A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 729 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £614, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1459 kWh | 584 kWh | 875 kWh | £158 | £88 | £245 | £4,069 | 16.6 yrs | £840 |
| 3 kW | 2188 kWh | 875 kWh | 1313 kWh | £237 | £131 | £368 | £6,104 | 16.6 yrs | £1,260 |
| 4 kW | 2918 kWh | 1167 kWh | 1751 kWh | £316 | £175 | £491 | £8,138 | 16.6 yrs | £1,680 |
| 5 kW | 3647 kWh | 1459 kWh | 2188 kWh | £395 | £219 | £614 | £10,173 | 16.6 yrs | £2,100 |
| 6 kW | 4377 kWh | 1751 kWh | 2626 kWh | £474 | £263 | £736 | £12,207 | 16.6 yrs | £2,520 |
| 7 kW | 5106 kWh | 2043 kWh | 3064 kWh | £553 | £306 | £859 | £14,242 | 16.6 yrs | £2,941 |
| 8 kW | 5836 kWh | 2334 kWh | 3502 kWh | £632 | £350 | £982 | £16,276 | 16.6 yrs | £3,361 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £738, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1459 kWh | 875 kWh | 584 kWh | £237 | £58 | £295 | £6,169 | 20.9 yrs | £-264 |
| 3 kW | 2188 kWh | 1313 kWh | 875 kWh | £355 | £88 | £443 | £8,204 | 18.5 yrs | £654 |
| 4 kW | 2918 kWh | 1751 kWh | 1167 kWh | £474 | £117 | £590 | £10,238 | 17.3 yrs | £1,572 |
| 5 kW | 3647 kWh | 2188 kWh | 1459 kWh | £592 | £146 | £738 | £12,273 | 16.6 yrs | £2,489 |
| 6 kW | 4377 kWh | 2626 kWh | 1751 kWh | £711 | £175 | £886 | £14,307 | 16.2 yrs | £3,407 |
| 7 kW | 5106 kWh | 3064 kWh | 2043 kWh | £829 | £204 | £1,033 | £16,342 | 15.8 yrs | £4,325 |
| 8 kW | 5836 kWh | 3502 kWh | 2334 kWh | £948 | £233 | £1,181 | £18,376 | 15.6 yrs | £5,243 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £800, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1459 kWh | 1021 kWh | 438 kWh | £276 | £44 | £320 | £7,569 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,166 |
| 3 kW | 2188 kWh | 1532 kWh | 657 kWh | £415 | £66 | £480 | £9,604 | 20.0 yrs | £0 |
| 4 kW | 2918 kWh | 2043 kWh | 875 kWh | £553 | £88 | £640 | £11,638 | 18.2 yrs | £1,167 |
| 5 kW | 3647 kWh | 2553 kWh | 1094 kWh | £691 | £109 | £800 | £13,673 | 17.1 yrs | £2,334 |
| 6 kW | 4377 kWh | 3064 kWh | 1313 kWh | £829 | £131 | £960 | £15,707 | 16.4 yrs | £3,501 |
| 7 kW | 5106 kWh | 3575 kWh | 1532 kWh | £967 | £153 | £1,120 | £17,742 | 15.8 yrs | £4,667 |
| 8 kW | 5836 kWh | 4085 kWh | 1751 kWh | £1,105 | £175 | £1,281 | £19,776 | 15.4 yrs | £5,834 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £819, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1459 kWh | 1065 kWh | 394 kWh | £288 | £39 | £328 | £9,319 | 28.4 yrs | £-2,767 |
| 3 kW | 2188 kWh | 1598 kWh | 591 kWh | £432 | £59 | £491 | £11,354 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,526 |
| 4 kW | 2918 kWh | 2130 kWh | 788 kWh | £576 | £79 | £655 | £13,388 | 20.4 yrs | £-284 |
| 5 kW | 3647 kWh | 2663 kWh | 985 kWh | £721 | £98 | £819 | £15,423 | 18.8 yrs | £957 |
| 6 kW | 4377 kWh | 3195 kWh | 1182 kWh | £865 | £118 | £983 | £17,457 | 17.8 yrs | £2,199 |
| 7 kW | 5106 kWh | 3728 kWh | 1379 kWh | £1,009 | £138 | £1,147 | £19,492 | 17.0 yrs | £3,440 |
| 8 kW | 5836 kWh | 4260 kWh | 1576 kWh | £1,153 | £158 | £1,310 | £21,526 | 16.4 yrs | £4,682 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £831, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 20.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1459 kWh | 1094 kWh | 365 kWh | £296 | £36 | £333 | £11,069 | 33.3 yrs | £-4,418 |
| 3 kW | 2188 kWh | 1641 kWh | 547 kWh | £444 | £55 | £499 | £13,104 | 26.3 yrs | £-3,126 |
| 4 kW | 2918 kWh | 2188 kWh | 729 kWh | £592 | £73 | £665 | £15,138 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,835 |
| 5 kW | 3647 kWh | 2736 kWh | 912 kWh | £740 | £91 | £831 | £17,173 | 20.7 yrs | £-544 |
| 6 kW | 4377 kWh | 3283 kWh | 1094 kWh | £888 | £109 | £998 | £19,207 | 19.3 yrs | £747 |
| 7 kW | 5106 kWh | 3830 kWh | 1277 kWh | £1,036 | £128 | £1,164 | £21,242 | 18.2 yrs | £2,039 |
| 8 kW | 5836 kWh | 4377 kWh | 1459 kWh | £1,184 | £146 | £1,330 | £23,276 | 17.5 yrs | £3,330 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £844, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1459 kWh | 1123 kWh | 336 kWh | £304 | £34 | £338 | £13,519 | 40.1 yrs | £-6,768 |
| 3 kW | 2188 kWh | 1685 kWh | 503 kWh | £456 | £50 | £506 | £15,554 | 30.7 yrs | £-5,427 |
| 4 kW | 2918 kWh | 2247 kWh | 671 kWh | £608 | £67 | £675 | £17,588 | 26.1 yrs | £-4,086 |
| 5 kW | 3647 kWh | 2809 kWh | 839 kWh | £760 | £84 | £844 | £19,623 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,745 |
| 6 kW | 4377 kWh | 3370 kWh | 1007 kWh | £912 | £101 | £1,013 | £21,657 | 21.4 yrs | £-1,404 |
| 7 kW | 5106 kWh | 3932 kWh | 1174 kWh | £1,064 | £117 | £1,181 | £23,692 | 20.1 yrs | £-63 |
| 8 kW | 5836 kWh | 4494 kWh | 1342 kWh | £1,216 | £134 | £1,350 | £25,726 | 19.1 yrs | £1,278 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.