A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 951 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £771, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1902 kWh | 761 kWh | 1141 kWh | £194 | £114 | £309 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,101 |
| 3 kW | 2853 kWh | 1141 kWh | 1712 kWh | £292 | £171 | £463 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,152 |
| 4 kW | 3804 kWh | 1522 kWh | 2282 kWh | £389 | £228 | £617 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,202 |
| 5 kW | 4755 kWh | 1902 kWh | 2853 kWh | £486 | £285 | £771 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,253 |
| 6 kW | 5706 kWh | 2282 kWh | 3424 kWh | £583 | £342 | £926 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,303 |
| 7 kW | 6657 kWh | 2663 kWh | 3994 kWh | £680 | £399 | £1,080 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,354 |
| 8 kW | 7608 kWh | 3043 kWh | 4565 kWh | £778 | £456 | £1,234 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,405 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £919, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1902 kWh | 1141 kWh | 761 kWh | £292 | £76 | £368 | £6,169 | 16.8 yrs | £1,184 |
| 3 kW | 2853 kWh | 1712 kWh | 1141 kWh | £437 | £114 | £551 | £8,204 | 14.9 yrs | £2,826 |
| 4 kW | 3804 kWh | 2282 kWh | 1522 kWh | £583 | £152 | £735 | £10,238 | 13.9 yrs | £4,468 |
| 5 kW | 4755 kWh | 2853 kWh | 1902 kWh | £729 | £190 | £919 | £12,273 | 13.4 yrs | £6,110 |
| 6 kW | 5706 kWh | 3424 kWh | 2282 kWh | £875 | £228 | £1,103 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,753 |
| 7 kW | 6657 kWh | 3994 kWh | 2663 kWh | £1,021 | £266 | £1,287 | £16,342 | 12.7 yrs | £9,395 |
| 8 kW | 7608 kWh | 4565 kWh | 3043 kWh | £1,166 | £304 | £1,471 | £18,376 | 12.5 yrs | £11,037 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £993, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1902 kWh | 1331 kWh | 571 kWh | £340 | £57 | £397 | £7,569 | 19.1 yrs | £376 |
| 3 kW | 2853 kWh | 1997 kWh | 856 kWh | £510 | £86 | £596 | £9,604 | 16.1 yrs | £2,314 |
| 4 kW | 3804 kWh | 2663 kWh | 1141 kWh | £680 | £114 | £794 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,251 |
| 5 kW | 4755 kWh | 3329 kWh | 1427 kWh | £850 | £143 | £993 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,189 |
| 6 kW | 5706 kWh | 3994 kWh | 1712 kWh | £1,021 | £171 | £1,192 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,127 |
| 7 kW | 6657 kWh | 4660 kWh | 1997 kWh | £1,191 | £200 | £1,390 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £10,065 |
| 8 kW | 7608 kWh | 5326 kWh | 2282 kWh | £1,361 | £228 | £1,589 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,003 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,015, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1902 kWh | 1388 kWh | 514 kWh | £355 | £51 | £406 | £9,319 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,197 |
| 3 kW | 2853 kWh | 2083 kWh | 770 kWh | £532 | £77 | £609 | £11,354 | 18.6 yrs | £830 |
| 4 kW | 3804 kWh | 2777 kWh | 1027 kWh | £710 | £103 | £812 | £13,388 | 16.5 yrs | £2,856 |
| 5 kW | 4755 kWh | 3471 kWh | 1284 kWh | £887 | £128 | £1,015 | £15,423 | 15.2 yrs | £4,883 |
| 6 kW | 5706 kWh | 4165 kWh | 1541 kWh | £1,064 | £154 | £1,218 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £6,910 |
| 7 kW | 6657 kWh | 4860 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,242 | £180 | £1,421 | £19,492 | 13.7 yrs | £8,936 |
| 8 kW | 7608 kWh | 5554 kWh | 2054 kWh | £1,419 | £205 | £1,624 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,963 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,030, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1902 kWh | 1427 kWh | 476 kWh | £364 | £48 | £412 | £11,069 | 26.9 yrs | £-2,829 |
| 3 kW | 2853 kWh | 2140 kWh | 713 kWh | £547 | £71 | £618 | £13,104 | 21.2 yrs | £-743 |
| 4 kW | 3804 kWh | 2853 kWh | 951 kWh | £729 | £95 | £824 | £15,138 | 18.4 yrs | £1,343 |
| 5 kW | 4755 kWh | 3566 kWh | 1189 kWh | £911 | £119 | £1,030 | £17,173 | 16.7 yrs | £3,429 |
| 6 kW | 5706 kWh | 4280 kWh | 1427 kWh | £1,093 | £143 | £1,236 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,514 |
| 7 kW | 6657 kWh | 4993 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,276 | £166 | £1,442 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,600 |
| 8 kW | 7608 kWh | 5706 kWh | 1902 kWh | £1,458 | £190 | £1,648 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,686 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,045, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1902 kWh | 1465 kWh | 437 kWh | £374 | £44 | £418 | £13,519 | 32.3 yrs | £-5,160 |
| 3 kW | 2853 kWh | 2197 kWh | 656 kWh | £561 | £66 | £627 | £15,554 | 24.8 yrs | £-3,015 |
| 4 kW | 3804 kWh | 2929 kWh | 875 kWh | £748 | £87 | £836 | £17,588 | 21.0 yrs | £-870 |
| 5 kW | 4755 kWh | 3661 kWh | 1094 kWh | £935 | £109 | £1,045 | £19,623 | 18.8 yrs | £1,274 |
| 6 kW | 5706 kWh | 4394 kWh | 1312 kWh | £1,123 | £131 | £1,254 | £21,657 | 17.3 yrs | £3,419 |
| 7 kW | 6657 kWh | 5126 kWh | 1531 kWh | £1,310 | £153 | £1,463 | £23,692 | 16.2 yrs | £5,564 |
| 8 kW | 7608 kWh | 5858 kWh | 1750 kWh | £1,497 | £175 | £1,672 | £25,726 | 15.4 yrs | £7,709 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.