A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 851 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £717, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1703 kWh | 681 kWh | 1022 kWh | £185 | £102 | £287 | £4,069 | 14.2 yrs | £1,668 |
| 3 kW | 2554 kWh | 1022 kWh | 1533 kWh | £277 | £153 | £430 | £6,104 | 14.2 yrs | £2,502 |
| 4 kW | 3406 kWh | 1362 kWh | 2044 kWh | £369 | £204 | £574 | £8,138 | 14.2 yrs | £3,336 |
| 5 kW | 4257 kWh | 1703 kWh | 2554 kWh | £462 | £255 | £717 | £10,173 | 14.2 yrs | £4,169 |
| 6 kW | 5109 kWh | 2044 kWh | 3065 kWh | £554 | £307 | £861 | £12,207 | 14.2 yrs | £5,003 |
| 7 kW | 5960 kWh | 2384 kWh | 3576 kWh | £646 | £358 | £1,004 | £14,242 | 14.2 yrs | £5,837 |
| 8 kW | 6812 kWh | 2725 kWh | 4087 kWh | £739 | £409 | £1,147 | £16,276 | 14.2 yrs | £6,671 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £863, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1703 kWh | 1022 kWh | 681 kWh | £277 | £68 | £345 | £6,169 | 17.9 yrs | £733 |
| 3 kW | 2554 kWh | 1533 kWh | 1022 kWh | £415 | £102 | £518 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,150 |
| 4 kW | 3406 kWh | 2044 kWh | 1362 kWh | £554 | £136 | £690 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,567 |
| 5 kW | 4257 kWh | 2554 kWh | 1703 kWh | £692 | £170 | £863 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £4,983 |
| 6 kW | 5109 kWh | 3065 kWh | 2044 kWh | £831 | £204 | £1,035 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,400 |
| 7 kW | 5960 kWh | 3576 kWh | 2384 kWh | £969 | £238 | £1,208 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,816 |
| 8 kW | 6812 kWh | 4087 kWh | 2725 kWh | £1,108 | £272 | £1,380 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,233 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £936, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1703 kWh | 1192 kWh | 511 kWh | £323 | £51 | £374 | £7,569 | 20.2 yrs | £-84 |
| 3 kW | 2554 kWh | 1788 kWh | 766 kWh | £485 | £77 | £561 | £9,604 | 17.1 yrs | £1,624 |
| 4 kW | 3406 kWh | 2384 kWh | 1022 kWh | £646 | £102 | £749 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,332 |
| 5 kW | 4257 kWh | 2980 kWh | 1277 kWh | £808 | £128 | £936 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,040 |
| 6 kW | 5109 kWh | 3576 kWh | 1533 kWh | £969 | £153 | £1,123 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,748 |
| 7 kW | 5960 kWh | 4172 kWh | 1788 kWh | £1,131 | £179 | £1,310 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,456 |
| 8 kW | 6812 kWh | 4768 kWh | 2044 kWh | £1,293 | £204 | £1,497 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,164 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £957, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1703 kWh | 1243 kWh | 460 kWh | £337 | £46 | £383 | £9,319 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,659 |
| 3 kW | 2554 kWh | 1865 kWh | 690 kWh | £506 | £69 | £574 | £11,354 | 19.8 yrs | £136 |
| 4 kW | 3406 kWh | 2486 kWh | 920 kWh | £674 | £92 | £766 | £13,388 | 17.5 yrs | £1,932 |
| 5 kW | 4257 kWh | 3108 kWh | 1149 kWh | £843 | £115 | £957 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,727 |
| 6 kW | 5109 kWh | 3729 kWh | 1379 kWh | £1,011 | £138 | £1,149 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,522 |
| 7 kW | 5960 kWh | 4351 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,180 | £161 | £1,340 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,318 |
| 8 kW | 6812 kWh | 4973 kWh | 1839 kWh | £1,348 | £184 | £1,532 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £9,113 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £972, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1703 kWh | 1277 kWh | 426 kWh | £346 | £43 | £389 | £11,069 | 28.5 yrs | £-3,293 |
| 3 kW | 2554 kWh | 1916 kWh | 639 kWh | £519 | £64 | £583 | £13,104 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,439 |
| 4 kW | 3406 kWh | 2554 kWh | 851 kWh | £692 | £85 | £778 | £15,138 | 19.5 yrs | £415 |
| 5 kW | 4257 kWh | 3193 kWh | 1064 kWh | £866 | £106 | £972 | £17,173 | 17.7 yrs | £2,268 |
| 6 kW | 5109 kWh | 3832 kWh | 1277 kWh | £1,039 | £128 | £1,166 | £19,207 | 16.5 yrs | £4,122 |
| 7 kW | 5960 kWh | 4470 kWh | 1490 kWh | £1,212 | £149 | £1,361 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £5,976 |
| 8 kW | 6812 kWh | 5109 kWh | 1703 kWh | £1,385 | £170 | £1,555 | £23,276 | 15.0 yrs | £7,829 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £987, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1703 kWh | 1311 kWh | 392 kWh | £355 | £39 | £395 | £13,519 | 34.3 yrs | £-5,626 |
| 3 kW | 2554 kWh | 1967 kWh | 588 kWh | £533 | £59 | £592 | £15,554 | 26.3 yrs | £-3,714 |
| 4 kW | 3406 kWh | 2622 kWh | 783 kWh | £711 | £78 | £789 | £17,588 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,802 |
| 5 kW | 4257 kWh | 3278 kWh | 979 kWh | £889 | £98 | £987 | £19,623 | 19.9 yrs | £110 |
| 6 kW | 5109 kWh | 3934 kWh | 1175 kWh | £1,066 | £118 | £1,184 | £21,657 | 18.3 yrs | £2,022 |
| 7 kW | 5960 kWh | 4589 kWh | 1371 kWh | £1,244 | £137 | £1,381 | £23,692 | 17.2 yrs | £3,934 |
| 8 kW | 6812 kWh | 5245 kWh | 1567 kWh | £1,422 | £157 | £1,579 | £25,726 | 16.3 yrs | £5,846 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.