A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 723 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £608, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1446 kWh | 578 kWh | 867 kWh | £156 | £87 | £243 | £4,069 | 16.7 yrs | £796 |
| 3 kW | 2169 kWh | 867 kWh | 1301 kWh | £235 | £130 | £365 | £6,104 | 16.7 yrs | £1,193 |
| 4 kW | 2891 kWh | 1157 kWh | 1735 kWh | £313 | £173 | £486 | £8,138 | 16.7 yrs | £1,591 |
| 5 kW | 3614 kWh | 1446 kWh | 2169 kWh | £391 | £217 | £608 | £10,173 | 16.7 yrs | £1,989 |
| 6 kW | 4337 kWh | 1735 kWh | 2602 kWh | £469 | £260 | £730 | £12,207 | 16.7 yrs | £2,387 |
| 7 kW | 5060 kWh | 2024 kWh | 3036 kWh | £548 | £304 | £851 | £14,242 | 16.7 yrs | £2,784 |
| 8 kW | 5783 kWh | 2313 kWh | 3470 kWh | £626 | £347 | £973 | £16,276 | 16.7 yrs | £3,182 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £731, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1446 kWh | 867 kWh | 578 kWh | £235 | £58 | £293 | £6,169 | 21.1 yrs | £-318 |
| 3 kW | 2169 kWh | 1301 kWh | 867 kWh | £352 | £87 | £439 | £8,204 | 18.7 yrs | £573 |
| 4 kW | 2891 kWh | 1735 kWh | 1157 kWh | £469 | £116 | £585 | £10,238 | 17.5 yrs | £1,464 |
| 5 kW | 3614 kWh | 2169 kWh | 1446 kWh | £587 | £145 | £731 | £12,273 | 16.8 yrs | £2,355 |
| 6 kW | 4337 kWh | 2602 kWh | 1735 kWh | £704 | £173 | £878 | £14,307 | 16.3 yrs | £3,246 |
| 7 kW | 5060 kWh | 3036 kWh | 2024 kWh | £822 | £202 | £1,024 | £16,342 | 16.0 yrs | £4,137 |
| 8 kW | 5783 kWh | 3470 kWh | 2313 kWh | £939 | £231 | £1,170 | £18,376 | 15.7 yrs | £5,028 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £793, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1446 kWh | 1012 kWh | 434 kWh | £274 | £43 | £317 | £7,569 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,225 |
| 3 kW | 2169 kWh | 1518 kWh | 651 kWh | £411 | £65 | £476 | £9,604 | 20.2 yrs | £-87 |
| 4 kW | 2891 kWh | 2024 kWh | 867 kWh | £548 | £87 | £634 | £11,638 | 18.3 yrs | £1,051 |
| 5 kW | 3614 kWh | 2530 kWh | 1084 kWh | £685 | £108 | £793 | £13,673 | 17.2 yrs | £2,188 |
| 6 kW | 4337 kWh | 3036 kWh | 1301 kWh | £822 | £130 | £952 | £15,707 | 16.5 yrs | £3,326 |
| 7 kW | 5060 kWh | 3542 kWh | 1518 kWh | £958 | £152 | £1,110 | £17,742 | 16.0 yrs | £4,464 |
| 8 kW | 5783 kWh | 4048 kWh | 1735 kWh | £1,095 | £173 | £1,269 | £19,776 | 15.6 yrs | £5,602 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £812, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1446 kWh | 1055 kWh | 390 kWh | £286 | £39 | £325 | £9,319 | 28.7 yrs | £-2,827 |
| 3 kW | 2169 kWh | 1583 kWh | 586 kWh | £428 | £59 | £487 | £11,354 | 23.3 yrs | £-1,615 |
| 4 kW | 2891 kWh | 2111 kWh | 781 kWh | £571 | £78 | £649 | £13,388 | 20.6 yrs | £-403 |
| 5 kW | 3614 kWh | 2638 kWh | 976 kWh | £714 | £98 | £812 | £15,423 | 19.0 yrs | £808 |
| 6 kW | 4337 kWh | 3166 kWh | 1171 kWh | £857 | £117 | £974 | £17,457 | 17.9 yrs | £2,020 |
| 7 kW | 5060 kWh | 3694 kWh | 1366 kWh | £1,000 | £137 | £1,136 | £19,492 | 17.2 yrs | £3,232 |
| 8 kW | 5783 kWh | 4222 kWh | 1561 kWh | £1,142 | £156 | £1,298 | £21,526 | 16.6 yrs | £4,443 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £824, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 20.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1446 kWh | 1084 kWh | 361 kWh | £293 | £36 | £330 | £11,069 | 33.6 yrs | £-4,478 |
| 3 kW | 2169 kWh | 1626 kWh | 542 kWh | £440 | £54 | £494 | £13,104 | 26.5 yrs | £-3,217 |
| 4 kW | 2891 kWh | 2169 kWh | 723 kWh | £587 | £72 | £659 | £15,138 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,956 |
| 5 kW | 3614 kWh | 2711 kWh | 904 kWh | £734 | £90 | £824 | £17,173 | 20.8 yrs | £-695 |
| 6 kW | 4337 kWh | 3253 kWh | 1084 kWh | £880 | £108 | £989 | £19,207 | 19.4 yrs | £566 |
| 7 kW | 5060 kWh | 3795 kWh | 1265 kWh | £1,027 | £127 | £1,153 | £21,242 | 18.4 yrs | £1,827 |
| 8 kW | 5783 kWh | 4337 kWh | 1446 kWh | £1,174 | £145 | £1,318 | £23,276 | 17.7 yrs | £3,088 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £836, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1446 kWh | 1113 kWh | 333 kWh | £301 | £33 | £334 | £13,519 | 40.4 yrs | £-6,829 |
| 3 kW | 2169 kWh | 1670 kWh | 499 kWh | £452 | £50 | £502 | £15,554 | 31.0 yrs | £-5,519 |
| 4 kW | 2891 kWh | 2226 kWh | 665 kWh | £602 | £67 | £669 | £17,588 | 26.3 yrs | £-4,209 |
| 5 kW | 3614 kWh | 2783 kWh | 831 kWh | £753 | £83 | £836 | £19,623 | 23.5 yrs | £-2,898 |
| 6 kW | 4337 kWh | 3340 kWh | 998 kWh | £904 | £100 | £1,003 | £21,657 | 21.6 yrs | £-1,588 |
| 7 kW | 5060 kWh | 3896 kWh | 1164 kWh | £1,054 | £116 | £1,171 | £23,692 | 20.2 yrs | £-278 |
| 8 kW | 5783 kWh | 4453 kWh | 1330 kWh | £1,205 | £133 | £1,338 | £25,726 | 19.2 yrs | £1,033 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.