A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 833 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £701, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 666 kWh | 999 kWh | £181 | £100 | £281 | £4,069 | 14.5 yrs | £1,542 |
| 3 kW | 2498 kWh | 999 kWh | 1499 kWh | £271 | £150 | £421 | £6,104 | 14.5 yrs | £2,313 |
| 4 kW | 3331 kWh | 1332 kWh | 1999 kWh | £361 | £200 | £561 | £8,138 | 14.5 yrs | £3,084 |
| 5 kW | 4164 kWh | 1666 kWh | 2498 kWh | £452 | £250 | £701 | £10,173 | 14.5 yrs | £3,854 |
| 6 kW | 4997 kWh | 1999 kWh | 2998 kWh | £542 | £300 | £842 | £12,207 | 14.5 yrs | £4,625 |
| 7 kW | 5829 kWh | 2332 kWh | 3498 kWh | £632 | £350 | £982 | £14,242 | 14.5 yrs | £5,396 |
| 8 kW | 6662 kWh | 2665 kWh | 3997 kWh | £722 | £400 | £1,122 | £16,276 | 14.5 yrs | £6,167 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £844, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 999 kWh | 666 kWh | £271 | £67 | £338 | £6,169 | 18.3 yrs | £582 |
| 3 kW | 2498 kWh | 1499 kWh | 999 kWh | £406 | £100 | £506 | £8,204 | 16.2 yrs | £1,922 |
| 4 kW | 3331 kWh | 1999 kWh | 1332 kWh | £542 | £133 | £675 | £10,238 | 15.2 yrs | £3,263 |
| 5 kW | 4164 kWh | 2498 kWh | 1666 kWh | £677 | £167 | £844 | £12,273 | 14.5 yrs | £4,604 |
| 6 kW | 4997 kWh | 2998 kWh | 1999 kWh | £813 | £200 | £1,013 | £14,307 | 14.1 yrs | £5,945 |
| 7 kW | 5829 kWh | 3498 kWh | 2332 kWh | £948 | £233 | £1,181 | £16,342 | 13.8 yrs | £7,286 |
| 8 kW | 6662 kWh | 3997 kWh | 2665 kWh | £1,084 | £266 | £1,350 | £18,376 | 13.6 yrs | £8,627 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £915, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1166 kWh | 500 kWh | £316 | £50 | £366 | £7,569 | 20.7 yrs | £-248 |
| 3 kW | 2498 kWh | 1749 kWh | 749 kWh | £474 | £75 | £549 | £9,604 | 17.5 yrs | £1,377 |
| 4 kW | 3331 kWh | 2332 kWh | 999 kWh | £632 | £100 | £732 | £11,638 | 15.9 yrs | £3,003 |
| 5 kW | 4164 kWh | 2915 kWh | 1249 kWh | £790 | £125 | £915 | £13,673 | 14.9 yrs | £4,629 |
| 6 kW | 4997 kWh | 3498 kWh | 1499 kWh | £948 | £150 | £1,098 | £15,707 | 14.3 yrs | £6,255 |
| 7 kW | 5829 kWh | 4081 kWh | 1749 kWh | £1,106 | £175 | £1,281 | £17,742 | 13.8 yrs | £7,881 |
| 8 kW | 6662 kWh | 4663 kWh | 1999 kWh | £1,264 | £200 | £1,464 | £19,776 | 13.5 yrs | £9,506 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £936, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1216 kWh | 450 kWh | £330 | £45 | £375 | £9,319 | 24.9 yrs | £-1,827 |
| 3 kW | 2498 kWh | 1824 kWh | 675 kWh | £494 | £67 | £562 | £11,354 | 20.2 yrs | £-116 |
| 4 kW | 3331 kWh | 2432 kWh | 899 kWh | £659 | £90 | £749 | £13,388 | 17.9 yrs | £1,595 |
| 5 kW | 4164 kWh | 3040 kWh | 1124 kWh | £824 | £112 | £936 | £15,423 | 16.5 yrs | £3,306 |
| 6 kW | 4997 kWh | 3647 kWh | 1349 kWh | £989 | £135 | £1,124 | £17,457 | 15.5 yrs | £5,018 |
| 7 kW | 5829 kWh | 4255 kWh | 1574 kWh | £1,154 | £157 | £1,311 | £19,492 | 14.9 yrs | £6,729 |
| 8 kW | 6662 kWh | 4863 kWh | 1799 kWh | £1,318 | £180 | £1,498 | £21,526 | 14.4 yrs | £8,440 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1249 kWh | 416 kWh | £339 | £42 | £380 | £11,069 | 29.1 yrs | £-3,463 |
| 3 kW | 2498 kWh | 1874 kWh | 625 kWh | £508 | £62 | £570 | £13,104 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,695 |
| 4 kW | 3331 kWh | 2498 kWh | 833 kWh | £677 | £83 | £761 | £15,138 | 19.9 yrs | £73 |
| 5 kW | 4164 kWh | 3123 kWh | 1041 kWh | £847 | £104 | £951 | £17,173 | 18.1 yrs | £1,841 |
| 6 kW | 4997 kWh | 3747 kWh | 1249 kWh | £1,016 | £125 | £1,141 | £19,207 | 16.8 yrs | £3,610 |
| 7 kW | 5829 kWh | 4372 kWh | 1457 kWh | £1,185 | £146 | £1,331 | £21,242 | 16.0 yrs | £5,378 |
| 8 kW | 6662 kWh | 4997 kWh | 1666 kWh | £1,355 | £167 | £1,521 | £23,276 | 15.3 yrs | £7,146 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £965, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1282 kWh | 383 kWh | £348 | £38 | £386 | £13,519 | 35.0 yrs | £-5,799 |
| 3 kW | 2498 kWh | 1924 kWh | 575 kWh | £522 | £57 | £579 | £15,554 | 26.9 yrs | £-3,974 |
| 4 kW | 3331 kWh | 2565 kWh | 766 kWh | £695 | £77 | £772 | £17,588 | 22.8 yrs | £-2,149 |
| 5 kW | 4164 kWh | 3206 kWh | 958 kWh | £869 | £96 | £965 | £19,623 | 20.3 yrs | £-324 |
| 6 kW | 4997 kWh | 3847 kWh | 1149 kWh | £1,043 | £115 | £1,158 | £21,657 | 18.7 yrs | £1,502 |
| 7 kW | 5829 kWh | 4489 kWh | 1341 kWh | £1,217 | £134 | £1,351 | £23,692 | 17.5 yrs | £3,327 |
| 8 kW | 6662 kWh | 5130 kWh | 1532 kWh | £1,391 | £153 | £1,544 | £25,726 | 16.7 yrs | £5,152 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.