A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 931 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £795, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1861 kWh | 744 kWh | 1117 kWh | £206 | £112 | £318 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,291 |
| 3 kW | 2792 kWh | 1117 kWh | 1675 kWh | £310 | £167 | £477 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,437 |
| 4 kW | 3722 kWh | 1489 kWh | 2233 kWh | £413 | £223 | £636 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,583 |
| 5 kW | 4653 kWh | 1861 kWh | 2792 kWh | £516 | £279 | £795 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,729 |
| 6 kW | 5583 kWh | 2233 kWh | 3350 kWh | £619 | £335 | £954 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,874 |
| 7 kW | 6514 kWh | 2606 kWh | 3908 kWh | £722 | £391 | £1,113 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £8,020 |
| 8 kW | 7444 kWh | 2978 kWh | 4467 kWh | £825 | £447 | £1,272 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,166 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £960, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1861 kWh | 1117 kWh | 744 kWh | £310 | £74 | £384 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,511 |
| 3 kW | 2792 kWh | 1675 kWh | 1117 kWh | £464 | £112 | £576 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,316 |
| 4 kW | 3722 kWh | 2233 kWh | 1489 kWh | £619 | £149 | £768 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,121 |
| 5 kW | 4653 kWh | 2792 kWh | 1861 kWh | £774 | £186 | £960 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,926 |
| 6 kW | 5583 kWh | 3350 kWh | 2233 kWh | £929 | £223 | £1,152 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,732 |
| 7 kW | 6514 kWh | 3908 kWh | 2606 kWh | £1,083 | £261 | £1,344 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,537 |
| 8 kW | 7444 kWh | 4467 kWh | 2978 kWh | £1,238 | £298 | £1,536 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,342 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,042, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1861 kWh | 1303 kWh | 558 kWh | £361 | £56 | £417 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £770 |
| 3 kW | 2792 kWh | 1954 kWh | 837 kWh | £542 | £84 | £625 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,905 |
| 4 kW | 3722 kWh | 2606 kWh | 1117 kWh | £722 | £112 | £834 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £5,040 |
| 5 kW | 4653 kWh | 3257 kWh | 1396 kWh | £903 | £140 | £1,042 | £13,673 | 13.1 yrs | £7,175 |
| 6 kW | 5583 kWh | 3908 kWh | 1675 kWh | £1,083 | £167 | £1,251 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,310 |
| 7 kW | 6514 kWh | 4560 kWh | 1954 kWh | £1,264 | £195 | £1,459 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,445 |
| 8 kW | 7444 kWh | 5211 kWh | 2233 kWh | £1,444 | £223 | £1,668 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,580 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,067, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1861 kWh | 1359 kWh | 502 kWh | £377 | £50 | £427 | £9,319 | 21.8 yrs | £-782 |
| 3 kW | 2792 kWh | 2038 kWh | 754 kWh | £565 | £75 | £640 | £11,354 | 17.7 yrs | £1,452 |
| 4 kW | 3722 kWh | 2717 kWh | 1005 kWh | £753 | £100 | £854 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,686 |
| 5 kW | 4653 kWh | 3396 kWh | 1256 kWh | £942 | £126 | £1,067 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,920 |
| 6 kW | 5583 kWh | 4076 kWh | 1507 kWh | £1,130 | £151 | £1,281 | £17,457 | 13.6 yrs | £8,154 |
| 7 kW | 6514 kWh | 4755 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,318 | £176 | £1,494 | £19,492 | 13.0 yrs | £10,388 |
| 8 kW | 7444 kWh | 5434 kWh | 2010 kWh | £1,506 | £201 | £1,707 | £21,526 | 12.6 yrs | £12,622 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1861 kWh | 1396 kWh | 465 kWh | £387 | £47 | £433 | £11,069 | 25.5 yrs | £-2,400 |
| 3 kW | 2792 kWh | 2094 kWh | 698 kWh | £580 | £70 | £650 | £13,104 | 20.2 yrs | £-100 |
| 4 kW | 3722 kWh | 2792 kWh | 931 kWh | £774 | £93 | £867 | £15,138 | 17.5 yrs | £2,200 |
| 5 kW | 4653 kWh | 3490 kWh | 1163 kWh | £967 | £116 | £1,084 | £17,173 | 15.8 yrs | £4,500 |
| 6 kW | 5583 kWh | 4187 kWh | 1396 kWh | £1,161 | £140 | £1,300 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,800 |
| 7 kW | 6514 kWh | 4885 kWh | 1628 kWh | £1,354 | £163 | £1,517 | £21,242 | 14.0 yrs | £9,100 |
| 8 kW | 7444 kWh | 5583 kWh | 1861 kWh | £1,548 | £186 | £1,734 | £23,276 | 13.4 yrs | £11,400 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,100, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1861 kWh | 1433 kWh | 428 kWh | £397 | £43 | £440 | £13,519 | 30.7 yrs | £-4,718 |
| 3 kW | 2792 kWh | 2150 kWh | 642 kWh | £596 | £64 | £660 | £15,554 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,352 |
| 4 kW | 3722 kWh | 2866 kWh | 856 kWh | £794 | £86 | £880 | £17,588 | 20.0 yrs | £14 |
| 5 kW | 4653 kWh | 3583 kWh | 1070 kWh | £993 | £107 | £1,100 | £19,623 | 17.8 yrs | £2,380 |
| 6 kW | 5583 kWh | 4299 kWh | 1284 kWh | £1,192 | £128 | £1,320 | £21,657 | 16.4 yrs | £4,745 |
| 7 kW | 6514 kWh | 5016 kWh | 1498 kWh | £1,390 | £150 | £1,540 | £23,692 | 15.4 yrs | £7,111 |
| 8 kW | 7444 kWh | 5732 kWh | 1712 kWh | £1,589 | £171 | £1,760 | £25,726 | 14.6 yrs | £9,477 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.