A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 833 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £681, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 667 kWh | 1000 kWh | £172 | £100 | £272 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,376 |
| 3 kW | 2500 kWh | 1000 kWh | 1500 kWh | £258 | £150 | £408 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,064 |
| 4 kW | 3333 kWh | 1333 kWh | 2000 kWh | £344 | £200 | £544 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,752 |
| 5 kW | 4166 kWh | 1666 kWh | 2500 kWh | £431 | £250 | £681 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,439 |
| 6 kW | 5000 kWh | 2000 kWh | 3000 kWh | £517 | £300 | £817 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,127 |
| 7 kW | 5833 kWh | 2333 kWh | 3500 kWh | £603 | £350 | £953 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,815 |
| 8 kW | 6666 kWh | 2666 kWh | 4000 kWh | £689 | £400 | £1,089 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,503 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £813, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1000 kWh | 667 kWh | £258 | £67 | £325 | £6,169 | 19.0 yrs | £332 |
| 3 kW | 2500 kWh | 1500 kWh | 1000 kWh | £388 | £100 | £488 | £8,204 | 16.8 yrs | £1,547 |
| 4 kW | 3333 kWh | 2000 kWh | 1333 kWh | £517 | £133 | £650 | £10,238 | 15.7 yrs | £2,763 |
| 5 kW | 4166 kWh | 2500 kWh | 1666 kWh | £646 | £167 | £813 | £12,273 | 15.1 yrs | £3,979 |
| 6 kW | 5000 kWh | 3000 kWh | 2000 kWh | £775 | £200 | £975 | £14,307 | 14.7 yrs | £5,195 |
| 7 kW | 5833 kWh | 3500 kWh | 2333 kWh | £904 | £233 | £1,138 | £16,342 | 14.4 yrs | £6,411 |
| 8 kW | 6666 kWh | 4000 kWh | 2666 kWh | £1,033 | £267 | £1,300 | £18,376 | 14.1 yrs | £7,627 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £879, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1167 kWh | 500 kWh | £301 | £50 | £351 | £7,569 | 21.5 yrs | £-540 |
| 3 kW | 2500 kWh | 1750 kWh | 750 kWh | £452 | £75 | £527 | £9,604 | 18.2 yrs | £939 |
| 4 kW | 3333 kWh | 2333 kWh | 1000 kWh | £603 | £100 | £703 | £11,638 | 16.6 yrs | £2,419 |
| 5 kW | 4166 kWh | 2916 kWh | 1250 kWh | £754 | £125 | £879 | £13,673 | 15.6 yrs | £3,899 |
| 6 kW | 5000 kWh | 3500 kWh | 1500 kWh | £904 | £150 | £1,054 | £15,707 | 14.9 yrs | £5,379 |
| 7 kW | 5833 kWh | 4083 kWh | 1750 kWh | £1,055 | £175 | £1,230 | £17,742 | 14.4 yrs | £6,859 |
| 8 kW | 6666 kWh | 4666 kWh | 2000 kWh | £1,206 | £200 | £1,406 | £19,776 | 14.1 yrs | £8,338 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £898, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1217 kWh | 450 kWh | £314 | £45 | £359 | £9,319 | 25.9 yrs | £-2,132 |
| 3 kW | 2500 kWh | 1825 kWh | 675 kWh | £472 | £67 | £539 | £11,354 | 21.1 yrs | £-573 |
| 4 kW | 3333 kWh | 2433 kWh | 900 kWh | £629 | £90 | £719 | £13,388 | 18.6 yrs | £986 |
| 5 kW | 4166 kWh | 3041 kWh | 1125 kWh | £786 | £112 | £898 | £15,423 | 17.2 yrs | £2,545 |
| 6 kW | 5000 kWh | 3650 kWh | 1350 kWh | £943 | £135 | £1,078 | £17,457 | 16.2 yrs | £4,104 |
| 7 kW | 5833 kWh | 4258 kWh | 1575 kWh | £1,100 | £157 | £1,258 | £19,492 | 15.5 yrs | £5,663 |
| 8 kW | 6666 kWh | 4866 kWh | 1800 kWh | £1,257 | £180 | £1,437 | £21,526 | 15.0 yrs | £7,222 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £912, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1250 kWh | 417 kWh | £323 | £42 | £365 | £11,069 | 30.4 yrs | £-3,776 |
| 3 kW | 2500 kWh | 1875 kWh | 625 kWh | £484 | £62 | £547 | £13,104 | 24.0 yrs | £-2,165 |
| 4 kW | 3333 kWh | 2500 kWh | 833 kWh | £646 | £83 | £729 | £15,138 | 20.8 yrs | £-553 |
| 5 kW | 4166 kWh | 3125 kWh | 1042 kWh | £807 | £104 | £912 | £17,173 | 18.8 yrs | £1,059 |
| 6 kW | 5000 kWh | 3750 kWh | 1250 kWh | £969 | £125 | £1,094 | £19,207 | 17.6 yrs | £2,671 |
| 7 kW | 5833 kWh | 4375 kWh | 1458 kWh | £1,130 | £146 | £1,276 | £21,242 | 16.6 yrs | £4,283 |
| 8 kW | 6666 kWh | 5000 kWh | 1666 kWh | £1,292 | £167 | £1,459 | £23,276 | 16.0 yrs | £5,894 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £925, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1666 kWh | 1283 kWh | 383 kWh | £332 | £38 | £370 | £13,519 | 36.5 yrs | £-6,121 |
| 3 kW | 2500 kWh | 1925 kWh | 575 kWh | £497 | £57 | £555 | £15,554 | 28.0 yrs | £-4,456 |
| 4 kW | 3333 kWh | 2566 kWh | 767 kWh | £663 | £77 | £740 | £17,588 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,792 |
| 5 kW | 4166 kWh | 3208 kWh | 958 kWh | £829 | £96 | £925 | £19,623 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,127 |
| 6 kW | 5000 kWh | 3850 kWh | 1150 kWh | £995 | £115 | £1,110 | £21,657 | 19.5 yrs | £538 |
| 7 kW | 5833 kWh | 4491 kWh | 1342 kWh | £1,161 | £134 | £1,295 | £23,692 | 18.3 yrs | £2,202 |
| 8 kW | 6666 kWh | 5133 kWh | 1533 kWh | £1,326 | £153 | £1,480 | £25,726 | 17.4 yrs | £3,867 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.