A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1030 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £864, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2061 kWh | 824 kWh | 1236 kWh | £222 | £124 | £346 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,842 |
| 3 kW | 3091 kWh | 1236 kWh | 1855 kWh | £333 | £185 | £518 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,262 |
| 4 kW | 4121 kWh | 1649 kWh | 2473 kWh | £444 | £247 | £691 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,683 |
| 5 kW | 5152 kWh | 2061 kWh | 3091 kWh | £555 | £309 | £864 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,104 |
| 6 kW | 6182 kWh | 2473 kWh | 3709 kWh | £666 | £371 | £1,037 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,525 |
| 7 kW | 7212 kWh | 2885 kWh | 4327 kWh | £777 | £433 | £1,209 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,946 |
| 8 kW | 8243 kWh | 3297 kWh | 4946 kWh | £888 | £495 | £1,382 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,366 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,038, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2061 kWh | 1236 kWh | 824 kWh | £333 | £82 | £415 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,136 |
| 3 kW | 3091 kWh | 1855 kWh | 1236 kWh | £499 | £124 | £623 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,254 |
| 4 kW | 4121 kWh | 2473 kWh | 1649 kWh | £666 | £165 | £831 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,373 |
| 5 kW | 5152 kWh | 3091 kWh | 2061 kWh | £832 | £206 | £1,038 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,491 |
| 6 kW | 6182 kWh | 3709 kWh | 2473 kWh | £999 | £247 | £1,246 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,609 |
| 7 kW | 7212 kWh | 4327 kWh | 2885 kWh | £1,165 | £288 | £1,453 | £16,342 | 11.2 yrs | £12,727 |
| 8 kW | 8243 kWh | 4946 kWh | 3297 kWh | £1,331 | £330 | £1,661 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,845 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,125, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2061 kWh | 1442 kWh | 618 kWh | £388 | £62 | £450 | £7,569 | 16.8 yrs | £1,434 |
| 3 kW | 3091 kWh | 2164 kWh | 927 kWh | £582 | £93 | £675 | £9,604 | 14.2 yrs | £3,900 |
| 4 kW | 4121 kWh | 2885 kWh | 1236 kWh | £777 | £124 | £900 | £11,638 | 12.9 yrs | £6,367 |
| 5 kW | 5152 kWh | 3606 kWh | 1545 kWh | £971 | £155 | £1,125 | £13,673 | 12.1 yrs | £8,834 |
| 6 kW | 6182 kWh | 4327 kWh | 1855 kWh | £1,165 | £185 | £1,350 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,301 |
| 7 kW | 7212 kWh | 5049 kWh | 2164 kWh | £1,359 | £216 | £1,575 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,768 |
| 8 kW | 8243 kWh | 5770 kWh | 2473 kWh | £1,553 | £247 | £1,801 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,234 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,151, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2061 kWh | 1504 kWh | 556 kWh | £405 | £56 | £461 | £9,319 | 20.2 yrs | £-107 |
| 3 kW | 3091 kWh | 2256 kWh | 835 kWh | £607 | £83 | £691 | £11,354 | 16.4 yrs | £2,464 |
| 4 kW | 4121 kWh | 3009 kWh | 1113 kWh | £810 | £111 | £921 | £13,388 | 14.5 yrs | £5,036 |
| 5 kW | 5152 kWh | 3761 kWh | 1391 kWh | £1,012 | £139 | £1,151 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,607 |
| 6 kW | 6182 kWh | 4513 kWh | 1669 kWh | £1,215 | £167 | £1,382 | £17,457 | 12.6 yrs | £10,178 |
| 7 kW | 7212 kWh | 5265 kWh | 1947 kWh | £1,417 | £195 | £1,612 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,750 |
| 8 kW | 8243 kWh | 6017 kWh | 2226 kWh | £1,620 | £223 | £1,842 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,321 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,169, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2061 kWh | 1545 kWh | 515 kWh | £416 | £52 | £468 | £11,069 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,718 |
| 3 kW | 3091 kWh | 2318 kWh | 773 kWh | £624 | £77 | £701 | £13,104 | 18.7 yrs | £923 |
| 4 kW | 4121 kWh | 3091 kWh | 1030 kWh | £832 | £103 | £935 | £15,138 | 16.2 yrs | £3,565 |
| 5 kW | 5152 kWh | 3864 kWh | 1288 kWh | £1,040 | £129 | £1,169 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,206 |
| 6 kW | 6182 kWh | 4636 kWh | 1545 kWh | £1,248 | £155 | £1,403 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,847 |
| 7 kW | 7212 kWh | 5409 kWh | 1803 kWh | £1,456 | £180 | £1,636 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,488 |
| 8 kW | 8243 kWh | 6182 kWh | 2061 kWh | £1,664 | £206 | £1,870 | £23,276 | 12.4 yrs | £14,129 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,186, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2061 kWh | 1587 kWh | 474 kWh | £427 | £47 | £475 | £13,519 | 28.5 yrs | £-4,028 |
| 3 kW | 3091 kWh | 2380 kWh | 711 kWh | £641 | £71 | £712 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,317 |
| 4 kW | 4121 kWh | 3173 kWh | 948 kWh | £854 | £95 | £949 | £17,588 | 18.5 yrs | £1,393 |
| 5 kW | 5152 kWh | 3967 kWh | 1185 kWh | £1,068 | £118 | £1,186 | £19,623 | 16.5 yrs | £4,104 |
| 6 kW | 6182 kWh | 4760 kWh | 1422 kWh | £1,281 | £142 | £1,424 | £21,657 | 15.2 yrs | £6,815 |
| 7 kW | 7212 kWh | 5553 kWh | 1659 kWh | £1,495 | £166 | £1,661 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,526 |
| 8 kW | 8243 kWh | 6347 kWh | 1896 kWh | £1,709 | £190 | £1,898 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,237 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.