A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 911 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £737, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1822 kWh | 729 kWh | 1093 kWh | £185 | £109 | £295 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,825 |
| 3 kW | 2733 kWh | 1093 kWh | 1640 kWh | £278 | £164 | £442 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,737 |
| 4 kW | 3644 kWh | 1458 kWh | 2187 kWh | £371 | £219 | £589 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,650 |
| 5 kW | 4556 kWh | 1822 kWh | 2733 kWh | £463 | £273 | £737 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,562 |
| 6 kW | 5467 kWh | 2187 kWh | 3280 kWh | £556 | £328 | £884 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,474 |
| 7 kW | 6378 kWh | 2551 kWh | 3827 kWh | £649 | £383 | £1,031 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,387 |
| 8 kW | 7289 kWh | 2916 kWh | 4373 kWh | £741 | £437 | £1,179 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,299 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £877, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1822 kWh | 1093 kWh | 729 kWh | £278 | £73 | £351 | £6,169 | 17.6 yrs | £850 |
| 3 kW | 2733 kWh | 1640 kWh | 1093 kWh | £417 | £109 | £526 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,324 |
| 4 kW | 3644 kWh | 2187 kWh | 1458 kWh | £556 | £146 | £702 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,799 |
| 5 kW | 4556 kWh | 2733 kWh | 1822 kWh | £695 | £182 | £877 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,274 |
| 6 kW | 5467 kWh | 3280 kWh | 2187 kWh | £834 | £219 | £1,053 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,749 |
| 7 kW | 6378 kWh | 3827 kWh | 2551 kWh | £973 | £255 | £1,228 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,223 |
| 8 kW | 7289 kWh | 4373 kWh | 2916 kWh | £1,112 | £292 | £1,404 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,698 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £948, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1822 kWh | 1276 kWh | 547 kWh | £324 | £55 | £379 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £12 |
| 3 kW | 2733 kWh | 1913 kWh | 820 kWh | £487 | £82 | £569 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,768 |
| 4 kW | 3644 kWh | 2551 kWh | 1093 kWh | £649 | £109 | £758 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,524 |
| 5 kW | 4556 kWh | 3189 kWh | 1367 kWh | £811 | £137 | £948 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,280 |
| 6 kW | 5467 kWh | 3827 kWh | 1640 kWh | £973 | £164 | £1,137 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,036 |
| 7 kW | 6378 kWh | 4464 kWh | 1913 kWh | £1,135 | £191 | £1,327 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,792 |
| 8 kW | 7289 kWh | 5102 kWh | 2187 kWh | £1,298 | £219 | £1,516 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,547 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £969, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1822 kWh | 1330 kWh | 492 kWh | £338 | £49 | £387 | £9,319 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,569 |
| 3 kW | 2733 kWh | 1995 kWh | 738 kWh | £507 | £74 | £581 | £11,354 | 19.5 yrs | £271 |
| 4 kW | 3644 kWh | 2660 kWh | 984 kWh | £677 | £98 | £775 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,111 |
| 5 kW | 4556 kWh | 3326 kWh | 1230 kWh | £846 | £123 | £969 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £3,951 |
| 6 kW | 5467 kWh | 3991 kWh | 1476 kWh | £1,015 | £148 | £1,162 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,792 |
| 7 kW | 6378 kWh | 4656 kWh | 1722 kWh | £1,184 | £172 | £1,356 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,632 |
| 8 kW | 7289 kWh | 5321 kWh | 1968 kWh | £1,353 | £197 | £1,550 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,472 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £983, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1822 kWh | 1367 kWh | 456 kWh | £348 | £46 | £393 | £11,069 | 28.2 yrs | £-3,207 |
| 3 kW | 2733 kWh | 2050 kWh | 683 kWh | £521 | £68 | £590 | £13,104 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,310 |
| 4 kW | 3644 kWh | 2733 kWh | 911 kWh | £695 | £91 | £786 | £15,138 | 19.3 yrs | £586 |
| 5 kW | 4556 kWh | 3417 kWh | 1139 kWh | £869 | £114 | £983 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,483 |
| 6 kW | 5467 kWh | 4100 kWh | 1367 kWh | £1,043 | £137 | £1,179 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,379 |
| 7 kW | 6378 kWh | 4783 kWh | 1594 kWh | £1,216 | £159 | £1,376 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,276 |
| 8 kW | 7289 kWh | 5467 kWh | 1822 kWh | £1,390 | £182 | £1,572 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,172 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £997, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1822 kWh | 1403 kWh | 419 kWh | £357 | £42 | £399 | £13,519 | 33.9 yrs | £-5,544 |
| 3 kW | 2733 kWh | 2105 kWh | 629 kWh | £535 | £63 | £598 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,592 |
| 4 kW | 3644 kWh | 2806 kWh | 838 kWh | £714 | £84 | £797 | £17,588 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,639 |
| 5 kW | 4556 kWh | 3508 kWh | 1048 kWh | £892 | £105 | £997 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £314 |
| 6 kW | 5467 kWh | 4209 kWh | 1257 kWh | £1,070 | £126 | £1,196 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,267 |
| 7 kW | 6378 kWh | 4911 kWh | 1467 kWh | £1,249 | £147 | £1,396 | £23,692 | 17.0 yrs | £4,219 |
| 8 kW | 7289 kWh | 5612 kWh | 1676 kWh | £1,427 | £168 | £1,595 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,172 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.