A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 996 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £851, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1991 kWh | 797 kWh | 1195 kWh | £221 | £119 | £340 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,737 |
| 3 kW | 2987 kWh | 1195 kWh | 1792 kWh | £331 | £179 | £510 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,105 |
| 4 kW | 3983 kWh | 1593 kWh | 2390 kWh | £442 | £239 | £681 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,473 |
| 5 kW | 4978 kWh | 1991 kWh | 2987 kWh | £552 | £299 | £851 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,842 |
| 6 kW | 5974 kWh | 2390 kWh | 3584 kWh | £662 | £358 | £1,021 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,210 |
| 7 kW | 6970 kWh | 2788 kWh | 4182 kWh | £773 | £418 | £1,191 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,579 |
| 8 kW | 7966 kWh | 3186 kWh | 4779 kWh | £883 | £478 | £1,361 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,947 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,027, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1991 kWh | 1195 kWh | 797 kWh | £331 | £80 | £411 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,048 |
| 3 kW | 2987 kWh | 1792 kWh | 1195 kWh | £497 | £119 | £616 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,122 |
| 4 kW | 3983 kWh | 2390 kWh | 1593 kWh | £662 | £159 | £822 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,196 |
| 5 kW | 4978 kWh | 2987 kWh | 1991 kWh | £828 | £199 | £1,027 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,271 |
| 6 kW | 5974 kWh | 3584 kWh | 2390 kWh | £994 | £239 | £1,233 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,345 |
| 7 kW | 6970 kWh | 4182 kWh | 2788 kWh | £1,159 | £279 | £1,438 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,419 |
| 8 kW | 7966 kWh | 4779 kWh | 3186 kWh | £1,325 | £319 | £1,643 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,493 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,115, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1991 kWh | 1394 kWh | 597 kWh | £386 | £60 | £446 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,354 |
| 3 kW | 2987 kWh | 2091 kWh | 896 kWh | £580 | £90 | £669 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,781 |
| 4 kW | 3983 kWh | 2788 kWh | 1195 kWh | £773 | £119 | £892 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,208 |
| 5 kW | 4978 kWh | 3485 kWh | 1494 kWh | £966 | £149 | £1,115 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,635 |
| 6 kW | 5974 kWh | 4182 kWh | 1792 kWh | £1,159 | £179 | £1,338 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,062 |
| 7 kW | 6970 kWh | 4879 kWh | 2091 kWh | £1,352 | £209 | £1,562 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,489 |
| 8 kW | 7966 kWh | 5576 kWh | 2390 kWh | £1,546 | £239 | £1,785 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,916 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,142, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1991 kWh | 1454 kWh | 538 kWh | £403 | £54 | £457 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-184 |
| 3 kW | 2987 kWh | 2181 kWh | 807 kWh | £604 | £81 | £685 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,349 |
| 4 kW | 3983 kWh | 2907 kWh | 1075 kWh | £806 | £108 | £913 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,881 |
| 5 kW | 4978 kWh | 3634 kWh | 1344 kWh | £1,007 | £134 | £1,142 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,414 |
| 6 kW | 5974 kWh | 4361 kWh | 1613 kWh | £1,209 | £161 | £1,370 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £9,947 |
| 7 kW | 6970 kWh | 5088 kWh | 1882 kWh | £1,410 | £188 | £1,599 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,480 |
| 8 kW | 7966 kWh | 5815 kWh | 2151 kWh | £1,612 | £215 | £1,827 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £15,013 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,159, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1991 kWh | 1494 kWh | 498 kWh | £414 | £50 | £464 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,793 |
| 3 kW | 2987 kWh | 2240 kWh | 747 kWh | £621 | £75 | £696 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £810 |
| 4 kW | 3983 kWh | 2987 kWh | 996 kWh | £828 | £100 | £928 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,414 |
| 5 kW | 4978 kWh | 3734 kWh | 1245 kWh | £1,035 | £124 | £1,159 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,017 |
| 6 kW | 5974 kWh | 4481 kWh | 1494 kWh | £1,242 | £149 | £1,391 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,620 |
| 7 kW | 6970 kWh | 5227 kWh | 1742 kWh | £1,449 | £174 | £1,623 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,224 |
| 8 kW | 7966 kWh | 5974 kWh | 1991 kWh | £1,656 | £199 | £1,855 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,827 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,177, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1991 kWh | 1533 kWh | 458 kWh | £425 | £46 | £471 | £13,519 | 28.7 yrs | £-4,102 |
| 3 kW | 2987 kWh | 2300 kWh | 687 kWh | £638 | £69 | £706 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,428 |
| 4 kW | 3983 kWh | 3067 kWh | 916 kWh | £850 | £92 | £942 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,246 |
| 5 kW | 4978 kWh | 3833 kWh | 1145 kWh | £1,063 | £115 | £1,177 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,920 |
| 6 kW | 5974 kWh | 4600 kWh | 1374 kWh | £1,275 | £137 | £1,413 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,594 |
| 7 kW | 6970 kWh | 5367 kWh | 1603 kWh | £1,488 | £160 | £1,648 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,268 |
| 8 kW | 7966 kWh | 6133 kWh | 1832 kWh | £1,700 | £183 | £1,883 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,942 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.