A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 864 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £738, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1728 kWh | 691 kWh | 1037 kWh | £192 | £104 | £295 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,837 |
| 3 kW | 2592 kWh | 1037 kWh | 1555 kWh | £287 | £156 | £443 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,755 |
| 4 kW | 3456 kWh | 1382 kWh | 2074 kWh | £383 | £207 | £591 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,673 |
| 5 kW | 4320 kWh | 1728 kWh | 2592 kWh | £479 | £259 | £738 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,591 |
| 6 kW | 5184 kWh | 2074 kWh | 3110 kWh | £575 | £311 | £886 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,510 |
| 7 kW | 6048 kWh | 2419 kWh | 3629 kWh | £671 | £363 | £1,033 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,428 |
| 8 kW | 6912 kWh | 2765 kWh | 4147 kWh | £766 | £415 | £1,181 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,346 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £891, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1728 kWh | 1037 kWh | 691 kWh | £287 | £69 | £357 | £6,169 | 17.3 yrs | £961 |
| 3 kW | 2592 kWh | 1555 kWh | 1037 kWh | £431 | £104 | £535 | £8,204 | 15.3 yrs | £2,492 |
| 4 kW | 3456 kWh | 2074 kWh | 1382 kWh | £575 | £138 | £713 | £10,238 | 14.4 yrs | £4,023 |
| 5 kW | 4320 kWh | 2592 kWh | 1728 kWh | £719 | £173 | £891 | £12,273 | 13.8 yrs | £5,553 |
| 6 kW | 5184 kWh | 3110 kWh | 2074 kWh | £862 | £207 | £1,070 | £14,307 | 13.4 yrs | £7,084 |
| 7 kW | 6048 kWh | 3629 kWh | 2419 kWh | £1,006 | £242 | £1,248 | £16,342 | 13.1 yrs | £8,615 |
| 8 kW | 6912 kWh | 4147 kWh | 2765 kWh | £1,150 | £276 | £1,426 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,146 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £968, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1728 kWh | 1210 kWh | 518 kWh | £335 | £52 | £387 | £7,569 | 19.6 yrs | £174 |
| 3 kW | 2592 kWh | 1814 kWh | 778 kWh | £503 | £78 | £581 | £9,604 | 16.5 yrs | £2,011 |
| 4 kW | 3456 kWh | 2419 kWh | 1037 kWh | £671 | £104 | £774 | £11,638 | 15.0 yrs | £3,848 |
| 5 kW | 4320 kWh | 3024 kWh | 1296 kWh | £838 | £130 | £968 | £13,673 | 14.1 yrs | £5,685 |
| 6 kW | 5184 kWh | 3629 kWh | 1555 kWh | £1,006 | £156 | £1,161 | £15,707 | 13.5 yrs | £7,521 |
| 7 kW | 6048 kWh | 4234 kWh | 1814 kWh | £1,174 | £181 | £1,355 | £17,742 | 13.1 yrs | £9,358 |
| 8 kW | 6912 kWh | 4838 kWh | 2074 kWh | £1,341 | £207 | £1,549 | £19,776 | 12.8 yrs | £11,195 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1728 kWh | 1261 kWh | 467 kWh | £350 | £47 | £396 | £9,319 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,392 |
| 3 kW | 2592 kWh | 1892 kWh | 700 kWh | £525 | £70 | £594 | £11,354 | 19.1 yrs | £536 |
| 4 kW | 3456 kWh | 2523 kWh | 933 kWh | £699 | £93 | £793 | £13,388 | 16.9 yrs | £2,465 |
| 5 kW | 4320 kWh | 3154 kWh | 1166 kWh | £874 | £117 | £991 | £15,423 | 15.6 yrs | £4,394 |
| 6 kW | 5184 kWh | 3784 kWh | 1400 kWh | £1,049 | £140 | £1,189 | £17,457 | 14.7 yrs | £6,323 |
| 7 kW | 6048 kWh | 4415 kWh | 1633 kWh | £1,224 | £163 | £1,387 | £19,492 | 14.1 yrs | £8,251 |
| 8 kW | 6912 kWh | 5046 kWh | 1866 kWh | £1,399 | £187 | £1,585 | £21,526 | 13.6 yrs | £10,180 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,006, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1728 kWh | 1296 kWh | 432 kWh | £359 | £43 | £402 | £11,069 | 27.5 yrs | £-3,020 |
| 3 kW | 2592 kWh | 1944 kWh | 648 kWh | £539 | £65 | £604 | £13,104 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,030 |
| 4 kW | 3456 kWh | 2592 kWh | 864 kWh | £719 | £86 | £805 | £15,138 | 18.8 yrs | £960 |
| 5 kW | 4320 kWh | 3240 kWh | 1080 kWh | £898 | £108 | £1,006 | £17,173 | 17.1 yrs | £2,950 |
| 6 kW | 5184 kWh | 3888 kWh | 1296 kWh | £1,078 | £130 | £1,207 | £19,207 | 15.9 yrs | £4,940 |
| 7 kW | 6048 kWh | 4536 kWh | 1512 kWh | £1,257 | £151 | £1,409 | £21,242 | 15.1 yrs | £6,930 |
| 8 kW | 6912 kWh | 5184 kWh | 1728 kWh | £1,437 | £173 | £1,610 | £23,276 | 14.5 yrs | £8,920 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,021, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1728 kWh | 1331 kWh | 397 kWh | £369 | £40 | £409 | £13,519 | 33.1 yrs | £-5,348 |
| 3 kW | 2592 kWh | 1996 kWh | 596 kWh | £553 | £60 | £613 | £15,554 | 25.4 yrs | £-3,296 |
| 4 kW | 3456 kWh | 2661 kWh | 795 kWh | £738 | £79 | £817 | £17,588 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,245 |
| 5 kW | 4320 kWh | 3326 kWh | 994 kWh | £922 | £99 | £1,021 | £19,623 | 19.2 yrs | £806 |
| 6 kW | 5184 kWh | 3992 kWh | 1192 kWh | £1,106 | £119 | £1,226 | £21,657 | 17.7 yrs | £2,857 |
| 7 kW | 6048 kWh | 4657 kWh | 1391 kWh | £1,291 | £139 | £1,430 | £23,692 | 16.6 yrs | £4,909 |
| 8 kW | 6912 kWh | 5322 kWh | 1590 kWh | £1,475 | £159 | £1,634 | £25,726 | 15.7 yrs | £6,960 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.