A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 835 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £682, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1670 kWh | 668 kWh | 1002 kWh | £173 | £100 | £273 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,387 |
| 3 kW | 2505 kWh | 1002 kWh | 1503 kWh | £259 | £150 | £409 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,081 |
| 4 kW | 3340 kWh | 1336 kWh | 2004 kWh | £345 | £200 | £546 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,775 |
| 5 kW | 4175 kWh | 1670 kWh | 2505 kWh | £432 | £251 | £682 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,469 |
| 6 kW | 5010 kWh | 2004 kWh | 3006 kWh | £518 | £301 | £818 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,162 |
| 7 kW | 5845 kWh | 2338 kWh | 3507 kWh | £604 | £351 | £955 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,856 |
| 8 kW | 6680 kWh | 2672 kWh | 4008 kWh | £690 | £401 | £1,091 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,550 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £814, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1670 kWh | 1002 kWh | 668 kWh | £259 | £67 | £326 | £6,169 | 18.9 yrs | £346 |
| 3 kW | 2505 kWh | 1503 kWh | 1002 kWh | £388 | £100 | £489 | £8,204 | 16.8 yrs | £1,568 |
| 4 kW | 3340 kWh | 2004 kWh | 1336 kWh | £518 | £134 | £651 | £10,238 | 15.7 yrs | £2,791 |
| 5 kW | 4175 kWh | 2505 kWh | 1670 kWh | £647 | £167 | £814 | £12,273 | 15.1 yrs | £4,014 |
| 6 kW | 5010 kWh | 3006 kWh | 2004 kWh | £777 | £200 | £977 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,237 |
| 7 kW | 5845 kWh | 3507 kWh | 2338 kWh | £906 | £234 | £1,140 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,460 |
| 8 kW | 6680 kWh | 4008 kWh | 2672 kWh | £1,036 | £267 | £1,303 | £18,376 | 14.1 yrs | £7,683 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £880, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1670 kWh | 1169 kWh | 501 kWh | £302 | £50 | £352 | £7,569 | 21.5 yrs | £-525 |
| 3 kW | 2505 kWh | 1754 kWh | 752 kWh | £453 | £75 | £528 | £9,604 | 18.2 yrs | £962 |
| 4 kW | 3340 kWh | 2338 kWh | 1002 kWh | £604 | £100 | £704 | £11,638 | 16.5 yrs | £2,449 |
| 5 kW | 4175 kWh | 2923 kWh | 1253 kWh | £755 | £125 | £880 | £13,673 | 15.5 yrs | £3,937 |
| 6 kW | 5010 kWh | 3507 kWh | 1503 kWh | £906 | £150 | £1,057 | £15,707 | 14.9 yrs | £5,424 |
| 7 kW | 5845 kWh | 4092 kWh | 1754 kWh | £1,057 | £175 | £1,233 | £17,742 | 14.4 yrs | £6,911 |
| 8 kW | 6680 kWh | 4676 kWh | 2004 kWh | £1,208 | £200 | £1,409 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,399 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £900, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1670 kWh | 1219 kWh | 451 kWh | £315 | £45 | £360 | £9,319 | 25.9 yrs | £-2,117 |
| 3 kW | 2505 kWh | 1829 kWh | 676 kWh | £473 | £68 | £540 | £11,354 | 21.0 yrs | £-550 |
| 4 kW | 3340 kWh | 2438 kWh | 902 kWh | £630 | £90 | £720 | £13,388 | 18.6 yrs | £1,017 |
| 5 kW | 4175 kWh | 3048 kWh | 1127 kWh | £788 | £113 | £900 | £15,423 | 17.1 yrs | £2,584 |
| 6 kW | 5010 kWh | 3657 kWh | 1353 kWh | £945 | £135 | £1,080 | £17,457 | 16.2 yrs | £4,150 |
| 7 kW | 5845 kWh | 4267 kWh | 1578 kWh | £1,103 | £158 | £1,260 | £19,492 | 15.5 yrs | £5,717 |
| 8 kW | 6680 kWh | 4877 kWh | 1804 kWh | £1,260 | £180 | £1,440 | £21,526 | 14.9 yrs | £7,284 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £914, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1670 kWh | 1253 kWh | 418 kWh | £324 | £42 | £365 | £11,069 | 30.3 yrs | £-3,761 |
| 3 kW | 2505 kWh | 1879 kWh | 626 kWh | £485 | £63 | £548 | £13,104 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,141 |
| 4 kW | 3340 kWh | 2505 kWh | 835 kWh | £647 | £84 | £731 | £15,138 | 20.7 yrs | £-521 |
| 5 kW | 4175 kWh | 3131 kWh | 1044 kWh | £809 | £104 | £914 | £17,173 | 18.8 yrs | £1,098 |
| 6 kW | 5010 kWh | 3758 kWh | 1253 kWh | £971 | £125 | £1,096 | £19,207 | 17.5 yrs | £2,718 |
| 7 kW | 5845 kWh | 4384 kWh | 1461 kWh | £1,133 | £146 | £1,279 | £21,242 | 16.6 yrs | £4,337 |
| 8 kW | 6680 kWh | 5010 kWh | 1670 kWh | £1,295 | £167 | £1,462 | £23,276 | 15.9 yrs | £5,957 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £927, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1670 kWh | 1286 kWh | 384 kWh | £332 | £38 | £371 | £13,519 | 36.5 yrs | £-6,105 |
| 3 kW | 2505 kWh | 1929 kWh | 576 kWh | £498 | £58 | £556 | £15,554 | 28.0 yrs | £-4,432 |
| 4 kW | 3340 kWh | 2572 kWh | 768 kWh | £665 | £77 | £741 | £17,588 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,760 |
| 5 kW | 4175 kWh | 3215 kWh | 960 kWh | £831 | £96 | £927 | £19,623 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,087 |
| 6 kW | 5010 kWh | 3858 kWh | 1152 kWh | £997 | £115 | £1,112 | £21,657 | 19.5 yrs | £585 |
| 7 kW | 5845 kWh | 4501 kWh | 1344 kWh | £1,163 | £134 | £1,297 | £23,692 | 18.3 yrs | £2,258 |
| 8 kW | 6680 kWh | 5144 kWh | 1536 kWh | £1,329 | £154 | £1,483 | £25,726 | 17.3 yrs | £3,930 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.