A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 852 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £718, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1705 kWh | 682 kWh | 1023 kWh | £185 | £102 | £287 | £4,069 | 14.2 yrs | £1,673 |
| 3 kW | 2557 kWh | 1023 kWh | 1534 kWh | £277 | £153 | £431 | £6,104 | 14.2 yrs | £2,510 |
| 4 kW | 3409 kWh | 1364 kWh | 2045 kWh | £370 | £205 | £574 | £8,138 | 14.2 yrs | £3,346 |
| 5 kW | 4261 kWh | 1705 kWh | 2557 kWh | £462 | £256 | £718 | £10,173 | 14.2 yrs | £4,183 |
| 6 kW | 5114 kWh | 2045 kWh | 3068 kWh | £555 | £307 | £861 | £12,207 | 14.2 yrs | £5,020 |
| 7 kW | 5966 kWh | 2386 kWh | 3580 kWh | £647 | £358 | £1,005 | £14,242 | 14.2 yrs | £5,856 |
| 8 kW | 6818 kWh | 2727 kWh | 4091 kWh | £739 | £409 | £1,148 | £16,276 | 14.2 yrs | £6,693 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £864, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1705 kWh | 1023 kWh | 682 kWh | £277 | £68 | £345 | £6,169 | 17.9 yrs | £740 |
| 3 kW | 2557 kWh | 1534 kWh | 1023 kWh | £416 | £102 | £518 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,160 |
| 4 kW | 3409 kWh | 2045 kWh | 1364 kWh | £555 | £136 | £691 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,580 |
| 5 kW | 4261 kWh | 2557 kWh | 1705 kWh | £693 | £170 | £864 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £5,000 |
| 6 kW | 5114 kWh | 3068 kWh | 2045 kWh | £832 | £205 | £1,036 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,419 |
| 7 kW | 5966 kWh | 3580 kWh | 2386 kWh | £970 | £239 | £1,209 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,839 |
| 8 kW | 6818 kWh | 4091 kWh | 2727 kWh | £1,109 | £273 | £1,382 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,259 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £937, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1705 kWh | 1193 kWh | 511 kWh | £323 | £51 | £375 | £7,569 | 20.2 yrs | £-77 |
| 3 kW | 2557 kWh | 1790 kWh | 767 kWh | £485 | £77 | £562 | £9,604 | 17.1 yrs | £1,635 |
| 4 kW | 3409 kWh | 2386 kWh | 1023 kWh | £647 | £102 | £749 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,346 |
| 5 kW | 4261 kWh | 2983 kWh | 1278 kWh | £809 | £128 | £937 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,058 |
| 6 kW | 5114 kWh | 3580 kWh | 1534 kWh | £970 | £153 | £1,124 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,769 |
| 7 kW | 5966 kWh | 4176 kWh | 1790 kWh | £1,132 | £179 | £1,311 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,481 |
| 8 kW | 6818 kWh | 4773 kWh | 2045 kWh | £1,294 | £205 | £1,498 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,192 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £958, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1705 kWh | 1244 kWh | 460 kWh | £337 | £46 | £383 | £9,319 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,652 |
| 3 kW | 2557 kWh | 1866 kWh | 690 kWh | £506 | £69 | £575 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £147 |
| 4 kW | 3409 kWh | 2489 kWh | 920 kWh | £675 | £92 | £767 | £13,388 | 17.5 yrs | £1,946 |
| 5 kW | 4261 kWh | 3111 kWh | 1151 kWh | £843 | £115 | £958 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,745 |
| 6 kW | 5114 kWh | 3733 kWh | 1381 kWh | £1,012 | £138 | £1,150 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,544 |
| 7 kW | 5966 kWh | 4355 kWh | 1611 kWh | £1,181 | £161 | £1,342 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,343 |
| 8 kW | 6818 kWh | 4977 kWh | 1841 kWh | £1,349 | £184 | £1,533 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,142 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £973, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1705 kWh | 1278 kWh | 426 kWh | £347 | £43 | £389 | £11,069 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,285 |
| 3 kW | 2557 kWh | 1918 kWh | 639 kWh | £520 | £64 | £584 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,428 |
| 4 kW | 3409 kWh | 2557 kWh | 852 kWh | £693 | £85 | £778 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £430 |
| 5 kW | 4261 kWh | 3196 kWh | 1065 kWh | £866 | £107 | £973 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,287 |
| 6 kW | 5114 kWh | 3835 kWh | 1278 kWh | £1,040 | £128 | £1,168 | £19,207 | 16.5 yrs | £4,144 |
| 7 kW | 5966 kWh | 4474 kWh | 1491 kWh | £1,213 | £149 | £1,362 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £6,002 |
| 8 kW | 6818 kWh | 5114 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,386 | £170 | £1,557 | £23,276 | 15.0 yrs | £7,859 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1705 kWh | 1312 kWh | 392 kWh | £356 | £39 | £395 | £13,519 | 34.2 yrs | £-5,619 |
| 3 kW | 2557 kWh | 1969 kWh | 588 kWh | £534 | £59 | £593 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,703 |
| 4 kW | 3409 kWh | 2625 kWh | 784 kWh | £712 | £78 | £790 | £17,588 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,787 |
| 5 kW | 4261 kWh | 3281 kWh | 980 kWh | £890 | £98 | £988 | £19,623 | 19.9 yrs | £129 |
| 6 kW | 5114 kWh | 3937 kWh | 1176 kWh | £1,067 | £118 | £1,185 | £21,657 | 18.3 yrs | £2,044 |
| 7 kW | 5966 kWh | 4594 kWh | 1372 kWh | £1,245 | £137 | £1,383 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £3,960 |
| 8 kW | 6818 kWh | 5250 kWh | 1568 kWh | £1,423 | £157 | £1,580 | £25,726 | 16.3 yrs | £5,876 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.