A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 846 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £713, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 677 kWh | 1016 kWh | £184 | £102 | £285 | £4,069 | 14.3 yrs | £1,633 |
| 3 kW | 2539 kWh | 1016 kWh | 1523 kWh | £275 | £152 | £428 | £6,104 | 14.3 yrs | £2,450 |
| 4 kW | 3385 kWh | 1354 kWh | 2031 kWh | £367 | £203 | £570 | £8,138 | 14.3 yrs | £3,266 |
| 5 kW | 4232 kWh | 1693 kWh | 2539 kWh | £459 | £254 | £713 | £10,173 | 14.3 yrs | £4,083 |
| 6 kW | 5078 kWh | 2031 kWh | 3047 kWh | £551 | £305 | £855 | £12,207 | 14.3 yrs | £4,899 |
| 7 kW | 5924 kWh | 2370 kWh | 3555 kWh | £642 | £355 | £998 | £14,242 | 14.3 yrs | £5,716 |
| 8 kW | 6770 kWh | 2708 kWh | 4062 kWh | £734 | £406 | £1,140 | £16,276 | 14.3 yrs | £6,532 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £858, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1016 kWh | 677 kWh | £275 | £68 | £343 | £6,169 | 18.0 yrs | £692 |
| 3 kW | 2539 kWh | 1523 kWh | 1016 kWh | £413 | £102 | £515 | £8,204 | 15.9 yrs | £2,087 |
| 4 kW | 3385 kWh | 2031 kWh | 1354 kWh | £551 | £135 | £686 | £10,238 | 14.9 yrs | £3,483 |
| 5 kW | 4232 kWh | 2539 kWh | 1693 kWh | £688 | £169 | £858 | £12,273 | 14.3 yrs | £4,879 |
| 6 kW | 5078 kWh | 3047 kWh | 2031 kWh | £826 | £203 | £1,029 | £14,307 | 13.9 yrs | £6,275 |
| 7 kW | 5924 kWh | 3555 kWh | 2370 kWh | £964 | £237 | £1,201 | £16,342 | 13.6 yrs | £7,670 |
| 8 kW | 6770 kWh | 4062 kWh | 2708 kWh | £1,101 | £271 | £1,372 | £18,376 | 13.4 yrs | £9,066 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £930, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1185 kWh | 508 kWh | £321 | £51 | £372 | £7,569 | 20.3 yrs | £-129 |
| 3 kW | 2539 kWh | 1777 kWh | 762 kWh | £482 | £76 | £558 | £9,604 | 17.2 yrs | £1,556 |
| 4 kW | 3385 kWh | 2370 kWh | 1016 kWh | £642 | £102 | £744 | £11,638 | 15.6 yrs | £3,241 |
| 5 kW | 4232 kWh | 2962 kWh | 1269 kWh | £803 | £127 | £930 | £13,673 | 14.7 yrs | £4,927 |
| 6 kW | 5078 kWh | 3555 kWh | 1523 kWh | £964 | £152 | £1,116 | £15,707 | 14.1 yrs | £6,612 |
| 7 kW | 5924 kWh | 4147 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,124 | £178 | £1,302 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,298 |
| 8 kW | 6770 kWh | 4739 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,285 | £203 | £1,488 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £9,983 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £952, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1236 kWh | 457 kWh | £335 | £46 | £381 | £9,319 | 24.5 yrs | £-1,706 |
| 3 kW | 2539 kWh | 1853 kWh | 686 kWh | £502 | £69 | £571 | £11,354 | 19.9 yrs | £67 |
| 4 kW | 3385 kWh | 2471 kWh | 914 kWh | £670 | £91 | £761 | £13,388 | 17.6 yrs | £1,839 |
| 5 kW | 4232 kWh | 3089 kWh | 1143 kWh | £837 | £114 | £952 | £15,423 | 16.2 yrs | £3,611 |
| 6 kW | 5078 kWh | 3707 kWh | 1371 kWh | £1,005 | £137 | £1,142 | £17,457 | 15.3 yrs | £5,383 |
| 7 kW | 5924 kWh | 4325 kWh | 1600 kWh | £1,172 | £160 | £1,332 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,156 |
| 8 kW | 6770 kWh | 4942 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,340 | £183 | £1,523 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £8,928 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £966, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1269 kWh | 423 kWh | £344 | £42 | £386 | £11,069 | 28.6 yrs | £-3,340 |
| 3 kW | 2539 kWh | 1904 kWh | 635 kWh | £516 | £63 | £580 | £13,104 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,510 |
| 4 kW | 3385 kWh | 2539 kWh | 846 kWh | £688 | £85 | £773 | £15,138 | 19.6 yrs | £321 |
| 5 kW | 4232 kWh | 3174 kWh | 1058 kWh | £860 | £106 | £966 | £17,173 | 17.8 yrs | £2,151 |
| 6 kW | 5078 kWh | 3808 kWh | 1269 kWh | £1,032 | £127 | £1,159 | £19,207 | 16.6 yrs | £3,981 |
| 7 kW | 5924 kWh | 4443 kWh | 1481 kWh | £1,205 | £148 | £1,353 | £21,242 | 15.7 yrs | £5,811 |
| 8 kW | 6770 kWh | 5078 kWh | 1693 kWh | £1,377 | £169 | £1,546 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,641 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £981, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1303 kWh | 389 kWh | £353 | £39 | £392 | £13,519 | 34.5 yrs | £-5,674 |
| 3 kW | 2539 kWh | 1955 kWh | 584 kWh | £530 | £58 | £588 | £15,554 | 26.4 yrs | £-3,786 |
| 4 kW | 3385 kWh | 2607 kWh | 779 kWh | £707 | £78 | £785 | £17,588 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,898 |
| 5 kW | 4232 kWh | 3258 kWh | 973 kWh | £883 | £97 | £981 | £19,623 | 20.0 yrs | £-10 |
| 6 kW | 5078 kWh | 3910 kWh | 1168 kWh | £1,060 | £117 | £1,177 | £21,657 | 18.4 yrs | £1,879 |
| 7 kW | 5924 kWh | 4562 kWh | 1363 kWh | £1,237 | £136 | £1,373 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,767 |
| 8 kW | 6770 kWh | 5213 kWh | 1557 kWh | £1,413 | £156 | £1,569 | £25,726 | 16.4 yrs | £5,655 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.