A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 977 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £792, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 782 kWh | 1173 kWh | £200 | £117 | £317 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,271 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 1173 kWh | 1759 kWh | £300 | £176 | £475 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,406 |
| 4 kW | 3909 kWh | 1563 kWh | 2345 kWh | £399 | £235 | £634 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,542 |
| 5 kW | 4886 kWh | 1954 kWh | 2931 kWh | £499 | £293 | £792 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,677 |
| 6 kW | 5863 kWh | 2345 kWh | 3518 kWh | £599 | £352 | £951 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,812 |
| 7 kW | 6840 kWh | 2736 kWh | 4104 kWh | £699 | £410 | £1,109 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £7,948 |
| 8 kW | 7817 kWh | 3127 kWh | 4690 kWh | £799 | £469 | £1,268 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,083 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1173 kWh | 782 kWh | £300 | £78 | £378 | £6,169 | 16.3 yrs | £1,386 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 1759 kWh | 1173 kWh | £449 | £117 | £567 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,130 |
| 4 kW | 3909 kWh | 2345 kWh | 1563 kWh | £599 | £156 | £756 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,873 |
| 5 kW | 4886 kWh | 2931 kWh | 1954 kWh | £749 | £195 | £944 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,616 |
| 6 kW | 5863 kWh | 3518 kWh | 2345 kWh | £899 | £235 | £1,133 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,359 |
| 7 kW | 6840 kWh | 4104 kWh | 2736 kWh | £1,049 | £274 | £1,322 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £10,102 |
| 8 kW | 7817 kWh | 4690 kWh | 3127 kWh | £1,198 | £313 | £1,511 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,846 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,020, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1368 kWh | 586 kWh | £350 | £59 | £408 | £7,569 | 18.5 yrs | £594 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 2052 kWh | 879 kWh | £524 | £88 | £612 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,641 |
| 4 kW | 3909 kWh | 2736 kWh | 1173 kWh | £699 | £117 | £816 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,688 |
| 5 kW | 4886 kWh | 3420 kWh | 1466 kWh | £874 | £147 | £1,020 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,735 |
| 6 kW | 5863 kWh | 4104 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,049 | £176 | £1,224 | £15,707 | 12.8 yrs | £8,783 |
| 7 kW | 6840 kWh | 4788 kWh | 2052 kWh | £1,223 | £205 | £1,429 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,830 |
| 8 kW | 7817 kWh | 5472 kWh | 2345 kWh | £1,398 | £235 | £1,633 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,877 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,043, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1427 kWh | 528 kWh | £365 | £53 | £417 | £9,319 | 22.3 yrs | £-973 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 2140 kWh | 791 kWh | £547 | £79 | £626 | £11,354 | 18.1 yrs | £1,165 |
| 4 kW | 3909 kWh | 2853 kWh | 1055 kWh | £729 | £106 | £835 | £13,388 | 16.0 yrs | £3,303 |
| 5 kW | 4886 kWh | 3567 kWh | 1319 kWh | £911 | £132 | £1,043 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,441 |
| 6 kW | 5863 kWh | 4280 kWh | 1583 kWh | £1,094 | £158 | £1,252 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,580 |
| 7 kW | 6840 kWh | 4993 kWh | 1847 kWh | £1,276 | £185 | £1,460 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,718 |
| 8 kW | 7817 kWh | 5707 kWh | 2111 kWh | £1,458 | £211 | £1,669 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,856 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,058, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1466 kWh | 489 kWh | £374 | £49 | £423 | £11,069 | 26.1 yrs | £-2,602 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 2199 kWh | 733 kWh | £562 | £73 | £635 | £13,104 | 20.6 yrs | £-403 |
| 4 kW | 3909 kWh | 2931 kWh | 977 kWh | £749 | £98 | £847 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,796 |
| 5 kW | 4886 kWh | 3664 kWh | 1221 kWh | £936 | £122 | £1,058 | £17,173 | 16.2 yrs | £3,995 |
| 6 kW | 5863 kWh | 4397 kWh | 1466 kWh | £1,123 | £147 | £1,270 | £19,207 | 15.1 yrs | £6,194 |
| 7 kW | 6840 kWh | 5130 kWh | 1710 kWh | £1,311 | £171 | £1,482 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,393 |
| 8 kW | 7817 kWh | 5863 kWh | 1954 kWh | £1,498 | £195 | £1,693 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,592 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,074, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1505 kWh | 449 kWh | £384 | £45 | £429 | £13,519 | 31.5 yrs | £-4,930 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 2257 kWh | 674 kWh | £577 | £67 | £644 | £15,554 | 24.1 yrs | £-2,671 |
| 4 kW | 3909 kWh | 3010 kWh | 899 kWh | £769 | £90 | £859 | £17,588 | 20.5 yrs | £-411 |
| 5 kW | 4886 kWh | 3762 kWh | 1124 kWh | £961 | £112 | £1,074 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,849 |
| 6 kW | 5863 kWh | 4514 kWh | 1348 kWh | £1,153 | £135 | £1,288 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,109 |
| 7 kW | 6840 kWh | 5267 kWh | 1573 kWh | £1,346 | £157 | £1,503 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,369 |
| 8 kW | 7817 kWh | 6019 kWh | 1798 kWh | £1,538 | £180 | £1,718 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,629 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.