A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 931 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £795, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1862 kWh | 745 kWh | 1117 kWh | £206 | £112 | £318 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,294 |
| 3 kW | 2793 kWh | 1117 kWh | 1676 kWh | £310 | £168 | £477 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,441 |
| 4 kW | 3724 kWh | 1489 kWh | 2234 kWh | £413 | £223 | £636 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,588 |
| 5 kW | 4654 kWh | 1862 kWh | 2793 kWh | £516 | £279 | £795 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,734 |
| 6 kW | 5585 kWh | 2234 kWh | 3351 kWh | £619 | £335 | £954 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,881 |
| 7 kW | 6516 kWh | 2606 kWh | 3910 kWh | £723 | £391 | £1,113 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £8,028 |
| 8 kW | 7447 kWh | 2979 kWh | 4468 kWh | £826 | £447 | £1,273 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,175 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £960, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1862 kWh | 1117 kWh | 745 kWh | £310 | £74 | £384 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,513 |
| 3 kW | 2793 kWh | 1676 kWh | 1117 kWh | £464 | £112 | £576 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,320 |
| 4 kW | 3724 kWh | 2234 kWh | 1489 kWh | £619 | £149 | £768 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,127 |
| 5 kW | 4654 kWh | 2793 kWh | 1862 kWh | £774 | £186 | £960 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,934 |
| 6 kW | 5585 kWh | 3351 kWh | 2234 kWh | £929 | £223 | £1,152 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,740 |
| 7 kW | 6516 kWh | 3910 kWh | 2606 kWh | £1,084 | £261 | £1,344 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,547 |
| 8 kW | 7447 kWh | 4468 kWh | 2979 kWh | £1,239 | £298 | £1,536 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,354 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,043, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1862 kWh | 1303 kWh | 559 kWh | £361 | £56 | £417 | £7,569 | 18.1 yrs | £773 |
| 3 kW | 2793 kWh | 1955 kWh | 838 kWh | £542 | £84 | £626 | £9,604 | 15.3 yrs | £2,910 |
| 4 kW | 3724 kWh | 2606 kWh | 1117 kWh | £723 | £112 | £834 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £5,046 |
| 5 kW | 4654 kWh | 3258 kWh | 1396 kWh | £903 | £140 | £1,043 | £13,673 | 13.1 yrs | £7,183 |
| 6 kW | 5585 kWh | 3910 kWh | 1676 kWh | £1,084 | £168 | £1,251 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,320 |
| 7 kW | 6516 kWh | 4561 kWh | 1955 kWh | £1,264 | £195 | £1,460 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,456 |
| 8 kW | 7447 kWh | 5213 kWh | 2234 kWh | £1,445 | £223 | £1,668 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,593 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,068, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1862 kWh | 1359 kWh | 503 kWh | £377 | £50 | £427 | £9,319 | 21.8 yrs | £-779 |
| 3 kW | 2793 kWh | 2039 kWh | 754 kWh | £565 | £75 | £641 | £11,354 | 17.7 yrs | £1,457 |
| 4 kW | 3724 kWh | 2718 kWh | 1005 kWh | £753 | £101 | £854 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,692 |
| 5 kW | 4654 kWh | 3398 kWh | 1257 kWh | £942 | £126 | £1,068 | £15,423 | 14.4 yrs | £5,928 |
| 6 kW | 5585 kWh | 4077 kWh | 1508 kWh | £1,130 | £151 | £1,281 | £17,457 | 13.6 yrs | £8,164 |
| 7 kW | 6516 kWh | 4757 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,319 | £176 | £1,495 | £19,492 | 13.0 yrs | £10,399 |
| 8 kW | 7447 kWh | 5436 kWh | 2011 kWh | £1,507 | £201 | £1,708 | £21,526 | 12.6 yrs | £12,635 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1862 kWh | 1396 kWh | 465 kWh | £387 | £47 | £434 | £11,069 | 25.5 yrs | £-2,397 |
| 3 kW | 2793 kWh | 2095 kWh | 698 kWh | £581 | £70 | £650 | £13,104 | 20.1 yrs | £-95 |
| 4 kW | 3724 kWh | 2793 kWh | 931 kWh | £774 | £93 | £867 | £15,138 | 17.5 yrs | £2,206 |
| 5 kW | 4654 kWh | 3491 kWh | 1164 kWh | £968 | £116 | £1,084 | £17,173 | 15.8 yrs | £4,508 |
| 6 kW | 5585 kWh | 4189 kWh | 1396 kWh | £1,161 | £140 | £1,301 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,809 |
| 7 kW | 6516 kWh | 4887 kWh | 1629 kWh | £1,355 | £163 | £1,518 | £21,242 | 14.0 yrs | £9,111 |
| 8 kW | 7447 kWh | 5585 kWh | 1862 kWh | £1,548 | £186 | £1,734 | £23,276 | 13.4 yrs | £11,413 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,101, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1862 kWh | 1434 kWh | 428 kWh | £397 | £43 | £440 | £13,519 | 30.7 yrs | £-4,715 |
| 3 kW | 2793 kWh | 2150 kWh | 642 kWh | £596 | £64 | £660 | £15,554 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,347 |
| 4 kW | 3724 kWh | 2867 kWh | 856 kWh | £795 | £86 | £880 | £17,588 | 20.0 yrs | £20 |
| 5 kW | 4654 kWh | 3584 kWh | 1071 kWh | £993 | £107 | £1,101 | £19,623 | 17.8 yrs | £2,388 |
| 6 kW | 5585 kWh | 4301 kWh | 1285 kWh | £1,192 | £128 | £1,321 | £21,657 | 16.4 yrs | £4,755 |
| 7 kW | 6516 kWh | 5017 kWh | 1499 kWh | £1,391 | £150 | £1,541 | £23,692 | 15.4 yrs | £7,123 |
| 8 kW | 7447 kWh | 5734 kWh | 1713 kWh | £1,590 | £171 | £1,761 | £25,726 | 14.6 yrs | £9,490 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.