A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1011 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £840, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2022 kWh | 809 kWh | 1213 kWh | £215 | £121 | £336 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,649 |
| 3 kW | 3033 kWh | 1213 kWh | 1820 kWh | £322 | £182 | £504 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,974 |
| 4 kW | 4044 kWh | 1618 kWh | 2427 kWh | £429 | £243 | £672 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,299 |
| 5 kW | 5055 kWh | 2022 kWh | 3033 kWh | £536 | £303 | £840 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,624 |
| 6 kW | 6066 kWh | 2427 kWh | 3640 kWh | £644 | £364 | £1,008 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,948 |
| 7 kW | 7078 kWh | 2831 kWh | 4247 kWh | £751 | £425 | £1,176 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,273 |
| 8 kW | 8089 kWh | 3235 kWh | 4853 kWh | £858 | £485 | £1,344 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,598 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,007, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2022 kWh | 1213 kWh | 809 kWh | £322 | £81 | £403 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,886 |
| 3 kW | 3033 kWh | 1820 kWh | 1213 kWh | £483 | £121 | £604 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,880 |
| 4 kW | 4044 kWh | 2427 kWh | 1618 kWh | £644 | £162 | £806 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,873 |
| 5 kW | 5055 kWh | 3033 kWh | 2022 kWh | £805 | £202 | £1,007 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,866 |
| 6 kW | 6066 kWh | 3640 kWh | 2427 kWh | £966 | £243 | £1,208 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,859 |
| 7 kW | 7078 kWh | 4247 kWh | 2831 kWh | £1,127 | £283 | £1,410 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,853 |
| 8 kW | 8089 kWh | 4853 kWh | 3235 kWh | £1,288 | £324 | £1,611 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,846 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,091, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2022 kWh | 1416 kWh | 607 kWh | £376 | £61 | £436 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,155 |
| 3 kW | 3033 kWh | 2123 kWh | 910 kWh | £563 | £91 | £654 | £9,604 | 14.7 yrs | £3,482 |
| 4 kW | 4044 kWh | 2831 kWh | 1213 kWh | £751 | £121 | £872 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,810 |
| 5 kW | 5055 kWh | 3539 kWh | 1517 kWh | £939 | £152 | £1,091 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,137 |
| 6 kW | 6066 kWh | 4247 kWh | 1820 kWh | £1,127 | £182 | £1,309 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,465 |
| 7 kW | 7078 kWh | 4954 kWh | 2123 kWh | £1,314 | £212 | £1,527 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,792 |
| 8 kW | 8089 kWh | 5662 kWh | 2427 kWh | £1,502 | £243 | £1,745 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,120 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,116, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2022 kWh | 1476 kWh | 546 kWh | £392 | £55 | £446 | £9,319 | 20.9 yrs | £-394 |
| 3 kW | 3033 kWh | 2214 kWh | 819 kWh | £587 | £82 | £669 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £2,033 |
| 4 kW | 4044 kWh | 2952 kWh | 1092 kWh | £783 | £109 | £892 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,461 |
| 5 kW | 5055 kWh | 3690 kWh | 1365 kWh | £979 | £136 | £1,116 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,889 |
| 6 kW | 6066 kWh | 4429 kWh | 1638 kWh | £1,175 | £164 | £1,339 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,317 |
| 7 kW | 7078 kWh | 5167 kWh | 1911 kWh | £1,371 | £191 | £1,562 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,744 |
| 8 kW | 8089 kWh | 5905 kWh | 2184 kWh | £1,567 | £218 | £1,785 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £14,172 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,132, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2022 kWh | 1517 kWh | 506 kWh | £402 | £51 | £453 | £11,069 | 24.4 yrs | £-2,011 |
| 3 kW | 3033 kWh | 2275 kWh | 758 kWh | £604 | £76 | £679 | £13,104 | 19.3 yrs | £484 |
| 4 kW | 4044 kWh | 3033 kWh | 1011 kWh | £805 | £101 | £906 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £2,978 |
| 5 kW | 5055 kWh | 3792 kWh | 1264 kWh | £1,006 | £126 | £1,132 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,473 |
| 6 kW | 6066 kWh | 4550 kWh | 1517 kWh | £1,207 | £152 | £1,359 | £19,207 | 14.1 yrs | £7,968 |
| 7 kW | 7078 kWh | 5308 kWh | 1769 kWh | £1,408 | £177 | £1,585 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,462 |
| 8 kW | 8089 kWh | 6066 kWh | 2022 kWh | £1,609 | £202 | £1,812 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £12,957 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,149, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2022 kWh | 1557 kWh | 465 kWh | £413 | £47 | £460 | £13,519 | 29.4 yrs | £-4,327 |
| 3 kW | 3033 kWh | 2336 kWh | 698 kWh | £620 | £70 | £689 | £15,554 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,766 |
| 4 kW | 4044 kWh | 3114 kWh | 930 kWh | £826 | £93 | £919 | £17,588 | 19.1 yrs | £796 |
| 5 kW | 5055 kWh | 3893 kWh | 1163 kWh | £1,033 | £116 | £1,149 | £19,623 | 17.1 yrs | £3,357 |
| 6 kW | 6066 kWh | 4671 kWh | 1395 kWh | £1,239 | £140 | £1,379 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,919 |
| 7 kW | 7078 kWh | 5450 kWh | 1628 kWh | £1,446 | £163 | £1,609 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,480 |
| 8 kW | 8089 kWh | 6228 kWh | 1860 kWh | £1,652 | £186 | £1,838 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £11,042 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.