A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1027 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £853, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2054 kWh | 821 kWh | 1232 kWh | £218 | £123 | £341 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,754 |
| 3 kW | 3081 kWh | 1232 kWh | 1848 kWh | £327 | £185 | £512 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,131 |
| 4 kW | 4107 kWh | 1643 kWh | 2464 kWh | £436 | £246 | £682 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,509 |
| 5 kW | 5134 kWh | 2054 kWh | 3081 kWh | £545 | £308 | £853 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,886 |
| 6 kW | 6161 kWh | 2464 kWh | 3697 kWh | £654 | £370 | £1,023 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,263 |
| 7 kW | 7188 kWh | 2875 kWh | 4313 kWh | £763 | £431 | £1,194 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,640 |
| 8 kW | 8215 kWh | 3286 kWh | 4929 kWh | £872 | £493 | £1,365 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,017 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,023, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2054 kWh | 1232 kWh | 821 kWh | £327 | £82 | £409 | £6,169 | 15.1 yrs | £2,012 |
| 3 kW | 3081 kWh | 1848 kWh | 1232 kWh | £490 | £123 | £614 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,068 |
| 4 kW | 4107 kWh | 2464 kWh | 1643 kWh | £654 | £164 | £818 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,124 |
| 5 kW | 5134 kWh | 3081 kWh | 2054 kWh | £817 | £205 | £1,023 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,180 |
| 6 kW | 6161 kWh | 3697 kWh | 2464 kWh | £981 | £246 | £1,227 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,237 |
| 7 kW | 7188 kWh | 4313 kWh | 2875 kWh | £1,144 | £288 | £1,432 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,293 |
| 8 kW | 8215 kWh | 4929 kWh | 3286 kWh | £1,308 | £329 | £1,636 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,349 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,108, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2054 kWh | 1438 kWh | 616 kWh | £381 | £62 | £443 | £7,569 | 17.1 yrs | £1,291 |
| 3 kW | 3081 kWh | 2156 kWh | 924 kWh | £572 | £92 | £665 | £9,604 | 14.5 yrs | £3,687 |
| 4 kW | 4107 kWh | 2875 kWh | 1232 kWh | £763 | £123 | £886 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,082 |
| 5 kW | 5134 kWh | 3594 kWh | 1540 kWh | £953 | £154 | £1,108 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,478 |
| 6 kW | 6161 kWh | 4313 kWh | 1848 kWh | £1,144 | £185 | £1,329 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,873 |
| 7 kW | 7188 kWh | 5032 kWh | 2156 kWh | £1,335 | £216 | £1,551 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,269 |
| 8 kW | 8215 kWh | 5750 kWh | 2464 kWh | £1,526 | £246 | £1,772 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,665 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,133, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2054 kWh | 1499 kWh | 555 kWh | £398 | £55 | £453 | £9,319 | 20.6 yrs | £-255 |
| 3 kW | 3081 kWh | 2249 kWh | 832 kWh | £597 | £83 | £680 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,242 |
| 4 kW | 4107 kWh | 2998 kWh | 1109 kWh | £795 | £111 | £906 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,740 |
| 5 kW | 5134 kWh | 3748 kWh | 1386 kWh | £994 | £139 | £1,133 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,237 |
| 6 kW | 6161 kWh | 4498 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,193 | £166 | £1,360 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,734 |
| 7 kW | 7188 kWh | 5247 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,392 | £194 | £1,586 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,232 |
| 8 kW | 8215 kWh | 5997 kWh | 2218 kWh | £1,591 | £222 | £1,813 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,729 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,150, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2054 kWh | 1540 kWh | 513 kWh | £409 | £51 | £460 | £11,069 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,869 |
| 3 kW | 3081 kWh | 2310 kWh | 770 kWh | £613 | £77 | £690 | £13,104 | 19.0 yrs | £696 |
| 4 kW | 4107 kWh | 3081 kWh | 1027 kWh | £817 | £103 | £920 | £15,138 | 16.5 yrs | £3,261 |
| 5 kW | 5134 kWh | 3851 kWh | 1284 kWh | £1,022 | £128 | £1,150 | £17,173 | 14.9 yrs | £5,827 |
| 6 kW | 6161 kWh | 4621 kWh | 1540 kWh | £1,226 | £154 | £1,380 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,392 |
| 7 kW | 7188 kWh | 5391 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,430 | £180 | £1,610 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £10,957 |
| 8 kW | 8215 kWh | 6161 kWh | 2054 kWh | £1,635 | £205 | £1,840 | £23,276 | 12.7 yrs | £13,522 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,167, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2054 kWh | 1581 kWh | 472 kWh | £420 | £47 | £467 | £13,519 | 29.0 yrs | £-4,184 |
| 3 kW | 3081 kWh | 2372 kWh | 709 kWh | £629 | £71 | £700 | £15,554 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,550 |
| 4 kW | 4107 kWh | 3163 kWh | 945 kWh | £839 | £94 | £934 | £17,588 | 18.8 yrs | £1,083 |
| 5 kW | 5134 kWh | 3953 kWh | 1181 kWh | £1,049 | £118 | £1,167 | £19,623 | 16.8 yrs | £3,716 |
| 6 kW | 6161 kWh | 4744 kWh | 1417 kWh | £1,259 | £142 | £1,400 | £21,657 | 15.5 yrs | £6,349 |
| 7 kW | 7188 kWh | 5535 kWh | 1653 kWh | £1,468 | £165 | £1,634 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £8,982 |
| 8 kW | 8215 kWh | 6325 kWh | 1889 kWh | £1,678 | £189 | £1,867 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,616 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.