A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 825 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £705, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 660 kWh | 990 kWh | £183 | £99 | £282 | £4,069 | 14.4 yrs | £1,571 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 990 kWh | 1485 kWh | £274 | £149 | £423 | £6,104 | 14.4 yrs | £2,356 |
| 4 kW | 3300 kWh | 1320 kWh | 1980 kWh | £366 | £198 | £564 | £8,138 | 14.4 yrs | £3,141 |
| 5 kW | 4125 kWh | 1650 kWh | 2475 kWh | £457 | £248 | £705 | £10,173 | 14.4 yrs | £3,927 |
| 6 kW | 4951 kWh | 1980 kWh | 2970 kWh | £549 | £297 | £846 | £12,207 | 14.4 yrs | £4,712 |
| 7 kW | 5776 kWh | 2310 kWh | 3465 kWh | £640 | £347 | £987 | £14,242 | 14.4 yrs | £5,497 |
| 8 kW | 6601 kWh | 2640 kWh | 3960 kWh | £732 | £396 | £1,128 | £16,276 | 14.4 yrs | £6,283 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £851, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 990 kWh | 660 kWh | £274 | £66 | £340 | £6,169 | 18.1 yrs | £640 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1485 kWh | 990 kWh | £412 | £99 | £511 | £8,204 | 16.1 yrs | £2,010 |
| 4 kW | 3300 kWh | 1980 kWh | 1320 kWh | £549 | £132 | £681 | £10,238 | 15.0 yrs | £3,381 |
| 5 kW | 4125 kWh | 2475 kWh | 1650 kWh | £686 | £165 | £851 | £12,273 | 14.4 yrs | £4,751 |
| 6 kW | 4951 kWh | 2970 kWh | 1980 kWh | £823 | £198 | £1,021 | £14,307 | 14.0 yrs | £6,121 |
| 7 kW | 5776 kWh | 3465 kWh | 2310 kWh | £961 | £231 | £1,192 | £16,342 | 13.7 yrs | £7,491 |
| 8 kW | 6601 kWh | 3960 kWh | 2640 kWh | £1,098 | £264 | £1,362 | £18,376 | 13.5 yrs | £8,861 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £924, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 1155 kWh | 495 kWh | £320 | £50 | £370 | £7,569 | 20.5 yrs | £-175 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1733 kWh | 743 kWh | £480 | £74 | £555 | £9,604 | 17.3 yrs | £1,488 |
| 4 kW | 3300 kWh | 2310 kWh | 990 kWh | £640 | £99 | £739 | £11,638 | 15.7 yrs | £3,150 |
| 5 kW | 4125 kWh | 2888 kWh | 1238 kWh | £801 | £124 | £924 | £13,673 | 14.8 yrs | £4,813 |
| 6 kW | 4951 kWh | 3465 kWh | 1485 kWh | £961 | £149 | £1,109 | £15,707 | 14.2 yrs | £6,475 |
| 7 kW | 5776 kWh | 4043 kWh | 1733 kWh | £1,121 | £173 | £1,294 | £17,742 | 13.7 yrs | £8,138 |
| 8 kW | 6601 kWh | 4621 kWh | 1980 kWh | £1,281 | £198 | £1,479 | £19,776 | 13.4 yrs | £9,800 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £946, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 1205 kWh | 446 kWh | £334 | £45 | £378 | £9,319 | 24.6 yrs | £-1,749 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1807 kWh | 668 kWh | £501 | £67 | £568 | £11,354 | 20.0 yrs | £1 |
| 4 kW | 3300 kWh | 2409 kWh | 891 kWh | £668 | £89 | £757 | £13,388 | 17.7 yrs | £1,751 |
| 5 kW | 4125 kWh | 3012 kWh | 1114 kWh | £835 | £111 | £946 | £15,423 | 16.3 yrs | £3,501 |
| 6 kW | 4951 kWh | 3614 kWh | 1337 kWh | £1,002 | £134 | £1,135 | £17,457 | 15.4 yrs | £5,252 |
| 7 kW | 5776 kWh | 4216 kWh | 1559 kWh | £1,169 | £156 | £1,325 | £19,492 | 14.7 yrs | £7,002 |
| 8 kW | 6601 kWh | 4819 kWh | 1782 kWh | £1,336 | £178 | £1,514 | £21,526 | 14.2 yrs | £8,752 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £961, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 1238 kWh | 413 kWh | £343 | £41 | £384 | £11,069 | 28.8 yrs | £-3,382 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1856 kWh | 619 kWh | £515 | £62 | £576 | £13,104 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,574 |
| 4 kW | 3300 kWh | 2475 kWh | 825 kWh | £686 | £83 | £769 | £15,138 | 19.7 yrs | £235 |
| 5 kW | 4125 kWh | 3094 kWh | 1031 kWh | £858 | £103 | £961 | £17,173 | 17.9 yrs | £2,044 |
| 6 kW | 4951 kWh | 3713 kWh | 1238 kWh | £1,029 | £124 | £1,153 | £19,207 | 16.7 yrs | £3,853 |
| 7 kW | 5776 kWh | 4332 kWh | 1444 kWh | £1,201 | £144 | £1,345 | £21,242 | 15.8 yrs | £5,661 |
| 8 kW | 6601 kWh | 4951 kWh | 1650 kWh | £1,372 | £165 | £1,537 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,470 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £975, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1650 kWh | 1271 kWh | 380 kWh | £352 | £38 | £390 | £13,519 | 34.6 yrs | £-5,716 |
| 3 kW | 2475 kWh | 1906 kWh | 569 kWh | £528 | £57 | £585 | £15,554 | 26.6 yrs | £-3,848 |
| 4 kW | 3300 kWh | 2541 kWh | 759 kWh | £704 | £76 | £780 | £17,588 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,981 |
| 5 kW | 4125 kWh | 3177 kWh | 949 kWh | £881 | £95 | £975 | £19,623 | 20.1 yrs | £-114 |
| 6 kW | 4951 kWh | 3812 kWh | 1139 kWh | £1,057 | £114 | £1,171 | £21,657 | 18.5 yrs | £1,753 |
| 7 kW | 5776 kWh | 4447 kWh | 1328 kWh | £1,233 | £133 | £1,366 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,621 |
| 8 kW | 6601 kWh | 5083 kWh | 1518 kWh | £1,409 | £152 | £1,561 | £25,726 | 16.5 yrs | £5,488 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.