A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1018 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £854, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2037 kWh | 815 kWh | 1222 kWh | £219 | £122 | £341 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,761 |
| 3 kW | 3055 kWh | 1222 kWh | 1833 kWh | £329 | £183 | £512 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,141 |
| 4 kW | 4073 kWh | 1629 kWh | 2444 kWh | £439 | £244 | £683 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,521 |
| 5 kW | 5091 kWh | 2037 kWh | 3055 kWh | £548 | £305 | £854 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,902 |
| 6 kW | 6110 kWh | 2444 kWh | 3666 kWh | £658 | £367 | £1,024 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,282 |
| 7 kW | 7128 kWh | 2851 kWh | 4277 kWh | £768 | £428 | £1,195 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,663 |
| 8 kW | 8146 kWh | 3258 kWh | 4888 kWh | £877 | £489 | £1,366 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,043 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2037 kWh | 1222 kWh | 815 kWh | £329 | £81 | £410 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,039 |
| 3 kW | 3055 kWh | 1833 kWh | 1222 kWh | £493 | £122 | £616 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,109 |
| 4 kW | 4073 kWh | 2444 kWh | 1629 kWh | £658 | £163 | £821 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,178 |
| 5 kW | 5091 kWh | 3055 kWh | 2037 kWh | £822 | £204 | £1,026 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,248 |
| 6 kW | 6110 kWh | 3666 kWh | 2444 kWh | £987 | £244 | £1,231 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,317 |
| 7 kW | 7128 kWh | 4277 kWh | 2851 kWh | £1,151 | £285 | £1,436 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,387 |
| 8 kW | 8146 kWh | 4888 kWh | 3258 kWh | £1,316 | £326 | £1,642 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,456 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,112, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2037 kWh | 1426 kWh | 611 kWh | £384 | £61 | £445 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,328 |
| 3 kW | 3055 kWh | 2138 kWh | 916 kWh | £576 | £92 | £667 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,742 |
| 4 kW | 4073 kWh | 2851 kWh | 1222 kWh | £768 | £122 | £890 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,156 |
| 5 kW | 5091 kWh | 3564 kWh | 1527 kWh | £959 | £153 | £1,112 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,571 |
| 6 kW | 6110 kWh | 4277 kWh | 1833 kWh | £1,151 | £183 | £1,335 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,985 |
| 7 kW | 7128 kWh | 4990 kWh | 2138 kWh | £1,343 | £214 | £1,557 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,399 |
| 8 kW | 8146 kWh | 5702 kWh | 2444 kWh | £1,535 | £244 | £1,779 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,813 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,138, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2037 kWh | 1487 kWh | 550 kWh | £400 | £55 | £455 | £9,319 | 20.5 yrs | £-215 |
| 3 kW | 3055 kWh | 2230 kWh | 825 kWh | £600 | £82 | £683 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,302 |
| 4 kW | 4073 kWh | 2973 kWh | 1100 kWh | £800 | £110 | £910 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,820 |
| 5 kW | 5091 kWh | 3717 kWh | 1375 kWh | £1,001 | £137 | £1,138 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,337 |
| 6 kW | 6110 kWh | 4460 kWh | 1650 kWh | £1,201 | £165 | £1,366 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,855 |
| 7 kW | 7128 kWh | 5203 kWh | 1925 kWh | £1,401 | £192 | £1,593 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,372 |
| 8 kW | 8146 kWh | 5947 kWh | 2199 kWh | £1,601 | £220 | £1,821 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,890 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,155, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2037 kWh | 1527 kWh | 509 kWh | £411 | £51 | £462 | £11,069 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,827 |
| 3 kW | 3055 kWh | 2291 kWh | 764 kWh | £617 | £76 | £693 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £759 |
| 4 kW | 4073 kWh | 3055 kWh | 1018 kWh | £822 | £102 | £924 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,346 |
| 5 kW | 5091 kWh | 3819 kWh | 1273 kWh | £1,028 | £127 | £1,155 | £17,173 | 14.9 yrs | £5,932 |
| 6 kW | 6110 kWh | 4582 kWh | 1527 kWh | £1,234 | £153 | £1,386 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,518 |
| 7 kW | 7128 kWh | 5346 kWh | 1782 kWh | £1,439 | £178 | £1,617 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,105 |
| 8 kW | 8146 kWh | 6110 kWh | 2037 kWh | £1,645 | £204 | £1,848 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,691 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,172, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2037 kWh | 1568 kWh | 468 kWh | £422 | £47 | £469 | £13,519 | 28.8 yrs | £-4,139 |
| 3 kW | 3055 kWh | 2352 kWh | 703 kWh | £633 | £70 | £703 | £15,554 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,484 |
| 4 kW | 4073 kWh | 3136 kWh | 937 kWh | £844 | £94 | £938 | £17,588 | 18.8 yrs | £1,171 |
| 5 kW | 5091 kWh | 3920 kWh | 1171 kWh | £1,055 | £117 | £1,172 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,827 |
| 6 kW | 6110 kWh | 4704 kWh | 1405 kWh | £1,266 | £141 | £1,407 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,482 |
| 7 kW | 7128 kWh | 5488 kWh | 1639 kWh | £1,477 | £164 | £1,641 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,137 |
| 8 kW | 8146 kWh | 6273 kWh | 1874 kWh | £1,689 | £187 | £1,876 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,793 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.