A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 834 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £682, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1669 kWh | 668 kWh | 1001 kWh | £172 | £100 | £273 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,383 |
| 3 kW | 2503 kWh | 1001 kWh | 1502 kWh | £259 | £150 | £409 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,075 |
| 4 kW | 3338 kWh | 1335 kWh | 2003 kWh | £345 | £200 | £545 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,767 |
| 5 kW | 4172 kWh | 1669 kWh | 2503 kWh | £431 | £250 | £682 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,458 |
| 6 kW | 5006 kWh | 2003 kWh | 3004 kWh | £517 | £300 | £818 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,150 |
| 7 kW | 5841 kWh | 2336 kWh | 3505 kWh | £604 | £350 | £954 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,842 |
| 8 kW | 6675 kWh | 2670 kWh | 4005 kWh | £690 | £401 | £1,090 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,533 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £814, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1669 kWh | 1001 kWh | 668 kWh | £259 | £67 | £325 | £6,169 | 19.0 yrs | £341 |
| 3 kW | 2503 kWh | 1502 kWh | 1001 kWh | £388 | £100 | £488 | £8,204 | 16.8 yrs | £1,561 |
| 4 kW | 3338 kWh | 2003 kWh | 1335 kWh | £517 | £134 | £651 | £10,238 | 15.7 yrs | £2,781 |
| 5 kW | 4172 kWh | 2503 kWh | 1669 kWh | £647 | £167 | £814 | £12,273 | 15.1 yrs | £4,002 |
| 6 kW | 5006 kWh | 3004 kWh | 2003 kWh | £776 | £200 | £976 | £14,307 | 14.7 yrs | £5,222 |
| 7 kW | 5841 kWh | 3505 kWh | 2336 kWh | £906 | £234 | £1,139 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,442 |
| 8 kW | 6675 kWh | 4005 kWh | 2670 kWh | £1,035 | £267 | £1,302 | £18,376 | 14.1 yrs | £7,663 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £880, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1669 kWh | 1168 kWh | 501 kWh | £302 | £50 | £352 | £7,569 | 21.5 yrs | £-531 |
| 3 kW | 2503 kWh | 1752 kWh | 751 kWh | £453 | £75 | £528 | £9,604 | 18.2 yrs | £954 |
| 4 kW | 3338 kWh | 2336 kWh | 1001 kWh | £604 | £100 | £704 | £11,638 | 16.5 yrs | £2,439 |
| 5 kW | 4172 kWh | 2920 kWh | 1252 kWh | £755 | £125 | £880 | £13,673 | 15.5 yrs | £3,923 |
| 6 kW | 5006 kWh | 3505 kWh | 1502 kWh | £906 | £150 | £1,056 | £15,707 | 14.9 yrs | £5,408 |
| 7 kW | 5841 kWh | 4089 kWh | 1752 kWh | £1,056 | £175 | £1,232 | £17,742 | 14.4 yrs | £6,893 |
| 8 kW | 6675 kWh | 4673 kWh | 2003 kWh | £1,207 | £200 | £1,408 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,378 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £900, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1669 kWh | 1218 kWh | 451 kWh | £315 | £45 | £360 | £9,319 | 25.9 yrs | £-2,122 |
| 3 kW | 2503 kWh | 1827 kWh | 676 kWh | £472 | £68 | £540 | £11,354 | 21.0 yrs | £-558 |
| 4 kW | 3338 kWh | 2436 kWh | 901 kWh | £630 | £90 | £720 | £13,388 | 18.6 yrs | £1,006 |
| 5 kW | 4172 kWh | 3046 kWh | 1126 kWh | £787 | £113 | £900 | £15,423 | 17.1 yrs | £2,570 |
| 6 kW | 5006 kWh | 3655 kWh | 1352 kWh | £944 | £135 | £1,080 | £17,457 | 16.2 yrs | £4,134 |
| 7 kW | 5841 kWh | 4264 kWh | 1577 kWh | £1,102 | £158 | £1,259 | £19,492 | 15.5 yrs | £5,698 |
| 8 kW | 6675 kWh | 4873 kWh | 1802 kWh | £1,259 | £180 | £1,439 | £21,526 | 15.0 yrs | £7,262 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £913, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1669 kWh | 1252 kWh | 417 kWh | £323 | £42 | £365 | £11,069 | 30.3 yrs | £-3,766 |
| 3 kW | 2503 kWh | 1877 kWh | 626 kWh | £485 | £63 | £548 | £13,104 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,149 |
| 4 kW | 3338 kWh | 2503 kWh | 834 kWh | £647 | £83 | £730 | £15,138 | 20.7 yrs | £-533 |
| 5 kW | 4172 kWh | 3129 kWh | 1043 kWh | £809 | £104 | £913 | £17,173 | 18.8 yrs | £1,084 |
| 6 kW | 5006 kWh | 3755 kWh | 1252 kWh | £970 | £125 | £1,095 | £19,207 | 17.5 yrs | £2,701 |
| 7 kW | 5841 kWh | 4381 kWh | 1460 kWh | £1,132 | £146 | £1,278 | £21,242 | 16.6 yrs | £4,318 |
| 8 kW | 6675 kWh | 5006 kWh | 1669 kWh | £1,294 | £167 | £1,461 | £23,276 | 15.9 yrs | £5,935 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £926, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1669 kWh | 1285 kWh | 384 kWh | £332 | £38 | £370 | £13,519 | 36.5 yrs | £-6,111 |
| 3 kW | 2503 kWh | 1927 kWh | 576 kWh | £498 | £58 | £556 | £15,554 | 28.0 yrs | £-4,441 |
| 4 kW | 3338 kWh | 2570 kWh | 768 kWh | £664 | £77 | £741 | £17,588 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,771 |
| 5 kW | 4172 kWh | 3212 kWh | 960 kWh | £830 | £96 | £926 | £19,623 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,101 |
| 6 kW | 5006 kWh | 3855 kWh | 1151 kWh | £996 | £115 | £1,111 | £21,657 | 19.5 yrs | £568 |
| 7 kW | 5841 kWh | 4497 kWh | 1343 kWh | £1,162 | £134 | £1,296 | £23,692 | 18.3 yrs | £2,238 |
| 8 kW | 6675 kWh | 5140 kWh | 1535 kWh | £1,328 | £154 | £1,482 | £25,726 | 17.4 yrs | £3,908 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.