A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 819 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £689, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1639 kWh | 656 kWh | 983 kWh | £177 | £98 | £276 | £4,069 | 14.8 yrs | £1,446 |
| 3 kW | 2458 kWh | 983 kWh | 1475 kWh | £266 | £148 | £414 | £6,104 | 14.8 yrs | £2,169 |
| 4 kW | 3278 kWh | 1311 kWh | 1967 kWh | £355 | £197 | £551 | £8,138 | 14.8 yrs | £2,892 |
| 5 kW | 4097 kWh | 1639 kWh | 2458 kWh | £444 | £246 | £689 | £10,173 | 14.8 yrs | £3,614 |
| 6 kW | 4917 kWh | 1967 kWh | 2950 kWh | £532 | £295 | £827 | £12,207 | 14.8 yrs | £4,337 |
| 7 kW | 5736 kWh | 2295 kWh | 3442 kWh | £621 | £344 | £965 | £14,242 | 14.8 yrs | £5,060 |
| 8 kW | 6556 kWh | 2622 kWh | 3934 kWh | £710 | £393 | £1,103 | £16,276 | 14.8 yrs | £5,783 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £829, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1639 kWh | 983 kWh | 656 kWh | £266 | £66 | £332 | £6,169 | 18.6 yrs | £464 |
| 3 kW | 2458 kWh | 1475 kWh | 983 kWh | £399 | £98 | £497 | £8,204 | 16.5 yrs | £1,746 |
| 4 kW | 3278 kWh | 1967 kWh | 1311 kWh | £532 | £131 | £663 | £10,238 | 15.4 yrs | £3,028 |
| 5 kW | 4097 kWh | 2458 kWh | 1639 kWh | £665 | £164 | £829 | £12,273 | 14.8 yrs | £4,310 |
| 6 kW | 4917 kWh | 2950 kWh | 1967 kWh | £798 | £197 | £995 | £14,307 | 14.4 yrs | £5,593 |
| 7 kW | 5736 kWh | 3442 kWh | 2295 kWh | £931 | £229 | £1,161 | £16,342 | 14.1 yrs | £6,875 |
| 8 kW | 6556 kWh | 3934 kWh | 2622 kWh | £1,064 | £262 | £1,327 | £18,376 | 13.9 yrs | £8,157 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £899, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1639 kWh | 1147 kWh | 492 kWh | £310 | £49 | £360 | £7,569 | 21.0 yrs | £-377 |
| 3 kW | 2458 kWh | 1721 kWh | 738 kWh | £466 | £74 | £539 | £9,604 | 17.8 yrs | £1,185 |
| 4 kW | 3278 kWh | 2295 kWh | 983 kWh | £621 | £98 | £719 | £11,638 | 16.2 yrs | £2,747 |
| 5 kW | 4097 kWh | 2868 kWh | 1229 kWh | £776 | £123 | £899 | £13,673 | 15.2 yrs | £4,308 |
| 6 kW | 4917 kWh | 3442 kWh | 1475 kWh | £931 | £148 | £1,079 | £15,707 | 14.6 yrs | £5,870 |
| 7 kW | 5736 kWh | 4015 kWh | 1721 kWh | £1,087 | £172 | £1,259 | £17,742 | 14.1 yrs | £7,432 |
| 8 kW | 6556 kWh | 4589 kWh | 1967 kWh | £1,242 | £197 | £1,438 | £19,776 | 13.7 yrs | £8,994 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £920, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1639 kWh | 1196 kWh | 443 kWh | £324 | £44 | £368 | £9,319 | 25.3 yrs | £-1,959 |
| 3 kW | 2458 kWh | 1795 kWh | 664 kWh | £486 | £66 | £552 | £11,354 | 20.6 yrs | £-313 |
| 4 kW | 3278 kWh | 2393 kWh | 885 kWh | £648 | £89 | £736 | £13,388 | 18.2 yrs | £1,332 |
| 5 kW | 4097 kWh | 2991 kWh | 1106 kWh | £809 | £111 | £920 | £15,423 | 16.8 yrs | £2,978 |
| 6 kW | 4917 kWh | 3589 kWh | 1328 kWh | £971 | £133 | £1,104 | £17,457 | 15.8 yrs | £4,623 |
| 7 kW | 5736 kWh | 4188 kWh | 1549 kWh | £1,133 | £155 | £1,288 | £19,492 | 15.1 yrs | £6,269 |
| 8 kW | 6556 kWh | 4786 kWh | 1770 kWh | £1,295 | £177 | £1,472 | £21,526 | 14.6 yrs | £7,915 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £934, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1639 kWh | 1229 kWh | 410 kWh | £333 | £41 | £374 | £11,069 | 29.6 yrs | £-3,597 |
| 3 kW | 2458 kWh | 1844 kWh | 615 kWh | £499 | £61 | £560 | £13,104 | 23.4 yrs | £-1,896 |
| 4 kW | 3278 kWh | 2458 kWh | 819 kWh | £665 | £82 | £747 | £15,138 | 20.3 yrs | £-194 |
| 5 kW | 4097 kWh | 3073 kWh | 1024 kWh | £832 | £102 | £934 | £17,173 | 18.4 yrs | £1,507 |
| 6 kW | 4917 kWh | 3688 kWh | 1229 kWh | £998 | £123 | £1,121 | £19,207 | 17.1 yrs | £3,209 |
| 7 kW | 5736 kWh | 4302 kWh | 1434 kWh | £1,164 | £143 | £1,308 | £21,242 | 16.2 yrs | £4,910 |
| 8 kW | 6556 kWh | 4917 kWh | 1639 kWh | £1,331 | £164 | £1,494 | £23,276 | 15.6 yrs | £6,612 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £948, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1639 kWh | 1262 kWh | 377 kWh | £341 | £38 | £379 | £13,519 | 35.7 yrs | £-5,935 |
| 3 kW | 2458 kWh | 1893 kWh | 565 kWh | £512 | £57 | £569 | £15,554 | 27.3 yrs | £-4,178 |
| 4 kW | 3278 kWh | 2524 kWh | 754 kWh | £683 | £75 | £758 | £17,588 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,420 |
| 5 kW | 4097 kWh | 3155 kWh | 942 kWh | £854 | £94 | £948 | £19,623 | 20.7 yrs | £-663 |
| 6 kW | 4917 kWh | 3786 kWh | 1131 kWh | £1,024 | £113 | £1,138 | £21,657 | 19.0 yrs | £1,095 |
| 7 kW | 5736 kWh | 4417 kWh | 1319 kWh | £1,195 | £132 | £1,327 | £23,692 | 17.9 yrs | £2,852 |
| 8 kW | 6556 kWh | 5048 kWh | 1508 kWh | £1,366 | £151 | £1,517 | £25,726 | 17.0 yrs | £4,609 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.