A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 977 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £793, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1955 kWh | 782 kWh | 1173 kWh | £200 | £117 | £317 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,272 |
| 3 kW | 2932 kWh | 1173 kWh | 1759 kWh | £300 | £176 | £476 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,408 |
| 4 kW | 3910 kWh | 1564 kWh | 2346 kWh | £400 | £235 | £634 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,545 |
| 5 kW | 4887 kWh | 1955 kWh | 2932 kWh | £499 | £293 | £793 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,681 |
| 6 kW | 5864 kWh | 2346 kWh | 3519 kWh | £599 | £352 | £951 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,817 |
| 7 kW | 6842 kWh | 2737 kWh | 4105 kWh | £699 | £411 | £1,110 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £7,953 |
| 8 kW | 7819 kWh | 3128 kWh | 4691 kWh | £799 | £469 | £1,268 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,089 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £945, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1955 kWh | 1173 kWh | 782 kWh | £300 | £78 | £378 | £6,169 | 16.3 yrs | £1,388 |
| 3 kW | 2932 kWh | 1759 kWh | 1173 kWh | £450 | £117 | £567 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,132 |
| 4 kW | 3910 kWh | 2346 kWh | 1564 kWh | £599 | £156 | £756 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,876 |
| 5 kW | 4887 kWh | 2932 kWh | 1955 kWh | £749 | £195 | £945 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,620 |
| 6 kW | 5864 kWh | 3519 kWh | 2346 kWh | £899 | £235 | £1,134 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,364 |
| 7 kW | 6842 kWh | 4105 kWh | 2737 kWh | £1,049 | £274 | £1,323 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £10,109 |
| 8 kW | 7819 kWh | 4691 kWh | 3128 kWh | £1,199 | £313 | £1,511 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,853 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,021, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1955 kWh | 1368 kWh | 586 kWh | £350 | £59 | £408 | £7,569 | 18.5 yrs | £596 |
| 3 kW | 2932 kWh | 2053 kWh | 880 kWh | £524 | £88 | £612 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,644 |
| 4 kW | 3910 kWh | 2737 kWh | 1173 kWh | £699 | £117 | £817 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,692 |
| 5 kW | 4887 kWh | 3421 kWh | 1466 kWh | £874 | £147 | £1,021 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,740 |
| 6 kW | 5864 kWh | 4105 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,049 | £176 | £1,225 | £15,707 | 12.8 yrs | £8,788 |
| 7 kW | 6842 kWh | 4789 kWh | 2053 kWh | £1,224 | £205 | £1,429 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,836 |
| 8 kW | 7819 kWh | 5473 kWh | 2346 kWh | £1,398 | £235 | £1,633 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,884 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,043, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1955 kWh | 1427 kWh | 528 kWh | £365 | £53 | £417 | £9,319 | 22.3 yrs | £-972 |
| 3 kW | 2932 kWh | 2140 kWh | 792 kWh | £547 | £79 | £626 | £11,354 | 18.1 yrs | £1,168 |
| 4 kW | 3910 kWh | 2854 kWh | 1056 kWh | £729 | £106 | £835 | £13,388 | 16.0 yrs | £3,307 |
| 5 kW | 4887 kWh | 3567 kWh | 1319 kWh | £911 | £132 | £1,043 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,446 |
| 6 kW | 5864 kWh | 4281 kWh | 1583 kWh | £1,094 | £158 | £1,252 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,585 |
| 7 kW | 6842 kWh | 4994 kWh | 1847 kWh | £1,276 | £185 | £1,461 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,725 |
| 8 kW | 7819 kWh | 5708 kWh | 2111 kWh | £1,458 | £211 | £1,669 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,864 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,059, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1955 kWh | 1466 kWh | 489 kWh | £375 | £49 | £423 | £11,069 | 26.1 yrs | £-2,600 |
| 3 kW | 2932 kWh | 2199 kWh | 733 kWh | £562 | £73 | £635 | £13,104 | 20.6 yrs | £-400 |
| 4 kW | 3910 kWh | 2932 kWh | 977 kWh | £749 | £98 | £847 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,800 |
| 5 kW | 4887 kWh | 3665 kWh | 1222 kWh | £936 | £122 | £1,059 | £17,173 | 16.2 yrs | £4,000 |
| 6 kW | 5864 kWh | 4398 kWh | 1466 kWh | £1,124 | £147 | £1,270 | £19,207 | 15.1 yrs | £6,200 |
| 7 kW | 6842 kWh | 5131 kWh | 1710 kWh | £1,311 | £171 | £1,482 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,400 |
| 8 kW | 7819 kWh | 5864 kWh | 1955 kWh | £1,498 | £195 | £1,694 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,600 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,074, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1955 kWh | 1505 kWh | 450 kWh | £385 | £45 | £430 | £13,519 | 31.5 yrs | £-4,928 |
| 3 kW | 2932 kWh | 2258 kWh | 674 kWh | £577 | £67 | £644 | £15,554 | 24.1 yrs | £-2,668 |
| 4 kW | 3910 kWh | 3010 kWh | 899 kWh | £769 | £90 | £859 | £17,588 | 20.5 yrs | £-407 |
| 5 kW | 4887 kWh | 3763 kWh | 1124 kWh | £961 | £112 | £1,074 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,854 |
| 6 kW | 5864 kWh | 4516 kWh | 1349 kWh | £1,154 | £135 | £1,289 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,115 |
| 7 kW | 6842 kWh | 5268 kWh | 1574 kWh | £1,346 | £157 | £1,503 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,376 |
| 8 kW | 7819 kWh | 6021 kWh | 1798 kWh | £1,538 | £180 | £1,718 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,637 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.