A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 988 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £803, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1977 kWh | 791 kWh | 1186 kWh | £203 | £119 | £321 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,357 |
| 3 kW | 2965 kWh | 1186 kWh | 1779 kWh | £304 | £178 | £482 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,535 |
| 4 kW | 3954 kWh | 1582 kWh | 2372 kWh | £405 | £237 | £643 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,713 |
| 5 kW | 4942 kWh | 1977 kWh | 2965 kWh | £507 | £297 | £803 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,892 |
| 6 kW | 5931 kWh | 2372 kWh | 3558 kWh | £608 | £356 | £964 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £7,070 |
| 7 kW | 6919 kWh | 2768 kWh | 4151 kWh | £709 | £415 | £1,124 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,248 |
| 8 kW | 7908 kWh | 3163 kWh | 4745 kWh | £811 | £474 | £1,285 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,427 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £958, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1977 kWh | 1186 kWh | 791 kWh | £304 | £79 | £383 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,493 |
| 3 kW | 2965 kWh | 1779 kWh | 1186 kWh | £456 | £119 | £575 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,289 |
| 4 kW | 3954 kWh | 2372 kWh | 1582 kWh | £608 | £158 | £766 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £5,085 |
| 5 kW | 4942 kWh | 2965 kWh | 1977 kWh | £760 | £198 | £958 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,881 |
| 6 kW | 5931 kWh | 3558 kWh | 2372 kWh | £912 | £237 | £1,149 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,678 |
| 7 kW | 6919 kWh | 4151 kWh | 2768 kWh | £1,064 | £277 | £1,341 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,474 |
| 8 kW | 7908 kWh | 4745 kWh | 3163 kWh | £1,216 | £316 | £1,532 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,270 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,035, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1977 kWh | 1384 kWh | 593 kWh | £355 | £59 | £414 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £711 |
| 3 kW | 2965 kWh | 2076 kWh | 890 kWh | £532 | £89 | £621 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,816 |
| 4 kW | 3954 kWh | 2768 kWh | 1186 kWh | £709 | £119 | £828 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,921 |
| 5 kW | 4942 kWh | 3460 kWh | 1483 kWh | £887 | £148 | £1,035 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,026 |
| 6 kW | 5931 kWh | 4151 kWh | 1779 kWh | £1,064 | £178 | £1,242 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,132 |
| 7 kW | 6919 kWh | 4843 kWh | 2076 kWh | £1,241 | £208 | £1,449 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,237 |
| 8 kW | 7908 kWh | 5535 kWh | 2372 kWh | £1,419 | £237 | £1,656 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,342 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,058, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1977 kWh | 1443 kWh | 534 kWh | £370 | £53 | £423 | £9,319 | 22.0 yrs | £-854 |
| 3 kW | 2965 kWh | 2165 kWh | 801 kWh | £555 | £80 | £635 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,344 |
| 4 kW | 3954 kWh | 2886 kWh | 1068 kWh | £740 | £107 | £846 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,542 |
| 5 kW | 4942 kWh | 3608 kWh | 1334 kWh | £925 | £133 | £1,058 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,740 |
| 6 kW | 5931 kWh | 4329 kWh | 1601 kWh | £1,110 | £160 | £1,270 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £7,938 |
| 7 kW | 6919 kWh | 5051 kWh | 1868 kWh | £1,295 | £187 | £1,481 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,136 |
| 8 kW | 7908 kWh | 5772 kWh | 2135 kWh | £1,479 | £214 | £1,693 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,334 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,074, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1977 kWh | 1483 kWh | 494 kWh | £380 | £49 | £429 | £11,069 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,480 |
| 3 kW | 2965 kWh | 2224 kWh | 741 kWh | £570 | £74 | £644 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-221 |
| 4 kW | 3954 kWh | 2965 kWh | 988 kWh | £760 | £99 | £859 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,039 |
| 5 kW | 4942 kWh | 3707 kWh | 1236 kWh | £950 | £124 | £1,074 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,299 |
| 6 kW | 5931 kWh | 4448 kWh | 1483 kWh | £1,140 | £148 | £1,288 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,559 |
| 7 kW | 6919 kWh | 5189 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,330 | £173 | £1,503 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,818 |
| 8 kW | 7908 kWh | 5931 kWh | 1977 kWh | £1,520 | £198 | £1,718 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £11,078 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,089, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1977 kWh | 1522 kWh | 455 kWh | £390 | £45 | £436 | £13,519 | 31.0 yrs | £-4,807 |
| 3 kW | 2965 kWh | 2283 kWh | 682 kWh | £585 | £68 | £653 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,485 |
| 4 kW | 3954 kWh | 3044 kWh | 909 kWh | £780 | £91 | £871 | £17,588 | 20.2 yrs | £-164 |
| 5 kW | 4942 kWh | 3805 kWh | 1137 kWh | £975 | £114 | £1,089 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,158 |
| 6 kW | 5931 kWh | 4567 kWh | 1364 kWh | £1,170 | £136 | £1,307 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,479 |
| 7 kW | 6919 kWh | 5328 kWh | 1591 kWh | £1,365 | £159 | £1,525 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,801 |
| 8 kW | 7908 kWh | 6089 kWh | 1819 kWh | £1,561 | £182 | £1,742 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £9,123 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.