A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 870 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £733, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 696 kWh | 1044 kWh | £189 | £104 | £293 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,792 |
| 3 kW | 2610 kWh | 1044 kWh | 1566 kWh | £283 | £157 | £440 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,689 |
| 4 kW | 3480 kWh | 1392 kWh | 2088 kWh | £377 | £209 | £586 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,585 |
| 5 kW | 4350 kWh | 1740 kWh | 2610 kWh | £472 | £261 | £733 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,481 |
| 6 kW | 5220 kWh | 2088 kWh | 3132 kWh | £566 | £313 | £879 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,377 |
| 7 kW | 6090 kWh | 2436 kWh | 3654 kWh | £660 | £365 | £1,026 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,273 |
| 8 kW | 6960 kWh | 2784 kWh | 4176 kWh | £755 | £418 | £1,172 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,170 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £882, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1044 kWh | 696 kWh | £283 | £70 | £353 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £883 |
| 3 kW | 2610 kWh | 1566 kWh | 1044 kWh | £425 | £104 | £529 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,375 |
| 4 kW | 3480 kWh | 2088 kWh | 1392 kWh | £566 | £139 | £705 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,866 |
| 5 kW | 4350 kWh | 2610 kWh | 1740 kWh | £708 | £174 | £882 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,358 |
| 6 kW | 5220 kWh | 3132 kWh | 2088 kWh | £849 | £209 | £1,058 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,850 |
| 7 kW | 6090 kWh | 3654 kWh | 2436 kWh | £991 | £244 | £1,234 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,341 |
| 8 kW | 6960 kWh | 4176 kWh | 2784 kWh | £1,132 | £278 | £1,410 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,833 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1218 kWh | 522 kWh | £330 | £52 | £382 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £79 |
| 3 kW | 2610 kWh | 1827 kWh | 783 kWh | £495 | £78 | £574 | £9,604 | 16.7 yrs | £1,868 |
| 4 kW | 3480 kWh | 2436 kWh | 1044 kWh | £660 | £104 | £765 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,657 |
| 5 kW | 4350 kWh | 3045 kWh | 1305 kWh | £825 | £130 | £956 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,447 |
| 6 kW | 5220 kWh | 3654 kWh | 1566 kWh | £991 | £157 | £1,147 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,236 |
| 7 kW | 6090 kWh | 4263 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,156 | £183 | £1,338 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £9,025 |
| 8 kW | 6960 kWh | 4872 kWh | 2088 kWh | £1,321 | £209 | £1,530 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £10,814 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £978, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1270 kWh | 470 kWh | £344 | £47 | £391 | £9,319 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,493 |
| 3 kW | 2610 kWh | 1905 kWh | 705 kWh | £517 | £70 | £587 | £11,354 | 19.3 yrs | £386 |
| 4 kW | 3480 kWh | 2540 kWh | 940 kWh | £689 | £94 | £783 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,264 |
| 5 kW | 4350 kWh | 3175 kWh | 1174 kWh | £861 | £117 | £978 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,143 |
| 6 kW | 5220 kWh | 3810 kWh | 1409 kWh | £1,033 | £141 | £1,174 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £6,022 |
| 7 kW | 6090 kWh | 4445 kWh | 1644 kWh | £1,205 | £164 | £1,370 | £19,492 | 14.2 yrs | £7,900 |
| 8 kW | 6960 kWh | 5081 kWh | 1879 kWh | £1,377 | £188 | £1,565 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,779 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £993, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1305 kWh | 435 kWh | £354 | £43 | £397 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,124 |
| 3 kW | 2610 kWh | 1957 kWh | 652 kWh | £531 | £65 | £596 | £13,104 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,186 |
| 4 kW | 3480 kWh | 2610 kWh | 870 kWh | £708 | £87 | £795 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £753 |
| 5 kW | 4350 kWh | 3262 kWh | 1087 kWh | £884 | £109 | £993 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,691 |
| 6 kW | 5220 kWh | 3915 kWh | 1305 kWh | £1,061 | £130 | £1,192 | £19,207 | 16.1 yrs | £4,629 |
| 7 kW | 6090 kWh | 4567 kWh | 1522 kWh | £1,238 | £152 | £1,390 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,567 |
| 8 kW | 6960 kWh | 5220 kWh | 1740 kWh | £1,415 | £174 | £1,589 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,505 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,008, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1340 kWh | 400 kWh | £363 | £40 | £403 | £13,519 | 33.5 yrs | £-5,455 |
| 3 kW | 2610 kWh | 2010 kWh | 600 kWh | £545 | £60 | £605 | £15,554 | 25.7 yrs | £-3,457 |
| 4 kW | 3480 kWh | 2679 kWh | 800 kWh | £726 | £80 | £806 | £17,588 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,459 |
| 5 kW | 4350 kWh | 3349 kWh | 1000 kWh | £908 | £100 | £1,008 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £539 |
| 6 kW | 5220 kWh | 4019 kWh | 1201 kWh | £1,090 | £120 | £1,210 | £21,657 | 17.9 yrs | £2,536 |
| 7 kW | 6090 kWh | 4689 kWh | 1401 kWh | £1,271 | £140 | £1,411 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,534 |
| 8 kW | 6960 kWh | 5359 kWh | 1601 kWh | £1,453 | £160 | £1,613 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,532 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.