A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 806 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £678, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1611 kWh | 645 kWh | 967 kWh | £174 | £97 | £271 | £4,069 | 15.0 yrs | £1,353 |
| 3 kW | 2417 kWh | 967 kWh | 1450 kWh | £262 | £145 | £407 | £6,104 | 15.0 yrs | £2,029 |
| 4 kW | 3223 kWh | 1289 kWh | 1934 kWh | £349 | £193 | £542 | £8,138 | 15.0 yrs | £2,706 |
| 5 kW | 4028 kWh | 1611 kWh | 2417 kWh | £436 | £242 | £678 | £10,173 | 15.0 yrs | £3,382 |
| 6 kW | 4834 kWh | 1934 kWh | 2900 kWh | £523 | £290 | £813 | £12,207 | 15.0 yrs | £4,059 |
| 7 kW | 5640 kWh | 2256 kWh | 3384 kWh | £610 | £338 | £949 | £14,242 | 15.0 yrs | £4,735 |
| 8 kW | 6445 kWh | 2578 kWh | 3867 kWh | £698 | £387 | £1,084 | £16,276 | 15.0 yrs | £5,412 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £815, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1611 kWh | 967 kWh | 645 kWh | £262 | £64 | £326 | £6,169 | 18.9 yrs | £352 |
| 3 kW | 2417 kWh | 1450 kWh | 967 kWh | £392 | £97 | £489 | £8,204 | 16.8 yrs | £1,579 |
| 4 kW | 3223 kWh | 1934 kWh | 1289 kWh | £523 | £129 | £652 | £10,238 | 15.7 yrs | £2,805 |
| 5 kW | 4028 kWh | 2417 kWh | 1611 kWh | £654 | £161 | £815 | £12,273 | 15.1 yrs | £4,031 |
| 6 kW | 4834 kWh | 2900 kWh | 1934 kWh | £785 | £193 | £978 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,257 |
| 7 kW | 5640 kWh | 3384 kWh | 2256 kWh | £916 | £226 | £1,141 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,484 |
| 8 kW | 6445 kWh | 3867 kWh | 2578 kWh | £1,046 | £258 | £1,304 | £18,376 | 14.1 yrs | £7,710 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £884, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1611 kWh | 1128 kWh | 483 kWh | £305 | £48 | £354 | £7,569 | 21.4 yrs | £-498 |
| 3 kW | 2417 kWh | 1692 kWh | 725 kWh | £458 | £73 | £530 | £9,604 | 18.1 yrs | £1,003 |
| 4 kW | 3223 kWh | 2256 kWh | 967 kWh | £610 | £97 | £707 | £11,638 | 16.5 yrs | £2,505 |
| 5 kW | 4028 kWh | 2820 kWh | 1209 kWh | £763 | £121 | £884 | £13,673 | 15.5 yrs | £4,006 |
| 6 kW | 4834 kWh | 3384 kWh | 1450 kWh | £916 | £145 | £1,061 | £15,707 | 14.8 yrs | £5,507 |
| 7 kW | 5640 kWh | 3948 kWh | 1692 kWh | £1,068 | £169 | £1,237 | £17,742 | 14.3 yrs | £7,008 |
| 8 kW | 6445 kWh | 4512 kWh | 1934 kWh | £1,221 | £193 | £1,414 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,509 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £905, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1611 kWh | 1176 kWh | 435 kWh | £318 | £44 | £362 | £9,319 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,083 |
| 3 kW | 2417 kWh | 1764 kWh | 653 kWh | £477 | £65 | £543 | £11,354 | 20.9 yrs | £-499 |
| 4 kW | 3223 kWh | 2353 kWh | 870 kWh | £637 | £87 | £724 | £13,388 | 18.5 yrs | £1,084 |
| 5 kW | 4028 kWh | 2941 kWh | 1088 kWh | £796 | £109 | £905 | £15,423 | 17.1 yrs | £2,668 |
| 6 kW | 4834 kWh | 3529 kWh | 1305 kWh | £955 | £131 | £1,085 | £17,457 | 16.1 yrs | £4,252 |
| 7 kW | 5640 kWh | 4117 kWh | 1523 kWh | £1,114 | £152 | £1,266 | £19,492 | 15.4 yrs | £5,835 |
| 8 kW | 6445 kWh | 4705 kWh | 1740 kWh | £1,273 | £174 | £1,447 | £21,526 | 14.9 yrs | £7,419 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £918, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1611 kWh | 1209 kWh | 403 kWh | £327 | £40 | £367 | £11,069 | 30.1 yrs | £-3,723 |
| 3 kW | 2417 kWh | 1813 kWh | 604 kWh | £491 | £60 | £551 | £13,104 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,084 |
| 4 kW | 3223 kWh | 2417 kWh | 806 kWh | £654 | £81 | £735 | £15,138 | 20.6 yrs | £-446 |
| 5 kW | 4028 kWh | 3021 kWh | 1007 kWh | £818 | £101 | £918 | £17,173 | 18.7 yrs | £1,193 |
| 6 kW | 4834 kWh | 3626 kWh | 1209 kWh | £981 | £121 | £1,102 | £19,207 | 17.4 yrs | £2,832 |
| 7 kW | 5640 kWh | 4230 kWh | 1410 kWh | £1,145 | £141 | £1,286 | £21,242 | 16.5 yrs | £4,470 |
| 8 kW | 6445 kWh | 4834 kWh | 1611 kWh | £1,308 | £161 | £1,469 | £23,276 | 15.8 yrs | £6,109 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £932, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1611 kWh | 1241 kWh | 371 kWh | £336 | £37 | £373 | £13,519 | 36.3 yrs | £-6,063 |
| 3 kW | 2417 kWh | 1861 kWh | 556 kWh | £504 | £56 | £559 | £15,554 | 27.8 yrs | £-4,369 |
| 4 kW | 3223 kWh | 2481 kWh | 741 kWh | £671 | £74 | £746 | £17,588 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,676 |
| 5 kW | 4028 kWh | 3102 kWh | 927 kWh | £839 | £93 | £932 | £19,623 | 21.1 yrs | £-982 |
| 6 kW | 4834 kWh | 3722 kWh | 1112 kWh | £1,007 | £111 | £1,118 | £21,657 | 19.4 yrs | £711 |
| 7 kW | 5640 kWh | 4343 kWh | 1297 kWh | £1,175 | £130 | £1,305 | £23,692 | 18.2 yrs | £2,405 |
| 8 kW | 6445 kWh | 4963 kWh | 1482 kWh | £1,343 | £148 | £1,491 | £25,726 | 17.3 yrs | £4,099 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.