Solar explained to clever people by people who are not trying to be clever

Solar Panels in LL47 (Gwynedd)

See if solar pays off for you in Gwynedd — price, savings and payback in under a minute (official UK data).

Solar Calculator

Change the settings below to see how costs and savings work for your situation.

System Size

Roof Direction

Battery Storage

Export Value

Your Numbers

Break-even
15.0 years
After this, it's pure profit
Upfront Cost
£12,207
What you pay to get started
Annual Benefit
£816
What you save every year
Profit Over 25 Years
£8,181
After paying itself off, you're this much ahead

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How we calculate this

Solar generation: Based on typical south-facing roof at 35° angle. We account for weather, dirt, and system losses (14%).

How much you'll use directly:

  • Without battery: You'll use about 40% of what you generate. The rest gets sold back to the grid.
  • With 5 kWh battery: You'll use about 70% (battery stores extra for evening use).
  • With 10 kWh battery: You'll use about 75% (more storage means less exported).
  • Panel-only payback: Bigger systems don’t shorten payback—cost and savings rise together per kW.
  • Battery & payback: Batteries raise self-use and cut bills, but added hardware cost often lengthens break-even at typical UK rates.
  • When a battery can still make sense:
    • Evening-heavy usage patterns
    • Time-of-use tariffs / cheap night rates
    • Low export rate vs. high unit rate
    • Heat pump or EV charging synergy
    • Optional backup/resilience (system-dependent)
    • Lower evening-hour CO₂ vs. grid

Costs: Battery prices are typically £700 per kWh. Export tariffs vary by supplier (usually 5–15p per kWh).

Grid connection: Systems up to about 3.7 kW typically need just a notification (G98). Larger systems may need permission (G99).

These are typical values based on average usage patterns. Your actual results will vary based on your roof, shading, and how you use electricity.

Your area in context

Read the full story

A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 795 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.

Unit rate
27.7p/kWh
Standing charge
70.0p/day
Sunshine yield (south)
795 kWh/kW
Export price (baseline)
10p/kWh

Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.

No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £680, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1591 kWh 636 kWh 955 kWh £176 £95 £272 £4,069 15.0 yrs £1,368
3 kW 2386 kWh 955 kWh 1432 kWh £265 £143 £408 £6,104 15.0 yrs £2,052
4 kW 3182 kWh 1273 kWh 1909 kWh £353 £191 £544 £8,138 15.0 yrs £2,736
5 kW 3977 kWh 1591 kWh 2386 kWh £441 £239 £680 £10,173 15.0 yrs £3,420
6 kW 4773 kWh 1909 kWh 2864 kWh £529 £286 £816 £12,207 15.0 yrs £4,104
7 kW 5568 kWh 2227 kWh 3341 kWh £617 £334 £951 £14,242 15.0 yrs £4,788
8 kW 6363 kWh 2545 kWh 3818 kWh £706 £382 £1,087 £16,276 15.0 yrs £5,472

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £821, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1591 kWh 955 kWh 636 kWh £265 £64 £328 £6,169 18.8 yrs £396
3 kW 2386 kWh 1432 kWh 955 kWh £397 £95 £492 £8,204 16.7 yrs £1,643
4 kW 3182 kWh 1909 kWh 1273 kWh £529 £127 £656 £10,238 15.6 yrs £2,891
5 kW 3977 kWh 2386 kWh 1591 kWh £661 £159 £821 £12,273 15.0 yrs £4,139
6 kW 4773 kWh 2864 kWh 1909 kWh £794 £191 £985 £14,307 14.5 yrs £5,387
7 kW 5568 kWh 3341 kWh 2227 kWh £926 £223 £1,149 £16,342 14.2 yrs £6,634
8 kW 6363 kWh 3818 kWh 2545 kWh £1,058 £255 £1,313 £18,376 14.0 yrs £7,882

