A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 861 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £725, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1722 kWh | 689 kWh | 1033 kWh | £187 | £103 | £290 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,732 |
| 3 kW | 2583 kWh | 1033 kWh | 1550 kWh | £280 | £155 | £435 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,598 |
| 4 kW | 3444 kWh | 1378 kWh | 2066 kWh | £373 | £207 | £580 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,464 |
| 5 kW | 4305 kWh | 1722 kWh | 2583 kWh | £467 | £258 | £725 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,329 |
| 6 kW | 5166 kWh | 2066 kWh | 3099 kWh | £560 | £310 | £870 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,195 |
| 7 kW | 6027 kWh | 2411 kWh | 3616 kWh | £654 | £362 | £1,015 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,061 |
| 8 kW | 6888 kWh | 2755 kWh | 4133 kWh | £747 | £413 | £1,160 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £6,927 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £872, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1722 kWh | 1033 kWh | 689 kWh | £280 | £69 | £349 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £810 |
| 3 kW | 2583 kWh | 1550 kWh | 1033 kWh | £420 | £103 | £523 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,265 |
| 4 kW | 3444 kWh | 2066 kWh | 1378 kWh | £560 | £138 | £698 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,721 |
| 5 kW | 4305 kWh | 2583 kWh | 1722 kWh | £700 | £172 | £872 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,176 |
| 6 kW | 5166 kWh | 3099 kWh | 2066 kWh | £840 | £207 | £1,047 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,631 |
| 7 kW | 6027 kWh | 3616 kWh | 2411 kWh | £980 | £241 | £1,221 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,086 |
| 8 kW | 6888 kWh | 4133 kWh | 2755 kWh | £1,120 | £276 | £1,396 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,541 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £946, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1722 kWh | 1205 kWh | 517 kWh | £327 | £52 | £378 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £-0 |
| 3 kW | 2583 kWh | 1808 kWh | 775 kWh | £490 | £77 | £568 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,749 |
| 4 kW | 3444 kWh | 2411 kWh | 1033 kWh | £654 | £103 | £757 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,499 |
| 5 kW | 4305 kWh | 3013 kWh | 1291 kWh | £817 | £129 | £946 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,249 |
| 6 kW | 5166 kWh | 3616 kWh | 1550 kWh | £980 | £155 | £1,135 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £6,999 |
| 7 kW | 6027 kWh | 4219 kWh | 1808 kWh | £1,144 | £181 | £1,324 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,748 |
| 8 kW | 6888 kWh | 4821 kWh | 2066 kWh | £1,307 | £207 | £1,514 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,498 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £968, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1722 kWh | 1257 kWh | 465 kWh | £341 | £46 | £387 | £9,319 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,574 |
| 3 kW | 2583 kWh | 1886 kWh | 697 kWh | £511 | £70 | £581 | £11,354 | 19.5 yrs | £264 |
| 4 kW | 3444 kWh | 2514 kWh | 930 kWh | £682 | £93 | £775 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,103 |
| 5 kW | 4305 kWh | 3143 kWh | 1162 kWh | £852 | £116 | £968 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £3,941 |
| 6 kW | 5166 kWh | 3771 kWh | 1395 kWh | £1,022 | £139 | £1,162 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,779 |
| 7 kW | 6027 kWh | 4400 kWh | 1627 kWh | £1,193 | £163 | £1,355 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,617 |
| 8 kW | 6888 kWh | 5028 kWh | 1860 kWh | £1,363 | £186 | £1,549 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,455 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £983, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1722 kWh | 1291 kWh | 430 kWh | £350 | £43 | £393 | £11,069 | 28.2 yrs | £-3,206 |
| 3 kW | 2583 kWh | 1937 kWh | 646 kWh | £525 | £65 | £590 | £13,104 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,309 |
| 4 kW | 3444 kWh | 2583 kWh | 861 kWh | £700 | £86 | £786 | £15,138 | 19.3 yrs | £588 |
| 5 kW | 4305 kWh | 3229 kWh | 1076 kWh | £875 | £108 | £983 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,485 |
| 6 kW | 5166 kWh | 3874 kWh | 1291 kWh | £1,050 | £129 | £1,179 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,382 |
| 7 kW | 6027 kWh | 4520 kWh | 1507 kWh | £1,225 | £151 | £1,376 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,279 |
| 8 kW | 6888 kWh | 5166 kWh | 1722 kWh | £1,400 | £172 | £1,573 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,177 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £998, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1722 kWh | 1326 kWh | 396 kWh | £359 | £40 | £399 | £13,519 | 33.9 yrs | £-5,538 |
| 3 kW | 2583 kWh | 1989 kWh | 594 kWh | £539 | £59 | £599 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,582 |
| 4 kW | 3444 kWh | 2652 kWh | 792 kWh | £719 | £79 | £798 | £17,588 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,626 |
| 5 kW | 4305 kWh | 3315 kWh | 990 kWh | £899 | £99 | £998 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £330 |
| 6 kW | 5166 kWh | 3978 kWh | 1188 kWh | £1,078 | £119 | £1,197 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,286 |
| 7 kW | 6027 kWh | 4641 kWh | 1386 kWh | £1,258 | £139 | £1,397 | £23,692 | 17.0 yrs | £4,242 |
| 8 kW | 6888 kWh | 5304 kWh | 1584 kWh | £1,438 | £158 | £1,596 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,198 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.