A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 940 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £804, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1881 kWh | 752 kWh | 1129 kWh | £209 | £113 | £321 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,359 |
| 3 kW | 2821 kWh | 1129 kWh | 1693 kWh | £313 | £169 | £482 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,539 |
| 4 kW | 3762 kWh | 1505 kWh | 2257 kWh | £417 | £226 | £643 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,718 |
| 5 kW | 4702 kWh | 1881 kWh | 2821 kWh | £521 | £282 | £804 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,898 |
| 6 kW | 5643 kWh | 2257 kWh | 3386 kWh | £626 | £339 | £964 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £7,078 |
| 7 kW | 6583 kWh | 2633 kWh | 3950 kWh | £730 | £395 | £1,125 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,257 |
| 8 kW | 7524 kWh | 3009 kWh | 4514 kWh | £834 | £451 | £1,286 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,437 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £970, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1881 kWh | 1129 kWh | 752 kWh | £313 | £75 | £388 | £6,169 | 15.9 yrs | £1,592 |
| 3 kW | 2821 kWh | 1693 kWh | 1129 kWh | £469 | £113 | £582 | £8,204 | 14.1 yrs | £3,439 |
| 4 kW | 3762 kWh | 2257 kWh | 1505 kWh | £626 | £150 | £776 | £10,238 | 13.2 yrs | £5,285 |
| 5 kW | 4702 kWh | 2821 kWh | 1881 kWh | £782 | £188 | £970 | £12,273 | 12.6 yrs | £7,131 |
| 6 kW | 5643 kWh | 3386 kWh | 2257 kWh | £939 | £226 | £1,164 | £14,307 | 12.3 yrs | £8,977 |
| 7 kW | 6583 kWh | 3950 kWh | 2633 kWh | £1,095 | £263 | £1,358 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,823 |
| 8 kW | 7524 kWh | 4514 kWh | 3009 kWh | £1,251 | £301 | £1,552 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,670 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,054, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1881 kWh | 1317 kWh | 564 kWh | £365 | £56 | £421 | £7,569 | 18.0 yrs | £859 |
| 3 kW | 2821 kWh | 1975 kWh | 846 kWh | £547 | £85 | £632 | £9,604 | 15.2 yrs | £3,039 |
| 4 kW | 3762 kWh | 2633 kWh | 1129 kWh | £730 | £113 | £843 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,218 |
| 5 kW | 4702 kWh | 3292 kWh | 1411 kWh | £912 | £141 | £1,054 | £13,673 | 13.0 yrs | £7,398 |
| 6 kW | 5643 kWh | 3950 kWh | 1693 kWh | £1,095 | £169 | £1,264 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,577 |
| 7 kW | 6583 kWh | 4608 kWh | 1975 kWh | £1,277 | £197 | £1,475 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,757 |
| 8 kW | 7524 kWh | 5267 kWh | 2257 kWh | £1,460 | £226 | £1,686 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £13,936 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,079, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1881 kWh | 1373 kWh | 508 kWh | £381 | £51 | £431 | £9,319 | 21.6 yrs | £-691 |
| 3 kW | 2821 kWh | 2060 kWh | 762 kWh | £571 | £76 | £647 | £11,354 | 17.5 yrs | £1,588 |
| 4 kW | 3762 kWh | 2746 kWh | 1016 kWh | £761 | £102 | £863 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,868 |
| 5 kW | 4702 kWh | 3433 kWh | 1270 kWh | £952 | £127 | £1,079 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,147 |
| 6 kW | 5643 kWh | 4119 kWh | 1524 kWh | £1,142 | £152 | £1,294 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,427 |
| 7 kW | 6583 kWh | 4806 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,332 | £178 | £1,510 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,706 |
| 8 kW | 7524 kWh | 5492 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,522 | £203 | £1,726 | £21,526 | 12.5 yrs | £12,986 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1881 kWh | 1411 kWh | 470 kWh | £391 | £47 | £438 | £11,069 | 25.3 yrs | £-2,308 |
| 3 kW | 2821 kWh | 2116 kWh | 705 kWh | £587 | £71 | £657 | £13,104 | 19.9 yrs | £38 |
| 4 kW | 3762 kWh | 2821 kWh | 940 kWh | £782 | £94 | £876 | £15,138 | 17.3 yrs | £2,385 |
| 5 kW | 4702 kWh | 3527 kWh | 1176 kWh | £978 | £118 | £1,095 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,731 |
| 6 kW | 5643 kWh | 4232 kWh | 1411 kWh | £1,173 | £141 | £1,314 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,077 |
| 7 kW | 6583 kWh | 4937 kWh | 1646 kWh | £1,369 | £165 | £1,533 | £21,242 | 13.9 yrs | £9,423 |
| 8 kW | 7524 kWh | 5643 kWh | 1881 kWh | £1,564 | £188 | £1,752 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,769 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,112, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1881 kWh | 1448 kWh | 433 kWh | £401 | £43 | £445 | £13,519 | 30.4 yrs | £-4,624 |
| 3 kW | 2821 kWh | 2172 kWh | 649 kWh | £602 | £65 | £667 | £15,554 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,212 |
| 4 kW | 3762 kWh | 2897 kWh | 865 kWh | £803 | £87 | £889 | £17,588 | 19.8 yrs | £201 |
| 5 kW | 4702 kWh | 3621 kWh | 1082 kWh | £1,004 | £108 | £1,112 | £19,623 | 17.6 yrs | £2,614 |
| 6 kW | 5643 kWh | 4345 kWh | 1298 kWh | £1,204 | £130 | £1,334 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,027 |
| 7 kW | 6583 kWh | 5069 kWh | 1514 kWh | £1,405 | £151 | £1,557 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,440 |
| 8 kW | 7524 kWh | 5793 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,606 | £173 | £1,779 | £25,726 | 14.5 yrs | £9,852 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.