A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 858 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £694, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1716 kWh | 687 kWh | 1030 kWh | £175 | £103 | £278 | £4,069 | 14.7 yrs | £1,483 |
| 3 kW | 2575 kWh | 1030 kWh | 1545 kWh | £262 | £154 | £416 | £6,104 | 14.7 yrs | £2,224 |
| 4 kW | 3433 kWh | 1373 kWh | 2060 kWh | £349 | £206 | £555 | £8,138 | 14.7 yrs | £2,965 |
| 5 kW | 4291 kWh | 1716 kWh | 2575 kWh | £436 | £257 | £694 | £10,173 | 14.7 yrs | £3,707 |
| 6 kW | 5149 kWh | 2060 kWh | 3090 kWh | £524 | £309 | £833 | £12,207 | 14.7 yrs | £4,448 |
| 7 kW | 6008 kWh | 2403 kWh | 3605 kWh | £611 | £360 | £972 | £14,242 | 14.7 yrs | £5,189 |
| 8 kW | 6866 kWh | 2746 kWh | 4120 kWh | £698 | £412 | £1,110 | £16,276 | 14.7 yrs | £5,931 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £826, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1716 kWh | 1030 kWh | 687 kWh | £262 | £69 | £331 | £6,169 | 18.7 yrs | £442 |
| 3 kW | 2575 kWh | 1545 kWh | 1030 kWh | £393 | £103 | £496 | £8,204 | 16.5 yrs | £1,713 |
| 4 kW | 3433 kWh | 2060 kWh | 1373 kWh | £524 | £137 | £661 | £10,238 | 15.5 yrs | £2,984 |
| 5 kW | 4291 kWh | 2575 kWh | 1716 kWh | £655 | £172 | £826 | £12,273 | 14.9 yrs | £4,255 |
| 6 kW | 5149 kWh | 3090 kWh | 2060 kWh | £786 | £206 | £992 | £14,307 | 14.4 yrs | £5,526 |
| 7 kW | 6008 kWh | 3605 kWh | 2403 kWh | £917 | £240 | £1,157 | £16,342 | 14.1 yrs | £6,797 |
| 8 kW | 6866 kWh | 4120 kWh | 2746 kWh | £1,048 | £275 | £1,322 | £18,376 | 13.9 yrs | £8,068 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £893, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1716 kWh | 1202 kWh | 515 kWh | £306 | £51 | £357 | £7,569 | 21.2 yrs | £-428 |
| 3 kW | 2575 kWh | 1802 kWh | 772 kWh | £458 | £77 | £536 | £9,604 | 17.9 yrs | £1,108 |
| 4 kW | 3433 kWh | 2403 kWh | 1030 kWh | £611 | £103 | £714 | £11,638 | 16.3 yrs | £2,644 |
| 5 kW | 4291 kWh | 3004 kWh | 1287 kWh | £764 | £129 | £893 | £13,673 | 15.3 yrs | £4,179 |
| 6 kW | 5149 kWh | 3605 kWh | 1545 kWh | £917 | £154 | £1,071 | £15,707 | 14.7 yrs | £5,715 |
| 7 kW | 6008 kWh | 4205 kWh | 1802 kWh | £1,069 | £180 | £1,250 | £17,742 | 14.2 yrs | £7,251 |
| 8 kW | 6866 kWh | 4806 kWh | 2060 kWh | £1,222 | £206 | £1,428 | £19,776 | 13.8 yrs | £8,787 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £912, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1716 kWh | 1253 kWh | 463 kWh | £319 | £46 | £365 | £9,319 | 25.5 yrs | £-2,019 |
| 3 kW | 2575 kWh | 1880 kWh | 695 kWh | £478 | £70 | £547 | £11,354 | 20.7 yrs | £-404 |
| 4 kW | 3433 kWh | 2506 kWh | 927 kWh | £637 | £93 | £730 | £13,388 | 18.3 yrs | £1,211 |
| 5 kW | 4291 kWh | 3133 kWh | 1159 kWh | £797 | £116 | £912 | £15,423 | 16.9 yrs | £2,827 |
| 6 kW | 5149 kWh | 3759 kWh | 1390 kWh | £956 | £139 | £1,095 | £17,457 | 15.9 yrs | £4,442 |
| 7 kW | 6008 kWh | 4386 kWh | 1622 kWh | £1,115 | £162 | £1,277 | £19,492 | 15.3 yrs | £6,057 |
| 8 kW | 6866 kWh | 5012 kWh | 1854 kWh | £1,275 | £185 | £1,460 | £21,526 | 14.7 yrs | £7,673 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £926, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1716 kWh | 1287 kWh | 429 kWh | £327 | £43 | £370 | £11,069 | 29.9 yrs | £-3,663 |
| 3 kW | 2575 kWh | 1931 kWh | 644 kWh | £491 | £64 | £555 | £13,104 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,995 |
| 4 kW | 3433 kWh | 2575 kWh | 858 kWh | £655 | £86 | £741 | £15,138 | 20.4 yrs | £-327 |
| 5 kW | 4291 kWh | 3218 kWh | 1073 kWh | £818 | £107 | £926 | £17,173 | 18.6 yrs | £1,342 |
| 6 kW | 5149 kWh | 3862 kWh | 1287 kWh | £982 | £129 | £1,111 | £19,207 | 17.3 yrs | £3,010 |
| 7 kW | 6008 kWh | 4506 kWh | 1502 kWh | £1,146 | £150 | £1,296 | £21,242 | 16.4 yrs | £4,678 |
| 8 kW | 6866 kWh | 5149 kWh | 1716 kWh | £1,309 | £172 | £1,481 | £23,276 | 15.7 yrs | £6,347 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1716 kWh | 1322 kWh | 395 kWh | £336 | £39 | £376 | £13,519 | 36.0 yrs | £-6,007 |
| 3 kW | 2575 kWh | 1983 kWh | 592 kWh | £504 | £59 | £563 | £15,554 | 27.6 yrs | £-4,286 |
| 4 kW | 3433 kWh | 2643 kWh | 790 kWh | £672 | £79 | £751 | £17,588 | 23.4 yrs | £-2,565 |
| 5 kW | 4291 kWh | 3304 kWh | 987 kWh | £840 | £99 | £939 | £19,623 | 20.9 yrs | £-844 |
| 6 kW | 5149 kWh | 3965 kWh | 1184 kWh | £1,008 | £118 | £1,127 | £21,657 | 19.2 yrs | £878 |
| 7 kW | 6008 kWh | 4626 kWh | 1382 kWh | £1,176 | £138 | £1,315 | £23,692 | 18.0 yrs | £2,599 |
| 8 kW | 6866 kWh | 5287 kWh | 1579 kWh | £1,344 | £158 | £1,502 | £25,726 | 17.1 yrs | £4,320 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.