A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 955 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £775, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 764 kWh | 1146 kWh | £195 | £115 | £310 | £4,069 | 13.1 yrs | £2,127 |
| 3 kW | 2865 kWh | 1146 kWh | 1719 kWh | £293 | £172 | £465 | £6,104 | 13.1 yrs | £3,191 |
| 4 kW | 3820 kWh | 1528 kWh | 2292 kWh | £390 | £229 | £620 | £8,138 | 13.1 yrs | £4,254 |
| 5 kW | 4775 kWh | 1910 kWh | 2865 kWh | £488 | £286 | £775 | £10,173 | 13.1 yrs | £5,318 |
| 6 kW | 5730 kWh | 2292 kWh | 3438 kWh | £586 | £344 | £929 | £12,207 | 13.1 yrs | £6,381 |
| 7 kW | 6685 kWh | 2674 kWh | 4011 kWh | £683 | £401 | £1,084 | £14,242 | 13.1 yrs | £7,445 |
| 8 kW | 7640 kWh | 3056 kWh | 4584 kWh | £781 | £458 | £1,239 | £16,276 | 13.1 yrs | £8,508 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £923, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1146 kWh | 764 kWh | £293 | £76 | £369 | £6,169 | 16.7 yrs | £1,215 |
| 3 kW | 2865 kWh | 1719 kWh | 1146 kWh | £439 | £115 | £554 | £8,204 | 14.8 yrs | £2,873 |
| 4 kW | 3820 kWh | 2292 kWh | 1528 kWh | £586 | £153 | £738 | £10,238 | 13.9 yrs | £4,530 |
| 5 kW | 4775 kWh | 2865 kWh | 1910 kWh | £732 | £191 | £923 | £12,273 | 13.3 yrs | £6,188 |
| 6 kW | 5730 kWh | 3438 kWh | 2292 kWh | £878 | £229 | £1,108 | £14,307 | 12.9 yrs | £7,845 |
| 7 kW | 6685 kWh | 4011 kWh | 2674 kWh | £1,025 | £267 | £1,292 | £16,342 | 12.6 yrs | £9,503 |
| 8 kW | 7640 kWh | 4584 kWh | 3056 kWh | £1,171 | £306 | £1,477 | £18,376 | 12.4 yrs | £11,160 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £997, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1337 kWh | 573 kWh | £342 | £57 | £399 | £7,569 | 19.0 yrs | £409 |
| 3 kW | 2865 kWh | 2005 kWh | 860 kWh | £512 | £86 | £598 | £9,604 | 16.0 yrs | £2,364 |
| 4 kW | 3820 kWh | 2674 kWh | 1146 kWh | £683 | £115 | £798 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,318 |
| 5 kW | 4775 kWh | 3342 kWh | 1432 kWh | £854 | £143 | £997 | £13,673 | 13.7 yrs | £6,273 |
| 6 kW | 5730 kWh | 4011 kWh | 1719 kWh | £1,025 | £172 | £1,197 | £15,707 | 13.1 yrs | £8,227 |
| 7 kW | 6685 kWh | 4680 kWh | 2006 kWh | £1,196 | £201 | £1,396 | £17,742 | 12.7 yrs | £10,182 |
| 8 kW | 7640 kWh | 5348 kWh | 2292 kWh | £1,366 | £229 | £1,596 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,136 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,020, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1394 kWh | 516 kWh | £356 | £52 | £408 | £9,319 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,163 |
| 3 kW | 2865 kWh | 2091 kWh | 774 kWh | £534 | £77 | £612 | £11,354 | 18.6 yrs | £881 |
| 4 kW | 3820 kWh | 2789 kWh | 1031 kWh | £712 | £103 | £816 | £13,388 | 16.4 yrs | £2,925 |
| 5 kW | 4775 kWh | 3486 kWh | 1289 kWh | £891 | £129 | £1,020 | £15,423 | 15.1 yrs | £4,968 |
| 6 kW | 5730 kWh | 4183 kWh | 1547 kWh | £1,069 | £155 | £1,223 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £7,012 |
| 7 kW | 6685 kWh | 4880 kWh | 1805 kWh | £1,247 | £180 | £1,427 | £19,492 | 13.7 yrs | £9,055 |
| 8 kW | 7640 kWh | 5577 kWh | 2063 kWh | £1,425 | £206 | £1,631 | £21,526 | 13.2 yrs | £11,099 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,034, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1432 kWh | 478 kWh | £366 | £48 | £414 | £11,069 | 26.8 yrs | £-2,794 |
| 3 kW | 2865 kWh | 2149 kWh | 716 kWh | £549 | £72 | £621 | £13,104 | 21.1 yrs | £-691 |
| 4 kW | 3820 kWh | 2865 kWh | 955 kWh | £732 | £96 | £828 | £15,138 | 18.3 yrs | £1,412 |
| 5 kW | 4775 kWh | 3581 kWh | 1194 kWh | £915 | £119 | £1,034 | £17,173 | 16.6 yrs | £3,515 |
| 6 kW | 5730 kWh | 4298 kWh | 1432 kWh | £1,098 | £143 | £1,241 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,618 |
| 7 kW | 6685 kWh | 5014 kWh | 1671 kWh | £1,281 | £167 | £1,448 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,721 |
| 8 kW | 7640 kWh | 5730 kWh | 1910 kWh | £1,464 | £191 | £1,655 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,824 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,049, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1471 kWh | 439 kWh | £376 | £44 | £420 | £13,519 | 32.2 yrs | £-5,125 |
| 3 kW | 2865 kWh | 2206 kWh | 659 kWh | £564 | £66 | £630 | £15,554 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,963 |
| 4 kW | 3820 kWh | 2941 kWh | 879 kWh | £752 | £88 | £839 | £17,588 | 21.0 yrs | £-800 |
| 5 kW | 4775 kWh | 3677 kWh | 1098 kWh | £939 | £110 | £1,049 | £19,623 | 18.7 yrs | £1,362 |
| 6 kW | 5730 kWh | 4412 kWh | 1318 kWh | £1,127 | £132 | £1,259 | £21,657 | 17.2 yrs | £3,525 |
| 7 kW | 6685 kWh | 5147 kWh | 1538 kWh | £1,315 | £154 | £1,469 | £23,692 | 16.1 yrs | £5,687 |
| 8 kW | 7640 kWh | 5883 kWh | 1757 kWh | £1,503 | £176 | £1,679 | £25,726 | 15.3 yrs | £7,849 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.