A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 853 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £718, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1706 kWh | 682 kWh | 1024 kWh | £185 | £102 | £287 | £4,069 | 14.2 yrs | £1,679 |
| 3 kW | 2559 kWh | 1024 kWh | 1536 kWh | £278 | £154 | £431 | £6,104 | 14.2 yrs | £2,518 |
| 4 kW | 3412 kWh | 1365 kWh | 2047 kWh | £370 | £205 | £575 | £8,138 | 14.2 yrs | £3,358 |
| 5 kW | 4265 kWh | 1706 kWh | 2559 kWh | £463 | £256 | £718 | £10,173 | 14.2 yrs | £4,197 |
| 6 kW | 5119 kWh | 2047 kWh | 3071 kWh | £555 | £307 | £862 | £12,207 | 14.2 yrs | £5,036 |
| 7 kW | 5972 kWh | 2389 kWh | 3583 kWh | £648 | £358 | £1,006 | £14,242 | 14.2 yrs | £5,876 |
| 8 kW | 6825 kWh | 2730 kWh | 4095 kWh | £740 | £409 | £1,150 | £16,276 | 14.2 yrs | £6,715 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £864, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1706 kWh | 1024 kWh | 682 kWh | £278 | £68 | £346 | £6,169 | 17.8 yrs | £746 |
| 3 kW | 2559 kWh | 1536 kWh | 1024 kWh | £416 | £102 | £519 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,170 |
| 4 kW | 3412 kWh | 2047 kWh | 1365 kWh | £555 | £136 | £692 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,593 |
| 5 kW | 4265 kWh | 2559 kWh | 1706 kWh | £694 | £171 | £864 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £5,016 |
| 6 kW | 5119 kWh | 3071 kWh | 2047 kWh | £833 | £205 | £1,037 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,439 |
| 7 kW | 5972 kWh | 3583 kWh | 2389 kWh | £971 | £239 | £1,210 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,863 |
| 8 kW | 6825 kWh | 4095 kWh | 2730 kWh | £1,110 | £273 | £1,383 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,286 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £937, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1706 kWh | 1194 kWh | 512 kWh | £324 | £51 | £375 | £7,569 | 20.2 yrs | £-70 |
| 3 kW | 2559 kWh | 1791 kWh | 768 kWh | £486 | £77 | £562 | £9,604 | 17.1 yrs | £1,645 |
| 4 kW | 3412 kWh | 2389 kWh | 1024 kWh | £648 | £102 | £750 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,361 |
| 5 kW | 4265 kWh | 2986 kWh | 1280 kWh | £809 | £128 | £937 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,076 |
| 6 kW | 5119 kWh | 3583 kWh | 1536 kWh | £971 | £154 | £1,125 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,791 |
| 7 kW | 5972 kWh | 4180 kWh | 1791 kWh | £1,133 | £179 | £1,312 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,506 |
| 8 kW | 6825 kWh | 4777 kWh | 2047 kWh | £1,295 | £205 | £1,500 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,221 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £959, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1706 kWh | 1246 kWh | 461 kWh | £338 | £46 | £384 | £9,319 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,645 |
| 3 kW | 2559 kWh | 1868 kWh | 691 kWh | £506 | £69 | £576 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £158 |
| 4 kW | 3412 kWh | 2491 kWh | 921 kWh | £675 | £92 | £767 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £1,961 |
| 5 kW | 4265 kWh | 3114 kWh | 1152 kWh | £844 | £115 | £959 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,764 |
| 6 kW | 5119 kWh | 3737 kWh | 1382 kWh | £1,013 | £138 | £1,151 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,566 |
| 7 kW | 5972 kWh | 4359 kWh | 1612 kWh | £1,182 | £161 | £1,343 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,369 |
| 8 kW | 6825 kWh | 4982 kWh | 1843 kWh | £1,351 | £184 | £1,535 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,172 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £974, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1706 kWh | 1280 kWh | 427 kWh | £347 | £43 | £390 | £11,069 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,278 |
| 3 kW | 2559 kWh | 1919 kWh | 640 kWh | £520 | £64 | £584 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,417 |
| 4 kW | 3412 kWh | 2559 kWh | 853 kWh | £694 | £85 | £779 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £445 |
| 5 kW | 4265 kWh | 3199 kWh | 1066 kWh | £867 | £107 | £974 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,306 |
| 6 kW | 5119 kWh | 3839 kWh | 1280 kWh | £1,041 | £128 | £1,169 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,167 |
| 7 kW | 5972 kWh | 4479 kWh | 1493 kWh | £1,214 | £149 | £1,363 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £6,028 |
| 8 kW | 6825 kWh | 5119 kWh | 1706 kWh | £1,388 | £171 | £1,558 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,889 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £989, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1706 kWh | 1314 kWh | 392 kWh | £356 | £39 | £395 | £13,519 | 34.2 yrs | £-5,611 |
| 3 kW | 2559 kWh | 1971 kWh | 589 kWh | £534 | £59 | £593 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,691 |
| 4 kW | 3412 kWh | 2628 kWh | 785 kWh | £712 | £78 | £791 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,772 |
| 5 kW | 4265 kWh | 3284 kWh | 981 kWh | £890 | £98 | £989 | £19,623 | 19.9 yrs | £148 |
| 6 kW | 5119 kWh | 3941 kWh | 1177 kWh | £1,068 | £118 | £1,186 | £21,657 | 18.3 yrs | £2,067 |
| 7 kW | 5972 kWh | 4598 kWh | 1373 kWh | £1,247 | £137 | £1,384 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £3,987 |
| 8 kW | 6825 kWh | 5255 kWh | 1570 kWh | £1,425 | £157 | £1,582 | £25,726 | 16.3 yrs | £5,906 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.