A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1018 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £845, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2036 kWh | 814 kWh | 1221 kWh | £216 | £122 | £338 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,694 |
| 3 kW | 3053 kWh | 1221 kWh | 1832 kWh | £324 | £183 | £507 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,041 |
| 4 kW | 4071 kWh | 1628 kWh | 2443 kWh | £432 | £244 | £676 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,388 |
| 5 kW | 5089 kWh | 2036 kWh | 3053 kWh | £540 | £305 | £845 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,735 |
| 6 kW | 6107 kWh | 2443 kWh | 3664 kWh | £648 | £366 | £1,014 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,082 |
| 7 kW | 7125 kWh | 2850 kWh | 4275 kWh | £756 | £427 | £1,184 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,429 |
| 8 kW | 8142 kWh | 3257 kWh | 4885 kWh | £864 | £489 | £1,353 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,776 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,014, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2036 kWh | 1221 kWh | 814 kWh | £324 | £81 | £405 | £6,169 | 15.2 yrs | £1,940 |
| 3 kW | 3053 kWh | 1832 kWh | 1221 kWh | £486 | £122 | £608 | £8,204 | 13.5 yrs | £3,960 |
| 4 kW | 4071 kWh | 2443 kWh | 1628 kWh | £648 | £163 | £811 | £10,238 | 12.6 yrs | £5,980 |
| 5 kW | 5089 kWh | 3053 kWh | 2036 kWh | £810 | £204 | £1,014 | £12,273 | 12.1 yrs | £8,000 |
| 6 kW | 6107 kWh | 3664 kWh | 2443 kWh | £972 | £244 | £1,216 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £10,020 |
| 7 kW | 7125 kWh | 4275 kWh | 2850 kWh | £1,134 | £285 | £1,419 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £12,040 |
| 8 kW | 8142 kWh | 4885 kWh | 3257 kWh | £1,296 | £326 | £1,622 | £18,376 | 11.3 yrs | £14,060 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,098, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2036 kWh | 1425 kWh | 611 kWh | £378 | £61 | £439 | £7,569 | 17.2 yrs | £1,213 |
| 3 kW | 3053 kWh | 2137 kWh | 916 kWh | £567 | £92 | £659 | £9,604 | 14.6 yrs | £3,569 |
| 4 kW | 4071 kWh | 2850 kWh | 1221 kWh | £756 | £122 | £878 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,926 |
| 5 kW | 5089 kWh | 3562 kWh | 1527 kWh | £945 | £153 | £1,098 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,282 |
| 6 kW | 6107 kWh | 4275 kWh | 1832 kWh | £1,134 | £183 | £1,317 | £15,707 | 11.9 yrs | £10,639 |
| 7 kW | 7125 kWh | 4987 kWh | 2137 kWh | £1,323 | £214 | £1,537 | £17,742 | 11.5 yrs | £12,995 |
| 8 kW | 8142 kWh | 5700 kWh | 2443 kWh | £1,512 | £244 | £1,756 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,352 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,123, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2036 kWh | 1486 kWh | 550 kWh | £394 | £55 | £449 | £9,319 | 20.7 yrs | £-335 |
| 3 kW | 3053 kWh | 2229 kWh | 824 kWh | £591 | £82 | £674 | £11,354 | 16.9 yrs | £2,122 |
| 4 kW | 4071 kWh | 2972 kWh | 1099 kWh | £788 | £110 | £898 | £13,388 | 14.9 yrs | £4,580 |
| 5 kW | 5089 kWh | 3715 kWh | 1374 kWh | £986 | £137 | £1,123 | £15,423 | 13.7 yrs | £7,037 |
| 6 kW | 6107 kWh | 4458 kWh | 1649 kWh | £1,183 | £165 | £1,348 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,495 |
| 7 kW | 7125 kWh | 5201 kWh | 1924 kWh | £1,380 | £192 | £1,572 | £19,492 | 12.4 yrs | £11,952 |
| 8 kW | 8142 kWh | 5944 kWh | 2198 kWh | £1,577 | £220 | £1,797 | £21,526 | 12.0 yrs | £14,409 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,140, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2036 kWh | 1527 kWh | 509 kWh | £405 | £51 | £456 | £11,069 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,951 |
| 3 kW | 3053 kWh | 2290 kWh | 763 kWh | £608 | £76 | £684 | £13,104 | 19.2 yrs | £574 |
| 4 kW | 4071 kWh | 3053 kWh | 1018 kWh | £810 | £102 | £912 | £15,138 | 16.6 yrs | £3,099 |
| 5 kW | 5089 kWh | 3817 kWh | 1272 kWh | £1,013 | £127 | £1,140 | £17,173 | 15.1 yrs | £5,624 |
| 6 kW | 6107 kWh | 4580 kWh | 1527 kWh | £1,215 | £153 | £1,368 | £19,207 | 14.0 yrs | £8,148 |
| 7 kW | 7125 kWh | 5343 kWh | 1781 kWh | £1,418 | £178 | £1,596 | £21,242 | 13.3 yrs | £10,673 |
| 8 kW | 8142 kWh | 6107 kWh | 2036 kWh | £1,620 | £204 | £1,824 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £13,198 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2036 kWh | 1567 kWh | 468 kWh | £416 | £47 | £463 | £13,519 | 29.2 yrs | £-4,266 |
| 3 kW | 3053 kWh | 2351 kWh | 702 kWh | £624 | £70 | £694 | £15,554 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,674 |
| 4 kW | 4071 kWh | 3135 kWh | 936 kWh | £832 | £94 | £925 | £17,588 | 19.0 yrs | £918 |
| 5 kW | 5089 kWh | 3919 kWh | 1170 kWh | £1,040 | £117 | £1,157 | £19,623 | 17.0 yrs | £3,510 |
| 6 kW | 6107 kWh | 4702 kWh | 1405 kWh | £1,248 | £140 | £1,388 | £21,657 | 15.6 yrs | £6,102 |
| 7 kW | 7125 kWh | 5486 kWh | 1639 kWh | £1,455 | £164 | £1,619 | £23,692 | 14.6 yrs | £8,694 |
| 8 kW | 8142 kWh | 6270 kWh | 1873 kWh | £1,663 | £187 | £1,851 | £25,726 | 13.9 yrs | £11,286 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.