A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 816 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £687, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1633 kWh | 653 kWh | 980 kWh | £177 | £98 | £275 | £4,069 | 14.8 yrs | £1,431 |
| 3 kW | 2449 kWh | 980 kWh | 1469 kWh | £266 | £147 | £412 | £6,104 | 14.8 yrs | £2,146 |
| 4 kW | 3265 kWh | 1306 kWh | 1959 kWh | £354 | £196 | £550 | £8,138 | 14.8 yrs | £2,861 |
| 5 kW | 4081 kWh | 1633 kWh | 2449 kWh | £443 | £245 | £687 | £10,173 | 14.8 yrs | £3,577 |
| 6 kW | 4898 kWh | 1959 kWh | 2939 kWh | £531 | £294 | £825 | £12,207 | 14.8 yrs | £4,292 |
| 7 kW | 5714 kWh | 2286 kWh | 3428 kWh | £620 | £343 | £962 | £14,242 | 14.8 yrs | £5,007 |
| 8 kW | 6530 kWh | 2612 kWh | 3918 kWh | £708 | £392 | £1,100 | £16,276 | 14.8 yrs | £5,723 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £827, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1633 kWh | 980 kWh | 653 kWh | £266 | £65 | £331 | £6,169 | 18.6 yrs | £448 |
| 3 kW | 2449 kWh | 1469 kWh | 980 kWh | £398 | £98 | £496 | £8,204 | 16.5 yrs | £1,722 |
| 4 kW | 3265 kWh | 1959 kWh | 1306 kWh | £531 | £131 | £662 | £10,238 | 15.5 yrs | £2,996 |
| 5 kW | 4081 kWh | 2449 kWh | 1633 kWh | £664 | £163 | £827 | £12,273 | 14.8 yrs | £4,270 |
| 6 kW | 4898 kWh | 2939 kWh | 1959 kWh | £797 | £196 | £993 | £14,307 | 14.4 yrs | £5,544 |
| 7 kW | 5714 kWh | 3428 kWh | 2286 kWh | £929 | £229 | £1,158 | £16,342 | 14.1 yrs | £6,818 |
| 8 kW | 6530 kWh | 3918 kWh | 2612 kWh | £1,062 | £261 | £1,323 | £18,376 | 13.9 yrs | £8,092 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £897, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1633 kWh | 1143 kWh | 490 kWh | £310 | £49 | £359 | £7,569 | 21.1 yrs | £-393 |
| 3 kW | 2449 kWh | 1714 kWh | 735 kWh | £465 | £73 | £538 | £9,604 | 17.8 yrs | £1,160 |
| 4 kW | 3265 kWh | 2286 kWh | 980 kWh | £620 | £98 | £718 | £11,638 | 16.2 yrs | £2,713 |
| 5 kW | 4081 kWh | 2857 kWh | 1224 kWh | £775 | £122 | £897 | £13,673 | 15.2 yrs | £4,267 |
| 6 kW | 4898 kWh | 3428 kWh | 1469 kWh | £929 | £147 | £1,076 | £15,707 | 14.6 yrs | £5,820 |
| 7 kW | 5714 kWh | 4000 kWh | 1714 kWh | £1,084 | £171 | £1,256 | £17,742 | 14.1 yrs | £7,373 |
| 8 kW | 6530 kWh | 4571 kWh | 1959 kWh | £1,239 | £196 | £1,435 | £19,776 | 13.8 yrs | £8,927 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £918, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1633 kWh | 1192 kWh | 441 kWh | £323 | £44 | £367 | £9,319 | 25.4 yrs | £-1,976 |
| 3 kW | 2449 kWh | 1788 kWh | 661 kWh | £485 | £66 | £551 | £11,354 | 20.6 yrs | £-339 |
| 4 kW | 3265 kWh | 2384 kWh | 882 kWh | £646 | £88 | £734 | £13,388 | 18.2 yrs | £1,298 |
| 5 kW | 4081 kWh | 2979 kWh | 1102 kWh | £808 | £110 | £918 | £15,423 | 16.8 yrs | £2,936 |
| 6 kW | 4898 kWh | 3575 kWh | 1322 kWh | £969 | £132 | £1,101 | £17,457 | 15.8 yrs | £4,573 |
| 7 kW | 5714 kWh | 4171 kWh | 1543 kWh | £1,131 | £154 | £1,285 | £19,492 | 15.2 yrs | £6,210 |
| 8 kW | 6530 kWh | 4767 kWh | 1763 kWh | £1,292 | £176 | £1,469 | £21,526 | 14.7 yrs | £7,847 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £932, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1633 kWh | 1224 kWh | 408 kWh | £332 | £41 | £373 | £11,069 | 29.7 yrs | £-3,614 |
| 3 kW | 2449 kWh | 1837 kWh | 612 kWh | £498 | £61 | £559 | £13,104 | 23.4 yrs | £-1,921 |
| 4 kW | 3265 kWh | 2449 kWh | 816 kWh | £664 | £82 | £745 | £15,138 | 20.3 yrs | £-228 |
| 5 kW | 4081 kWh | 3061 kWh | 1020 kWh | £830 | £102 | £932 | £17,173 | 18.4 yrs | £1,465 |
| 6 kW | 4898 kWh | 3673 kWh | 1224 kWh | £996 | £122 | £1,118 | £19,207 | 17.2 yrs | £3,158 |
| 7 kW | 5714 kWh | 4285 kWh | 1428 kWh | £1,162 | £143 | £1,305 | £21,242 | 16.3 yrs | £4,851 |
| 8 kW | 6530 kWh | 4898 kWh | 1633 kWh | £1,328 | £163 | £1,491 | £23,276 | 15.6 yrs | £6,544 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £946, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1633 kWh | 1257 kWh | 375 kWh | £341 | £38 | £378 | £13,519 | 35.7 yrs | £-5,952 |
| 3 kW | 2449 kWh | 1886 kWh | 563 kWh | £511 | £56 | £568 | £15,554 | 27.4 yrs | £-4,203 |
| 4 kW | 3265 kWh | 2514 kWh | 751 kWh | £682 | £75 | £757 | £17,588 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,455 |
| 5 kW | 4081 kWh | 3143 kWh | 939 kWh | £852 | £94 | £946 | £19,623 | 20.7 yrs | £-706 |
| 6 kW | 4898 kWh | 3771 kWh | 1126 kWh | £1,022 | £113 | £1,135 | £21,657 | 19.1 yrs | £1,043 |
| 7 kW | 5714 kWh | 4400 kWh | 1314 kWh | £1,193 | £131 | £1,324 | £23,692 | 17.9 yrs | £2,792 |
| 8 kW | 6530 kWh | 5028 kWh | 1502 kWh | £1,363 | £150 | £1,513 | £25,726 | 17.0 yrs | £4,541 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.