A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 823 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £704, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 659 kWh | 988 kWh | £183 | £99 | £281 | £4,069 | 14.5 yrs | £1,559 |
| 3 kW | 2470 kWh | 988 kWh | 1482 kWh | £274 | £148 | £422 | £6,104 | 14.5 yrs | £2,339 |
| 4 kW | 3294 kWh | 1317 kWh | 1976 kWh | £365 | £198 | £563 | £8,138 | 14.5 yrs | £3,119 |
| 5 kW | 4117 kWh | 1647 kWh | 2470 kWh | £457 | £247 | £704 | £10,173 | 14.5 yrs | £3,898 |
| 6 kW | 4941 kWh | 1976 kWh | 2964 kWh | £548 | £296 | £844 | £12,207 | 14.5 yrs | £4,678 |
| 7 kW | 5764 kWh | 2306 kWh | 3458 kWh | £639 | £346 | £985 | £14,242 | 14.5 yrs | £5,458 |
| 8 kW | 6587 kWh | 2635 kWh | 3952 kWh | £730 | £395 | £1,126 | £16,276 | 14.5 yrs | £6,237 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £849, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 988 kWh | 659 kWh | £274 | £66 | £340 | £6,169 | 18.2 yrs | £627 |
| 3 kW | 2470 kWh | 1482 kWh | 988 kWh | £411 | £99 | £510 | £8,204 | 16.1 yrs | £1,990 |
| 4 kW | 3294 kWh | 1976 kWh | 1317 kWh | £548 | £132 | £680 | £10,238 | 15.1 yrs | £3,353 |
| 5 kW | 4117 kWh | 2470 kWh | 1647 kWh | £685 | £165 | £849 | £12,273 | 14.4 yrs | £4,716 |
| 6 kW | 4941 kWh | 2964 kWh | 1976 kWh | £822 | £198 | £1,019 | £14,307 | 14.0 yrs | £6,080 |
| 7 kW | 5764 kWh | 3458 kWh | 2306 kWh | £959 | £231 | £1,189 | £16,342 | 13.7 yrs | £7,443 |
| 8 kW | 6587 kWh | 3952 kWh | 2635 kWh | £1,096 | £263 | £1,359 | £18,376 | 13.5 yrs | £8,806 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £922, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 1153 kWh | 494 kWh | £320 | £49 | £369 | £7,569 | 20.5 yrs | £-190 |
| 3 kW | 2470 kWh | 1729 kWh | 741 kWh | £479 | £74 | £553 | £9,604 | 17.4 yrs | £1,465 |
| 4 kW | 3294 kWh | 2306 kWh | 988 kWh | £639 | £99 | £738 | £11,638 | 15.8 yrs | £3,120 |
| 5 kW | 4117 kWh | 2882 kWh | 1235 kWh | £799 | £124 | £922 | £13,673 | 14.8 yrs | £4,776 |
| 6 kW | 4941 kWh | 3458 kWh | 1482 kWh | £959 | £148 | £1,107 | £15,707 | 14.2 yrs | £6,431 |
| 7 kW | 5764 kWh | 4035 kWh | 1729 kWh | £1,118 | £173 | £1,291 | £17,742 | 13.7 yrs | £8,086 |
| 8 kW | 6587 kWh | 4611 kWh | 1976 kWh | £1,278 | £198 | £1,476 | £19,776 | 13.4 yrs | £9,741 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 1202 kWh | 445 kWh | £333 | £44 | £378 | £9,319 | 24.7 yrs | £-1,765 |
| 3 kW | 2470 kWh | 1803 kWh | 667 kWh | £500 | £67 | £567 | £11,354 | 20.0 yrs | £-22 |
| 4 kW | 3294 kWh | 2404 kWh | 889 kWh | £667 | £89 | £755 | £13,388 | 17.7 yrs | £1,721 |
| 5 kW | 4117 kWh | 3006 kWh | 1112 kWh | £833 | £111 | £944 | £15,423 | 16.3 yrs | £3,463 |
| 6 kW | 4941 kWh | 3607 kWh | 1334 kWh | £1,000 | £133 | £1,133 | £17,457 | 15.4 yrs | £5,206 |
| 7 kW | 5764 kWh | 4208 kWh | 1556 kWh | £1,166 | £156 | £1,322 | £19,492 | 14.7 yrs | £6,949 |
| 8 kW | 6587 kWh | 4809 kWh | 1779 kWh | £1,333 | £178 | £1,511 | £21,526 | 14.2 yrs | £8,691 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £959, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 1235 kWh | 412 kWh | £342 | £41 | £384 | £11,069 | 28.9 yrs | £-3,398 |
| 3 kW | 2470 kWh | 1853 kWh | 618 kWh | £514 | £62 | £575 | £13,104 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,597 |
| 4 kW | 3294 kWh | 2470 kWh | 823 kWh | £685 | £82 | £767 | £15,138 | 19.7 yrs | £204 |
| 5 kW | 4117 kWh | 3088 kWh | 1029 kWh | £856 | £103 | £959 | £17,173 | 17.9 yrs | £2,005 |
| 6 kW | 4941 kWh | 3705 kWh | 1235 kWh | £1,027 | £124 | £1,151 | £19,207 | 16.7 yrs | £3,806 |
| 7 kW | 5764 kWh | 4323 kWh | 1441 kWh | £1,198 | £144 | £1,342 | £21,242 | 15.8 yrs | £5,607 |
| 8 kW | 6587 kWh | 4941 kWh | 1647 kWh | £1,370 | £165 | £1,534 | £23,276 | 15.2 yrs | £7,408 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £973, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 1268 kWh | 379 kWh | £352 | £38 | £389 | £13,519 | 34.7 yrs | £-5,731 |
| 3 kW | 2470 kWh | 1902 kWh | 568 kWh | £527 | £57 | £584 | £15,554 | 26.6 yrs | £-3,872 |
| 4 kW | 3294 kWh | 2536 kWh | 758 kWh | £703 | £76 | £779 | £17,588 | 22.6 yrs | £-2,012 |
| 5 kW | 4117 kWh | 3170 kWh | 947 kWh | £879 | £95 | £973 | £19,623 | 20.2 yrs | £-153 |
| 6 kW | 4941 kWh | 3804 kWh | 1136 kWh | £1,055 | £114 | £1,168 | £21,657 | 18.5 yrs | £1,706 |
| 7 kW | 5764 kWh | 4438 kWh | 1326 kWh | £1,230 | £133 | £1,363 | £23,692 | 17.4 yrs | £3,566 |
| 8 kW | 6587 kWh | 5072 kWh | 1515 kWh | £1,406 | £152 | £1,558 | £25,726 | 16.5 yrs | £5,425 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.