A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 966 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £808, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1932 kWh | 773 kWh | 1159 kWh | £207 | £116 | £323 | £4,069 | 12.6 yrs | £2,395 |
| 3 kW | 2898 kWh | 1159 kWh | 1739 kWh | £311 | £174 | £485 | £6,104 | 12.6 yrs | £3,593 |
| 4 kW | 3864 kWh | 1545 kWh | 2318 kWh | £415 | £232 | £646 | £8,138 | 12.6 yrs | £4,791 |
| 5 kW | 4829 kWh | 1932 kWh | 2898 kWh | £518 | £290 | £808 | £10,173 | 12.6 yrs | £5,989 |
| 6 kW | 5795 kWh | 2318 kWh | 3477 kWh | £622 | £348 | £970 | £12,207 | 12.6 yrs | £7,186 |
| 7 kW | 6761 kWh | 2704 kWh | 4057 kWh | £726 | £406 | £1,131 | £14,242 | 12.6 yrs | £8,384 |
| 8 kW | 7727 kWh | 3091 kWh | 4636 kWh | £829 | £464 | £1,293 | £16,276 | 12.6 yrs | £9,582 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £971, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1932 kWh | 1159 kWh | 773 kWh | £311 | £77 | £388 | £6,169 | 15.9 yrs | £1,596 |
| 3 kW | 2898 kWh | 1739 kWh | 1159 kWh | £466 | £116 | £582 | £8,204 | 14.1 yrs | £3,444 |
| 4 kW | 3864 kWh | 2318 kWh | 1545 kWh | £622 | £155 | £776 | £10,238 | 13.2 yrs | £5,292 |
| 5 kW | 4829 kWh | 2898 kWh | 1932 kWh | £777 | £193 | £971 | £12,273 | 12.6 yrs | £7,140 |
| 6 kW | 5795 kWh | 3477 kWh | 2318 kWh | £933 | £232 | £1,165 | £14,307 | 12.3 yrs | £8,988 |
| 7 kW | 6761 kWh | 4057 kWh | 2704 kWh | £1,088 | £270 | £1,359 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,836 |
| 8 kW | 7727 kWh | 4636 kWh | 3091 kWh | £1,244 | £309 | £1,553 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,684 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,052, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1932 kWh | 1352 kWh | 580 kWh | £363 | £58 | £421 | £7,569 | 18.0 yrs | £846 |
| 3 kW | 2898 kWh | 2028 kWh | 869 kWh | £544 | £87 | £631 | £9,604 | 15.2 yrs | £3,019 |
| 4 kW | 3864 kWh | 2704 kWh | 1159 kWh | £726 | £116 | £842 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,192 |
| 5 kW | 4829 kWh | 3381 kWh | 1449 kWh | £907 | £145 | £1,052 | £13,673 | 13.0 yrs | £7,366 |
| 6 kW | 5795 kWh | 4057 kWh | 1739 kWh | £1,088 | £174 | £1,262 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,539 |
| 7 kW | 6761 kWh | 4733 kWh | 2028 kWh | £1,270 | £203 | £1,473 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,712 |
| 8 kW | 7727 kWh | 5409 kWh | 2318 kWh | £1,451 | £232 | £1,683 | £19,776 | 11.8 yrs | £13,885 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,076, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1932 kWh | 1410 kWh | 522 kWh | £378 | £52 | £431 | £9,319 | 21.6 yrs | £-709 |
| 3 kW | 2898 kWh | 2115 kWh | 782 kWh | £568 | £78 | £646 | £11,354 | 17.6 yrs | £1,562 |
| 4 kW | 3864 kWh | 2820 kWh | 1043 kWh | £757 | £104 | £861 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,833 |
| 5 kW | 4829 kWh | 3525 kWh | 1304 kWh | £946 | £130 | £1,076 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,103 |
| 6 kW | 5795 kWh | 4231 kWh | 1565 kWh | £1,135 | £156 | £1,292 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,374 |
| 7 kW | 6761 kWh | 4936 kWh | 1826 kWh | £1,324 | £183 | £1,507 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,644 |
| 8 kW | 7727 kWh | 5641 kWh | 2086 kWh | £1,513 | £209 | £1,722 | £21,526 | 12.5 yrs | £12,915 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,093, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1932 kWh | 1449 kWh | 483 kWh | £389 | £48 | £437 | £11,069 | 25.3 yrs | £-2,329 |
| 3 kW | 2898 kWh | 2173 kWh | 724 kWh | £583 | £72 | £656 | £13,104 | 20.0 yrs | £7 |
| 4 kW | 3864 kWh | 2898 kWh | 966 kWh | £777 | £97 | £874 | £15,138 | 17.3 yrs | £2,343 |
| 5 kW | 4829 kWh | 3622 kWh | 1207 kWh | £972 | £121 | £1,093 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,678 |
| 6 kW | 5795 kWh | 4347 kWh | 1449 kWh | £1,166 | £145 | £1,311 | £19,207 | 14.7 yrs | £7,014 |
| 7 kW | 6761 kWh | 5071 kWh | 1690 kWh | £1,361 | £169 | £1,530 | £21,242 | 13.9 yrs | £9,350 |
| 8 kW | 7727 kWh | 5795 kWh | 1932 kWh | £1,555 | £193 | £1,748 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,685 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,109, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1932 kWh | 1487 kWh | 444 kWh | £399 | £44 | £444 | £13,519 | 30.5 yrs | £-4,649 |
| 3 kW | 2898 kWh | 2231 kWh | 666 kWh | £599 | £67 | £665 | £15,554 | 23.4 yrs | £-2,248 |
| 4 kW | 3864 kWh | 2975 kWh | 889 kWh | £798 | £89 | £887 | £17,588 | 19.8 yrs | £153 |
| 5 kW | 4829 kWh | 3719 kWh | 1111 kWh | £998 | £111 | £1,109 | £19,623 | 17.7 yrs | £2,553 |
| 6 kW | 5795 kWh | 4462 kWh | 1333 kWh | £1,197 | £133 | £1,331 | £21,657 | 16.3 yrs | £4,954 |
| 7 kW | 6761 kWh | 5206 kWh | 1555 kWh | £1,397 | £156 | £1,552 | £23,692 | 15.3 yrs | £7,355 |
| 8 kW | 7727 kWh | 5950 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,596 | £178 | £1,774 | £25,726 | 14.5 yrs | £9,755 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.