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £891, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1591 kWh 1114 kWh 477 kWh £309 £48 £356 £7,569 21.2 yrs £-441
3 kW 2386 kWh 1670 kWh 716 kWh £463 £72 £535 £9,604 18.0 yrs £1,089
4 kW 3182 kWh 2227 kWh 955 kWh £617 £95 £713 £11,638 16.3 yrs £2,619
5 kW 3977 kWh 2784 kWh 1193 kWh £772 £119 £891 £13,673 15.3 yrs £4,148
6 kW 4773 kWh 3341 kWh 1432 kWh £926 £143 £1,069 £15,707 14.7 yrs £5,678
7 kW 5568 kWh 3898 kWh 1670 kWh £1,080 £167 £1,247 £17,742 14.2 yrs £7,208
8 kW 6363 kWh 4454 kWh 1909 kWh £1,235 £191 £1,426 £19,776 13.9 yrs £8,737

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £912, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1591 kWh 1161 kWh 430 kWh £322 £43 £365 £9,319 25.5 yrs £-2,022
3 kW 2386 kWh 1742 kWh 644 kWh £483 £64 £547 £11,354 20.7 yrs £-407
4 kW 3182 kWh 2323 kWh 859 kWh £644 £86 £730 £13,388 18.3 yrs £1,207
5 kW 3977 kWh 2903 kWh 1074 kWh £805 £107 £912 £15,423 16.9 yrs £2,821
6 kW 4773 kWh 3484 kWh 1289 kWh £966 £129 £1,095 £17,457 15.9 yrs £4,435
7 kW 5568 kWh 4065 kWh 1503 kWh £1,127 £150 £1,277 £19,492 15.3 yrs £6,050
8 kW 6363 kWh 4645 kWh 1718 kWh £1,288 £172 £1,459 £21,526 14.7 yrs £7,664

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £926, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.5 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1591 kWh 1193 kWh 398 kWh £331 £40 £371 £11,069 29.9 yrs £-3,659
3 kW 2386 kWh 1790 kWh 597 kWh £496 £60 £556 £13,104 23.6 yrs £-1,988
4 kW 3182 kWh 2386 kWh 795 kWh £661 £80 £741 £15,138 20.4 yrs £-318
5 kW 3977 kWh 2983 kWh 994 kWh £827 £99 £926 £17,173 18.5 yrs £1,353
6 kW 4773 kWh 3579 kWh 1193 kWh £992 £119 £1,112 £19,207 17.3 yrs £3,024
7 kW 5568 kWh 4176 kWh 1392 kWh £1,158 £139 £1,297 £21,242 16.4 yrs £4,694
8 kW 6363 kWh 4773 kWh 1591 kWh £1,323 £159 £1,482 £23,276 15.7 yrs £6,365

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.9 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1591 kWh 1225 kWh 366 kWh £340 £37 £376 £13,519 35.9 yrs £-5,996
3 kW 2386 kWh 1837 kWh 549 kWh £509 £55 £564 £15,554 27.6 yrs £-4,269
4 kW 3182 kWh 2450 kWh 732 kWh £679 £73 £752 £17,588 23.4 yrs £-2,542
5 kW 3977 kWh 3062 kWh 915 kWh £849 £91 £940 £19,623 20.9 yrs £-815
6 kW 4773 kWh 3675 kWh 1098 kWh £1,019 £110 £1,128 £21,657 19.2 yrs £912
7 kW 5568 kWh 4287 kWh 1281 kWh £1,188 £128 £1,317 £23,692 18.0 yrs £2,639
8 kW 6363 kWh 4900 kWh 1464 kWh £1,358 £146 £1,505 £25,726 17.1 yrs £4,366

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.

Your Area at a Glance

Your Electricity Rate
27.72p/kWh
Daily Fixed Charge
69.95p/day
Local Sunshine
795kWh/kW
A 1 kW system generates ~795 kWh per year. A typical home uses ~2,700 kWh per year.
Typical System Size
6.0kW
For houses & bungalows in this area

Local Property Data

Property Types

Houses: 77% • Flats: 0% • Bungalows: 22% Based on 186 properties

Coverage

Gwynedd (100%)

Areas Covered

Harlech a Llanbedr

Data Sources & Assumptions

Solar yield: PVGIS (EU Joint Research Centre), January 2025 data

Electricity rates: Ofgem price cap, Q4 2025

Installation costs: MCS certified installer data, March 2025

Property data: EPC open data (Open Government Licence), aggregated

All estimates are typical values. Actual results vary based on your specific situation, roof characteristics, and usage patterns.