Solar explained to clever people by people who are not trying to be clever

Solar Panels in LL55 (Gwynedd)

See if solar pays off for you in Gwynedd — price, savings and payback in under a minute (official UK data).

Solar Calculator

Change the settings below to see how costs and savings work for your situation.

System Size

Roof Direction

Battery Storage

Export Value

Your Numbers

Break-even
13.9 years
After this, it's pure profit
Upfront Cost
£10,173
What you pay to get started
Annual Benefit
£734
What you save every year
Profit Over 25 Years
£8,167
After paying itself off, you're this much ahead

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How we calculate this

Solar generation: Based on typical south-facing roof at 35° angle. We account for weather, dirt, and system losses (14%).

How much you'll use directly:

  • Without battery: You'll use about 40% of what you generate. The rest gets sold back to the grid.
  • With 5 kWh battery: You'll use about 70% (battery stores extra for evening use).
  • With 10 kWh battery: You'll use about 75% (more storage means less exported).
  • Panel-only payback: Bigger systems don’t shorten payback—cost and savings rise together per kW.
  • Battery & payback: Batteries raise self-use and cut bills, but added hardware cost often lengthens break-even at typical UK rates.
  • When a battery can still make sense:
    • Evening-heavy usage patterns
    • Time-of-use tariffs / cheap night rates
    • Low export rate vs. high unit rate
    • Heat pump or EV charging synergy
    • Optional backup/resilience (system-dependent)
    • Lower evening-hour CO₂ vs. grid

Costs: Battery prices are typically £700 per kWh. Export tariffs vary by supplier (usually 5–15p per kWh).

Grid connection: Systems up to about 3.7 kW typically need just a notification (G98). Larger systems may need permission (G99).

These are typical values based on average usage patterns. Your actual results will vary based on your roof, shading, and how you use electricity.

Your area in context

Read the full story

A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 859 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.

Unit rate
27.7p/kWh
Standing charge
70.0p/day
Sunshine yield (south)
859 kWh/kW
Export price (baseline)
10p/kWh

Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.

No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £734, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1717 kWh 687 kWh 1030 kWh £190 £103 £293 £4,069 13.9 yrs £1,800
3 kW 2576 kWh 1030 kWh 1545 kWh £286 £155 £440 £6,104 13.9 yrs £2,700
4 kW 3434 kWh 1374 kWh 2061 kWh £381 £206 £587 £8,138 13.9 yrs £3,600
5 kW 4293 kWh 1717 kWh 2576 kWh £476 £258 £734 £10,173 13.9 yrs £4,499
6 kW 5152 kWh 2061 kWh 3091 kWh £571 £309 £880 £12,207 13.9 yrs £5,399
7 kW 6010 kWh 2404 kWh 3606 kWh £666 £361 £1,027 £14,242 13.9 yrs £6,299
8 kW 6869 kWh 2748 kWh 4121 kWh £762 £412 £1,174 £16,276 13.9 yrs £7,199

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £886, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1717 kWh 1030 kWh 687 kWh £286 £69 £354 £6,169 17.4 yrs £917
3 kW 2576 kWh 1545 kWh 1030 kWh £428 £103 £531 £8,204 15.4 yrs £2,425
4 kW 3434 kWh 2061 kWh 1374 kWh £571 £137 £709 £10,238 14.4 yrs £3,934
5 kW 4293 kWh 2576 kWh 1717 kWh £714 £172 £886 £12,273 13.9 yrs £5,442
6 kW 5152 kWh 3091 kWh 2061 kWh £857 £206 £1,063 £14,307 13.5 yrs £6,951
7 kW 6010 kWh 3606 kWh 2404 kWh £1,000 £240 £1,240 £16,342 13.2 yrs £8,459
8 kW 6869 kWh 4121 kWh 2748 kWh £1,142 £275 £1,417 £18,376 13.0 yrs £9,968

