A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 843 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £710, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1685 kWh | 674 kWh | 1011 kWh | £183 | £101 | £284 | £4,069 | 14.3 yrs | £1,608 |
| 3 kW | 2528 kWh | 1011 kWh | 1517 kWh | £274 | £152 | £426 | £6,104 | 14.3 yrs | £2,412 |
| 4 kW | 3370 kWh | 1348 kWh | 2022 kWh | £365 | £202 | £568 | £8,138 | 14.3 yrs | £3,216 |
| 5 kW | 4213 kWh | 1685 kWh | 2528 kWh | £457 | £253 | £710 | £10,173 | 14.3 yrs | £4,020 |
| 6 kW | 5056 kWh | 2022 kWh | 3033 kWh | £548 | £303 | £852 | £12,207 | 14.3 yrs | £4,824 |
| 7 kW | 5898 kWh | 2359 kWh | 3539 kWh | £640 | £354 | £993 | £14,242 | 14.3 yrs | £5,628 |
| 8 kW | 6741 kWh | 2696 kWh | 4044 kWh | £731 | £404 | £1,135 | £16,276 | 14.3 yrs | £6,432 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £854, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1685 kWh | 1011 kWh | 674 kWh | £274 | £67 | £342 | £6,169 | 18.1 yrs | £661 |
| 3 kW | 2528 kWh | 1517 kWh | 1011 kWh | £411 | £101 | £512 | £8,204 | 16.0 yrs | £2,042 |
| 4 kW | 3370 kWh | 2022 kWh | 1348 kWh | £548 | £135 | £683 | £10,238 | 15.0 yrs | £3,423 |
| 5 kW | 4213 kWh | 2528 kWh | 1685 kWh | £685 | £169 | £854 | £12,273 | 14.4 yrs | £4,803 |
| 6 kW | 5056 kWh | 3033 kWh | 2022 kWh | £822 | £202 | £1,025 | £14,307 | 14.0 yrs | £6,184 |
| 7 kW | 5898 kWh | 3539 kWh | 2359 kWh | £959 | £236 | £1,195 | £16,342 | 13.7 yrs | £7,565 |
| 8 kW | 6741 kWh | 4044 kWh | 2696 kWh | £1,096 | £270 | £1,366 | £18,376 | 13.5 yrs | £8,945 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £926, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1685 kWh | 1180 kWh | 506 kWh | £320 | £51 | £370 | £7,569 | 20.4 yrs | £-162 |
| 3 kW | 2528 kWh | 1769 kWh | 758 kWh | £480 | £76 | £556 | £9,604 | 17.3 yrs | £1,507 |
| 4 kW | 3370 kWh | 2359 kWh | 1011 kWh | £640 | £101 | £741 | £11,638 | 15.7 yrs | £3,176 |
| 5 kW | 4213 kWh | 2949 kWh | 1264 kWh | £799 | £126 | £926 | £13,673 | 14.8 yrs | £4,845 |
| 6 kW | 5056 kWh | 3539 kWh | 1517 kWh | £959 | £152 | £1,111 | £15,707 | 14.1 yrs | £6,514 |
| 7 kW | 5898 kWh | 4129 kWh | 1769 kWh | £1,119 | £177 | £1,296 | £17,742 | 13.7 yrs | £8,183 |
| 8 kW | 6741 kWh | 4719 kWh | 2022 kWh | £1,279 | £202 | £1,481 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £9,852 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £948, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1685 kWh | 1230 kWh | 455 kWh | £334 | £45 | £379 | £9,319 | 24.6 yrs | £-1,739 |
| 3 kW | 2528 kWh | 1845 kWh | 682 kWh | £500 | £68 | £569 | £11,354 | 20.0 yrs | £17 |
| 4 kW | 3370 kWh | 2460 kWh | 910 kWh | £667 | £91 | £758 | £13,388 | 17.7 yrs | £1,772 |
| 5 kW | 4213 kWh | 3075 kWh | 1137 kWh | £834 | £114 | £948 | £15,423 | 16.3 yrs | £3,528 |
| 6 kW | 5056 kWh | 3691 kWh | 1365 kWh | £1,001 | £136 | £1,137 | £17,457 | 15.4 yrs | £5,283 |
| 7 kW | 5898 kWh | 4306 kWh | 1592 kWh | £1,167 | £159 | £1,327 | £19,492 | 14.7 yrs | £7,039 |
| 8 kW | 6741 kWh | 4921 kWh | 1820 kWh | £1,334 | £182 | £1,516 | £21,526 | 14.2 yrs | £8,794 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1685 kWh | 1264 kWh | 421 kWh | £343 | £42 | £385 | £11,069 | 28.8 yrs | £-3,374 |
| 3 kW | 2528 kWh | 1896 kWh | 632 kWh | £514 | £63 | £577 | £13,104 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,560 |
| 4 kW | 3370 kWh | 2528 kWh | 843 kWh | £685 | £84 | £770 | £15,138 | 19.7 yrs | £253 |
| 5 kW | 4213 kWh | 3160 kWh | 1053 kWh | £857 | £105 | £962 | £17,173 | 17.9 yrs | £2,066 |
| 6 kW | 5056 kWh | 3792 kWh | 1264 kWh | £1,028 | £126 | £1,154 | £19,207 | 16.6 yrs | £3,879 |
| 7 kW | 5898 kWh | 4424 kWh | 1475 kWh | £1,199 | £147 | £1,347 | £21,242 | 15.8 yrs | £5,692 |
| 8 kW | 6741 kWh | 5056 kWh | 1685 kWh | £1,371 | £169 | £1,539 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,505 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1685 kWh | 1298 kWh | 388 kWh | £352 | £39 | £391 | £13,519 | 34.6 yrs | £-5,708 |
| 3 kW | 2528 kWh | 1946 kWh | 581 kWh | £528 | £58 | £586 | £15,554 | 26.6 yrs | £-3,837 |
| 4 kW | 3370 kWh | 2595 kWh | 775 kWh | £704 | £78 | £781 | £17,588 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,967 |
| 5 kW | 4213 kWh | 3244 kWh | 969 kWh | £879 | £97 | £976 | £19,623 | 20.1 yrs | £-96 |
| 6 kW | 5056 kWh | 3893 kWh | 1163 kWh | £1,055 | £116 | £1,172 | £21,657 | 18.5 yrs | £1,775 |
| 7 kW | 5898 kWh | 4542 kWh | 1357 kWh | £1,231 | £136 | £1,367 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,646 |
| 8 kW | 6741 kWh | 5190 kWh | 1550 kWh | £1,407 | £155 | £1,562 | £25,726 | 16.5 yrs | £5,517 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.