A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 982 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £796, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 786 kWh | 1179 kWh | £201 | £118 | £319 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,303 |
| 3 kW | 2946 kWh | 1179 kWh | 1768 kWh | £301 | £177 | £478 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,454 |
| 4 kW | 3928 kWh | 1571 kWh | 2357 kWh | £401 | £236 | £637 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,606 |
| 5 kW | 4910 kWh | 1964 kWh | 2946 kWh | £502 | £295 | £796 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,757 |
| 6 kW | 5893 kWh | 2357 kWh | 3536 kWh | £602 | £354 | £956 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,909 |
| 7 kW | 6875 kWh | 2750 kWh | 4125 kWh | £703 | £412 | £1,115 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £8,060 |
| 8 kW | 7857 kWh | 3143 kWh | 4714 kWh | £803 | £471 | £1,274 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,211 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £949, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1179 kWh | 786 kWh | £301 | £79 | £380 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,425 |
| 3 kW | 2946 kWh | 1768 kWh | 1179 kWh | £452 | £118 | £570 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,187 |
| 4 kW | 3928 kWh | 2357 kWh | 1571 kWh | £602 | £157 | £759 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,949 |
| 5 kW | 4910 kWh | 2946 kWh | 1964 kWh | £753 | £196 | £949 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,711 |
| 6 kW | 5893 kWh | 3536 kWh | 2357 kWh | £903 | £236 | £1,139 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,474 |
| 7 kW | 6875 kWh | 4125 kWh | 2750 kWh | £1,054 | £275 | £1,329 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,236 |
| 8 kW | 7857 kWh | 4714 kWh | 3143 kWh | £1,204 | £314 | £1,519 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £11,998 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1375 kWh | 589 kWh | £351 | £59 | £410 | £7,569 | 18.5 yrs | £635 |
| 3 kW | 2946 kWh | 2062 kWh | 884 kWh | £527 | £88 | £615 | £9,604 | 15.6 yrs | £2,703 |
| 4 kW | 3928 kWh | 2750 kWh | 1179 kWh | £703 | £118 | £820 | £11,638 | 14.2 yrs | £4,771 |
| 5 kW | 4910 kWh | 3437 kWh | 1473 kWh | £878 | £147 | £1,026 | £13,673 | 13.3 yrs | £6,839 |
| 6 kW | 5893 kWh | 4125 kWh | 1768 kWh | £1,054 | £177 | £1,231 | £15,707 | 12.8 yrs | £8,906 |
| 7 kW | 6875 kWh | 4812 kWh | 2062 kWh | £1,230 | £206 | £1,436 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,974 |
| 8 kW | 7857 kWh | 5500 kWh | 2357 kWh | £1,405 | £236 | £1,641 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £13,042 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,048, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1434 kWh | 530 kWh | £366 | £53 | £419 | £9,319 | 22.2 yrs | £-931 |
| 3 kW | 2946 kWh | 2151 kWh | 796 kWh | £550 | £80 | £629 | £11,354 | 18.0 yrs | £1,228 |
| 4 kW | 3928 kWh | 2868 kWh | 1061 kWh | £733 | £106 | £839 | £13,388 | 16.0 yrs | £3,387 |
| 5 kW | 4910 kWh | 3585 kWh | 1326 kWh | £916 | £133 | £1,048 | £15,423 | 14.7 yrs | £5,547 |
| 6 kW | 5893 kWh | 4302 kWh | 1591 kWh | £1,099 | £159 | £1,258 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,706 |
| 7 kW | 6875 kWh | 5019 kWh | 1856 kWh | £1,282 | £186 | £1,468 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,865 |
| 8 kW | 7857 kWh | 5735 kWh | 2121 kWh | £1,465 | £212 | £1,678 | £21,526 | 12.8 yrs | £12,025 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,064, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1473 kWh | 491 kWh | £376 | £49 | £425 | £11,069 | 26.0 yrs | £-2,559 |
| 3 kW | 2946 kWh | 2210 kWh | 737 kWh | £565 | £74 | £638 | £13,104 | 20.5 yrs | £-339 |
| 4 kW | 3928 kWh | 2946 kWh | 982 kWh | £753 | £98 | £851 | £15,138 | 17.8 yrs | £1,882 |
| 5 kW | 4910 kWh | 3683 kWh | 1228 kWh | £941 | £123 | £1,064 | £17,173 | 16.1 yrs | £4,102 |
| 6 kW | 5893 kWh | 4419 kWh | 1473 kWh | £1,129 | £147 | £1,276 | £19,207 | 15.0 yrs | £6,323 |
| 7 kW | 6875 kWh | 5156 kWh | 1719 kWh | £1,317 | £172 | £1,489 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,543 |
| 8 kW | 7857 kWh | 5893 kWh | 1964 kWh | £1,506 | £196 | £1,702 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,764 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,079, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1512 kWh | 452 kWh | £386 | £45 | £432 | £13,519 | 31.3 yrs | £-4,887 |
| 3 kW | 2946 kWh | 2269 kWh | 678 kWh | £580 | £68 | £647 | £15,554 | 24.0 yrs | £-2,605 |
| 4 kW | 3928 kWh | 3025 kWh | 904 kWh | £773 | £90 | £863 | £17,588 | 20.4 yrs | £-324 |
| 5 kW | 4910 kWh | 3781 kWh | 1129 kWh | £966 | £113 | £1,079 | £19,623 | 18.2 yrs | £1,958 |
| 6 kW | 5893 kWh | 4537 kWh | 1355 kWh | £1,159 | £136 | £1,295 | £21,657 | 16.7 yrs | £4,239 |
| 7 kW | 6875 kWh | 5294 kWh | 1581 kWh | £1,352 | £158 | £1,511 | £23,692 | 15.7 yrs | £6,521 |
| 8 kW | 7857 kWh | 6050 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,546 | £181 | £1,726 | £25,726 | 14.9 yrs | £8,802 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.