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1717 kWh 1202 kWh 515 kWh £333 £52 £385 £7,569 19.7 yrs £125
3 kW 2576 kWh 1803 kWh 773 kWh £500 £77 £577 £9,604 16.6 yrs £1,938
4 kW 3434 kWh 2404 kWh 1030 kWh £666 £103 £769 £11,638 15.1 yrs £3,751
5 kW 4293 kWh 3005 kWh 1288 kWh £833 £129 £962 £13,673 14.2 yrs £5,564
6 kW 5152 kWh 3606 kWh 1545 kWh £1,000 £155 £1,154 £15,707 13.6 yrs £7,376
7 kW 6010 kWh 4207 kWh 1803 kWh £1,166 £180 £1,347 £17,742 13.2 yrs £9,189
8 kW 6869 kWh 4808 kWh 2061 kWh £1,333 £206 £1,539 £19,776 12.9 yrs £11,002

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1717 kWh 1254 kWh 464 kWh £347 £46 £394 £9,319 23.7 yrs £-1,442
3 kW 2576 kWh 1880 kWh 695 kWh £521 £70 £591 £11,354 19.2 yrs £462
4 kW 3434 kWh 2507 kWh 927 kWh £695 £93 £788 £13,388 17.0 yrs £2,366
5 kW 4293 kWh 3134 kWh 1159 kWh £869 £116 £985 £15,423 15.7 yrs £4,270
6 kW 5152 kWh 3761 kWh 1391 kWh £1,042 £139 £1,182 £17,457 14.8 yrs £6,174
7 kW 6010 kWh 4387 kWh 1623 kWh £1,216 £162 £1,378 £19,492 14.1 yrs £8,078
8 kW 6869 kWh 5014 kWh 1855 kWh £1,390 £185 £1,575 £21,526 13.7 yrs £9,982

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,000, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1717 kWh 1288 kWh 429 kWh £357 £43 £400 £11,069 27.7 yrs £-3,070
3 kW 2576 kWh 1932 kWh 644 kWh £536 £64 £600 £13,104 21.8 yrs £-1,105
4 kW 3434 kWh 2576 kWh 859 kWh £714 £86 £800 £15,138 18.9 yrs £860
5 kW 4293 kWh 3220 kWh 1073 kWh £893 £107 £1,000 £17,173 17.2 yrs £2,824
6 kW 5152 kWh 3864 kWh 1288 kWh £1,071 £129 £1,200 £19,207 16.0 yrs £4,789
7 kW 6010 kWh 4508 kWh 1503 kWh £1,250 £150 £1,400 £21,242 15.2 yrs £6,754
8 kW 6869 kWh 5152 kWh 1717 kWh £1,428 £172 £1,600 £23,276 14.5 yrs £8,719

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,015, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1717 kWh 1322 kWh 395 kWh £367 £39 £406 £13,519 33.3 yrs £-5,398
3 kW 2576 kWh 1983 kWh 592 kWh £550 £59 £609 £15,554 25.5 yrs £-3,373
4 kW 3434 kWh 2645 kWh 790 kWh £733 £79 £812 £17,588 21.7 yrs £-1,347
5 kW 4293 kWh 3306 kWh 987 kWh £916 £99 £1,015 £19,623 19.3 yrs £679
6 kW 5152 kWh 3967 kWh 1185 kWh £1,100 £118 £1,218 £21,657 17.8 yrs £2,705
7 kW 6010 kWh 4628 kWh 1382 kWh £1,283 £138 £1,421 £23,692 16.7 yrs £4,730
8 kW 6869 kWh 5289 kWh 1580 kWh £1,466 £158 £1,624 £25,726 15.8 yrs £6,756

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.

Your Area at a Glance

Your Electricity Rate
27.72p/kWh
Daily Fixed Charge
69.95p/day
Local Sunshine
859kWh/kW
A 1 kW system generates ~859 kWh per year. A typical home uses ~2,700 kWh per year.
Typical System Size
5.0kW
For houses & bungalows in this area

Local Property Data

Property Types

Houses: 75% • Flats: 11% • Bungalows: 12% Based on 5,556 properties

Coverage

Gwynedd (100%)

Areas Covered

Peblig, Canol Tref Caernarfon, Llanberis, Deiniolen, Cwm-y-glo, Bethel a'r Felinheli, Llanrug, Menai + 4 more

Data Sources & Assumptions

Solar yield: PVGIS (EU Joint Research Centre), January 2025 data

Electricity rates: Ofgem price cap, Q4 2025

Installation costs: MCS certified installer data, March 2025

Property data: EPC open data (Open Government Licence), aggregated

All estimates are typical values. Actual results vary based on your specific situation, roof characteristics, and usage patterns.