kWh | 2481 kWh | £448 | £248 | £696 | £10,173 | 14.6 yrs | £3,740 |
| 6 kW | 4962 kWh | 1985 kWh | 2977 kWh | £537 | £298 | £835 | £12,207 | 14.6 yrs | £4,488 |
| 7 kW | 5789 kWh | 2315 kWh | 3473 kWh | £627 | £347 | £974 | £14,242 | 14.6 yrs | £5,236 |
| 8 kW | 6616 kWh | 2646 kWh | 3969 kWh | £716 | £397 | £1,113 | £16,276 | 14.6 yrs | £5,984 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £837, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 992 kWh | 662 kWh | £269 | £66 | £335 | £6,169 | 18.4 yrs | £525 |
| 3 kW | 2481 kWh | 1489 kWh | 992 kWh | £403 | £99 | £502 | £8,204 | 16.3 yrs | £1,837 |
| 4 kW | 3308 kWh | 1985 kWh | 1323 kWh | £537 | £132 | £669 | £10,238 | 15.3 yrs | £3,149 |
| 5 kW | 4135 kWh | 2481 kWh | 1654 kWh | £671 | £165 | £837 | £12,273 | 14.7 yrs | £4,462 |
| 6 kW | 4962 kWh | 2977 kWh | 1985 kWh | £806 | £198 | £1,004 | £14,307 | 14.2 yrs | £5,774 |
| 7 kW | 5789 kWh | 3473 kWh | 2315 kWh | £940 | £232 | £1,171 | £16,342 | 14.0 yrs | £7,086 |
| 8 kW | 6616 kWh | 3969 kWh | 2646 kWh | £1,074 | £265 | £1,339 | £18,376 | 13.7 yrs | £8,399 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £907, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 1158 kWh | 496 kWh | £313 | £50 | £363 | £7,569 | 20.9 yrs | £-311 |
| 3 kW | 2481 kWh | 1737 kWh | 744 kWh | £470 | £74 | £544 | £9,604 | 17.6 yrs | £1,283 |
| 4 kW | 3308 kWh | 2315 kWh | 992 kWh | £627 | £99 | £726 | £11,638 | 16.0 yrs | £2,878 |
| 5 kW | 4135 kWh | 2894 kWh | 1240 kWh | £783 | £124 | £907 | £13,673 | 15.1 yrs | £4,472 |
| 6 kW | 4962 kWh | 3473 kWh | 1489 kWh | £940 | £149 | £1,089 | £15,707 | 14.4 yrs | £6,067 |
| 7 kW | 5789 kWh | 4052 kWh | 1737 kWh | £1,096 | £174 | £1,270 | £17,742 | 14.0 yrs | £7,661 |
| 8 kW | 6616 kWh | 4631 kWh | 1985 kWh | £1,253 | £198 | £1,452 | £19,776 | 13.6 yrs | £9,256 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £928, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 1207 kWh | 447 kWh | £327 | £45 | £371 | £9,319 | 25.1 yrs | £-1,892 |
| 3 kW | 2481 kWh | 1811 kWh | 670 kWh | £490 | £67 | £557 | £11,354 | 20.4 yrs | £-213 |
| 4 kW | 3308 kWh | 2415 kWh | 893 kWh | £653 | £89 | £743 | £13,388 | 18.0 yrs | £1,466 |
| 5 kW | 4135 kWh | 3018 kWh | 1116 kWh | £817 | £112 | £928 | £15,423 | 16.6 yrs | £3,146 |
| 6 kW | 4962 kWh | 3622 kWh | 1340 kWh | £980 | £134 | £1,114 | £17,457 | 15.7 yrs | £4,825 |
| 7 kW | 5789 kWh | 4226 kWh | 1563 kWh | £1,143 | £156 | £1,300 | £19,492 | 15.0 yrs | £6,504 |
| 8 kW | 6616 kWh | 4829 kWh | 1786 kWh | £1,307 | £179 | £1,485 | £21,526 | 14.5 yrs | £8,183 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £943, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 1240 kWh | 413 kWh | £336 | £41 | £377 | £11,069 | 29.4 yrs | £-3,529 |
| 3 kW | 2481 kWh | 1861 kWh | 620 kWh | £503 | £62 | £566 | £13,104 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,793 |
| 4 kW | 3308 kWh | 2481 kWh | 827 kWh | £671 | £83 | £754 | £15,138 | 20.1 yrs | £-58 |
| 5 kW | 4135 kWh | 3101 kWh | 1034 kWh | £839 | £103 | £943 | £17,173 | 18.2 yrs | £1,678 |
| 6 kW | 4962 kWh | 3721 kWh | 1240 kWh | £1,007 | £124 | £1,131 | £19,207 | 17.0 yrs | £3,413 |
| 7 kW | 5789 kWh | 4341 kWh | 1447 kWh | £1,175 | £145 | £1,320 | £21,242 | 16.1 yrs | £5,149 |
| 8 kW | 6616 kWh | 4962 kWh | 1654 kWh | £1,343 | £165 | £1,508 | £23,276 | 15.4 yrs | £6,884 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £957, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 1274 kWh | 380 kWh | £345 | £38 | £383 | £13,519 | 35.3 yrs | £-5,866 |
| 3 kW | 2481 kWh | 1910 kWh | 571 kWh | £517 | £57 | £574 | £15,554 | 27.1 yrs | £-4,074 |
| 4 kW | 3308 kWh | 2547 kWh | 761 kWh | £689 | £76 | £765 | £17,588 | 23.0 yrs | £-2,282 |
| 5 kW | 4135 kWh | 3184 kWh | 951 kWh | £862 | £95 | £957 | £19,623 | 20.5 yrs | £-490 |
| 6 kW | 4962 kWh | 3821 kWh | 1141 kWh | £1,034 | £114 | £1,148 | £21,657 | 18.9 yrs | £1,302 |
| 7 kW | 5789 kWh | 4457 kWh | 1331 kWh | £1,206 | £133 | £1,339 | £23,692 | 17.7 yrs | £3,094 |
| 8 kW | 6616 kWh | 5094 kWh | 1522 kWh | £1,378 | £152 | £1,531 | £25,726 | 16.8 yrs | £4,886 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.