A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 865 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £729, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1731 kWh | 692 kWh | 1039 kWh | £188 | £104 | £292 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,762 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1039 kWh | 1558 kWh | £282 | £156 | £437 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,643 |
| 4 kW | 3462 kWh | 1385 kWh | 2077 kWh | £375 | £208 | £583 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,524 |
| 5 kW | 4327 kWh | 1731 kWh | 2596 kWh | £469 | £260 | £729 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,405 |
| 6 kW | 5193 kWh | 2077 kWh | 3116 kWh | £563 | £312 | £875 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,286 |
| 7 kW | 6058 kWh | 2423 kWh | 3635 kWh | £657 | £363 | £1,020 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,167 |
| 8 kW | 6924 kWh | 2769 kWh | 4154 kWh | £751 | £415 | £1,166 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £7,048 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £877, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1731 kWh | 1039 kWh | 692 kWh | £282 | £69 | £351 | £6,169 | 17.6 yrs | £847 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1558 kWh | 1039 kWh | £422 | £104 | £526 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,320 |
| 4 kW | 3462 kWh | 2077 kWh | 1385 kWh | £563 | £138 | £702 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,793 |
| 5 kW | 4327 kWh | 2596 kWh | 1731 kWh | £704 | £173 | £877 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,267 |
| 6 kW | 5193 kWh | 3116 kWh | 2077 kWh | £845 | £208 | £1,052 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,740 |
| 7 kW | 6058 kWh | 3635 kWh | 2423 kWh | £985 | £242 | £1,228 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,213 |
| 8 kW | 6924 kWh | 4154 kWh | 2769 kWh | £1,126 | £277 | £1,403 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,687 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1731 kWh | 1212 kWh | 519 kWh | £328 | £52 | £380 | £7,569 | 19.9 yrs | £39 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1817 kWh | 779 kWh | £493 | £78 | £571 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,808 |
| 4 kW | 3462 kWh | 2423 kWh | 1039 kWh | £657 | £104 | £761 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,578 |
| 5 kW | 4327 kWh | 3029 kWh | 1298 kWh | £821 | £130 | £951 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,347 |
| 6 kW | 5193 kWh | 3635 kWh | 1558 kWh | £985 | £156 | £1,141 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,117 |
| 7 kW | 6058 kWh | 4241 kWh | 1817 kWh | £1,150 | £182 | £1,331 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,886 |
| 8 kW | 6924 kWh | 4847 kWh | 2077 kWh | £1,314 | £208 | £1,522 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,656 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £973, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1731 kWh | 1264 kWh | 467 kWh | £343 | £47 | £389 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,533 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1895 kWh | 701 kWh | £514 | £70 | £584 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £325 |
| 4 kW | 3462 kWh | 2527 kWh | 935 kWh | £685 | £93 | £779 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,183 |
| 5 kW | 4327 kWh | 3159 kWh | 1168 kWh | £856 | £117 | £973 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,042 |
| 6 kW | 5193 kWh | 3791 kWh | 1402 kWh | £1,028 | £140 | £1,168 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,900 |
| 7 kW | 6058 kWh | 4422 kWh | 1636 kWh | £1,199 | £164 | £1,362 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,758 |
| 8 kW | 6924 kWh | 5054 kWh | 1869 kWh | £1,370 | £187 | £1,557 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,617 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1731 kWh | 1298 kWh | 433 kWh | £352 | £43 | £395 | £11,069 | 28.0 yrs | £-3,165 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1947 kWh | 649 kWh | £528 | £65 | £593 | £13,104 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,247 |
| 4 kW | 3462 kWh | 2596 kWh | 865 kWh | £704 | £87 | £790 | £15,138 | 19.2 yrs | £670 |
| 5 kW | 4327 kWh | 3245 kWh | 1082 kWh | £880 | £108 | £988 | £17,173 | 17.4 yrs | £2,588 |
| 6 kW | 5193 kWh | 3895 kWh | 1298 kWh | £1,056 | £130 | £1,186 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,505 |
| 7 kW | 6058 kWh | 4544 kWh | 1515 kWh | £1,232 | £151 | £1,383 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,423 |
| 8 kW | 6924 kWh | 5193 kWh | 1731 kWh | £1,408 | £173 | £1,581 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,341 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,003, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1731 kWh | 1333 kWh | 398 kWh | £361 | £40 | £401 | £13,519 | 33.7 yrs | £-5,496 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1999 kWh | 597 kWh | £542 | £60 | £602 | £15,554 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,520 |
| 4 kW | 3462 kWh | 2666 kWh | 796 kWh | £723 | £80 | £802 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,543 |
| 5 kW | 4327 kWh | 3332 kWh | 995 kWh | £903 | £100 | £1,003 | £19,623 | 19.6 yrs | £434 |
| 6 kW | 5193 kWh | 3998 kWh | 1194 kWh | £1,084 | £119 | £1,203 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,411 |
| 7 kW | 6058 kWh | 4665 kWh | 1393 kWh | £1,265 | £139 | £1,404 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,388 |
| 8 kW | 6924 kWh | 5331 kWh | 1592 kWh | £1,445 | £159 | £1,605 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,364 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.