A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 871 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £733, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1743 kWh | 697 kWh | 1046 kWh | £189 | £105 | £293 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,795 |
| 3 kW | 2614 kWh | 1046 kWh | 1568 kWh | £283 | £157 | £440 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,692 |
| 4 kW | 3485 kWh | 1394 kWh | 2091 kWh | £377 | £209 | £586 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,589 |
| 5 kW | 4357 kWh | 1743 kWh | 2614 kWh | £472 | £261 | £733 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,487 |
| 6 kW | 5228 kWh | 2091 kWh | 3137 kWh | £566 | £314 | £880 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,384 |
| 7 kW | 6099 kWh | 2440 kWh | 3660 kWh | £660 | £366 | £1,026 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,282 |
| 8 kW | 6971 kWh | 2788 kWh | 4182 kWh | £755 | £418 | £1,173 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,179 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £882, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1743 kWh | 1046 kWh | 697 kWh | £283 | £70 | £353 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £884 |
| 3 kW | 2614 kWh | 1568 kWh | 1046 kWh | £424 | £105 | £529 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,376 |
| 4 kW | 3485 kWh | 2091 kWh | 1394 kWh | £566 | £139 | £705 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,868 |
| 5 kW | 4357 kWh | 2614 kWh | 1743 kWh | £707 | £174 | £882 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,360 |
| 6 kW | 5228 kWh | 3137 kWh | 2091 kWh | £849 | £209 | £1,058 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,852 |
| 7 kW | 6099 kWh | 3660 kWh | 2440 kWh | £990 | £244 | £1,234 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,344 |
| 8 kW | 6971 kWh | 4182 kWh | 2788 kWh | £1,132 | £279 | £1,411 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,836 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1743 kWh | 1220 kWh | 523 kWh | £330 | £52 | £382 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £79 |
| 3 kW | 2614 kWh | 1830 kWh | 784 kWh | £495 | £78 | £574 | £9,604 | 16.7 yrs | £1,868 |
| 4 kW | 3485 kWh | 2440 kWh | 1046 kWh | £660 | £105 | £765 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,657 |
| 5 kW | 4357 kWh | 3050 kWh | 1307 kWh | £825 | £131 | £956 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,446 |
| 6 kW | 5228 kWh | 3660 kWh | 1568 kWh | £990 | £157 | £1,147 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,236 |
| 7 kW | 6099 kWh | 4270 kWh | 1830 kWh | £1,155 | £183 | £1,338 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £9,025 |
| 8 kW | 6971 kWh | 4880 kWh | 2091 kWh | £1,320 | £209 | £1,530 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £10,814 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £978, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1743 kWh | 1272 kWh | 471 kWh | £344 | £47 | £391 | £9,319 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,493 |
| 3 kW | 2614 kWh | 1908 kWh | 706 kWh | £516 | £71 | £587 | £11,354 | 19.3 yrs | £385 |
| 4 kW | 3485 kWh | 2544 kWh | 941 kWh | £688 | £94 | £783 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,264 |
| 5 kW | 4357 kWh | 3180 kWh | 1176 kWh | £861 | £118 | £978 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,142 |
| 6 kW | 5228 kWh | 3816 kWh | 1412 kWh | £1,033 | £141 | £1,174 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £6,021 |
| 7 kW | 6099 kWh | 4453 kWh | 1647 kWh | £1,205 | £165 | £1,370 | £19,492 | 14.2 yrs | £7,899 |
| 8 kW | 6971 kWh | 5089 kWh | 1882 kWh | £1,377 | £188 | £1,565 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,778 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £993, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1743 kWh | 1307 kWh | 436 kWh | £354 | £44 | £397 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,124 |
| 3 kW | 2614 kWh | 1961 kWh | 654 kWh | £531 | £65 | £596 | £13,104 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,186 |
| 4 kW | 3485 kWh | 2614 kWh | 871 kWh | £707 | £87 | £794 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £752 |
| 5 kW | 4357 kWh | 3268 kWh | 1089 kWh | £884 | £109 | £993 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,690 |
| 6 kW | 5228 kWh | 3921 kWh | 1307 kWh | £1,061 | £131 | £1,192 | £19,207 | 16.1 yrs | £4,628 |
| 7 kW | 6099 kWh | 4575 kWh | 1525 kWh | £1,238 | £152 | £1,390 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,566 |
| 8 kW | 6971 kWh | 5228 kWh | 1743 kWh | £1,415 | £174 | £1,589 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,503 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,008, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1743 kWh | 1342 kWh | 401 kWh | £363 | £40 | £403 | £13,519 | 33.5 yrs | £-5,455 |
| 3 kW | 2614 kWh | 2013 kWh | 601 kWh | £545 | £60 | £605 | £15,554 | 25.7 yrs | £-3,458 |
| 4 kW | 3485 kWh | 2684 kWh | 802 kWh | £726 | £80 | £806 | £17,588 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,460 |
| 5 kW | 4357 kWh | 3355 kWh | 1002 kWh | £908 | £100 | £1,008 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £537 |
| 6 kW | 5228 kWh | 4026 kWh | 1202 kWh | £1,089 | £120 | £1,210 | £21,657 | 17.9 yrs | £2,534 |
| 7 kW | 6099 kWh | 4697 kWh | 1403 kWh | £1,271 | £140 | £1,411 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,532 |
| 8 kW | 6971 kWh | 5367 kWh | 1603 kWh | £1,452 | £160 | £1,613 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,529 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.