A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 815 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £686, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 652 kWh | 978 kWh | £176 | £98 | £274 | £4,069 | 14.8 yrs | £1,417 |
| 3 kW | 2446 kWh | 978 kWh | 1467 kWh | £265 | £147 | £411 | £6,104 | 14.8 yrs | £2,125 |
| 4 kW | 3261 kWh | 1304 kWh | 1956 kWh | £353 | £196 | £549 | £8,138 | 14.8 yrs | £2,834 |
| 5 kW | 4076 kWh | 1630 kWh | 2446 kWh | £441 | £245 | £686 | £10,173 | 14.8 yrs | £3,542 |
| 6 kW | 4891 kWh | 1956 kWh | 2935 kWh | £529 | £293 | £823 | £12,207 | 14.8 yrs | £4,251 |
| 7 kW | 5706 kWh | 2283 kWh | 3424 kWh | £618 | £342 | £960 | £14,242 | 14.8 yrs | £4,959 |
| 8 kW | 6522 kWh | 2609 kWh | 3913 kWh | £706 | £391 | £1,097 | £16,276 | 14.8 yrs | £5,668 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £825, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 978 kWh | 652 kWh | £265 | £65 | £330 | £6,169 | 18.7 yrs | £430 |
| 3 kW | 2446 kWh | 1467 kWh | 978 kWh | £397 | £98 | £495 | £8,204 | 16.6 yrs | £1,694 |
| 4 kW | 3261 kWh | 1956 kWh | 1304 kWh | £529 | £130 | £660 | £10,238 | 15.5 yrs | £2,959 |
| 5 kW | 4076 kWh | 2446 kWh | 1630 kWh | £662 | £163 | £825 | £12,273 | 14.9 yrs | £4,224 |
| 6 kW | 4891 kWh | 2935 kWh | 1956 kWh | £794 | £196 | £990 | £14,307 | 14.5 yrs | £5,489 |
| 7 kW | 5706 kWh | 3424 kWh | 2283 kWh | £926 | £228 | £1,155 | £16,342 | 14.2 yrs | £6,753 |
| 8 kW | 6522 kWh | 3913 kWh | 2609 kWh | £1,059 | £261 | £1,320 | £18,376 | 13.9 yrs | £8,018 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £894, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1141 kWh | 489 kWh | £309 | £49 | £358 | £7,569 | 21.2 yrs | £-414 |
| 3 kW | 2446 kWh | 1712 kWh | 734 kWh | £463 | £73 | £537 | £9,604 | 17.9 yrs | £1,129 |
| 4 kW | 3261 kWh | 2283 kWh | 978 kWh | £618 | £98 | £715 | £11,638 | 16.3 yrs | £2,672 |
| 5 kW | 4076 kWh | 2853 kWh | 1223 kWh | £772 | £122 | £894 | £13,673 | 15.3 yrs | £4,215 |
| 6 kW | 4891 kWh | 3424 kWh | 1467 kWh | £926 | £147 | £1,073 | £15,707 | 14.6 yrs | £5,757 |
| 7 kW | 5706 kWh | 3994 kWh | 1712 kWh | £1,081 | £171 | £1,252 | £17,742 | 14.2 yrs | £7,300 |
| 8 kW | 6522 kWh | 4565 kWh | 1956 kWh | £1,235 | £196 | £1,431 | £19,776 | 13.8 yrs | £8,843 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £915, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1190 kWh | 440 kWh | £322 | £44 | £366 | £9,319 | 25.5 yrs | £-1,997 |
| 3 kW | 2446 kWh | 1785 kWh | 660 kWh | £483 | £66 | £549 | £11,354 | 20.7 yrs | £-371 |
| 4 kW | 3261 kWh | 2380 kWh | 880 kWh | £644 | £88 | £732 | £13,388 | 18.3 yrs | £1,255 |
| 5 kW | 4076 kWh | 2975 kWh | 1101 kWh | £805 | £110 | £915 | £15,423 | 16.9 yrs | £2,882 |
| 6 kW | 4891 kWh | 3571 kWh | 1321 kWh | £966 | £132 | £1,098 | £17,457 | 15.9 yrs | £4,508 |
| 7 kW | 5706 kWh | 4166 kWh | 1541 kWh | £1,127 | £154 | £1,281 | £19,492 | 15.2 yrs | £6,135 |
| 8 kW | 6522 kWh | 4761 kWh | 1761 kWh | £1,288 | £176 | £1,464 | £21,526 | 14.7 yrs | £7,761 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1223 kWh | 408 kWh | £331 | £41 | £372 | £11,069 | 29.8 yrs | £-3,636 |
| 3 kW | 2446 kWh | 1834 kWh | 611 kWh | £496 | £61 | £557 | £13,104 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,954 |
| 4 kW | 3261 kWh | 2446 kWh | 815 kWh | £662 | £82 | £743 | £15,138 | 20.4 yrs | £-272 |
| 5 kW | 4076 kWh | 3057 kWh | 1019 kWh | £827 | £102 | £929 | £17,173 | 18.5 yrs | £1,410 |
| 6 kW | 4891 kWh | 3668 kWh | 1223 kWh | £993 | £122 | £1,115 | £19,207 | 17.2 yrs | £3,092 |
| 7 kW | 5706 kWh | 4280 kWh | 1427 kWh | £1,158 | £143 | £1,301 | £21,242 | 16.3 yrs | £4,774 |
| 8 kW | 6522 kWh | 4891 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,324 | £163 | £1,487 | £23,276 | 15.7 yrs | £6,456 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £943, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1255 kWh | 375 kWh | £340 | £37 | £377 | £13,519 | 35.8 yrs | £-5,975 |
| 3 kW | 2446 kWh | 1883 kWh | 562 kWh | £510 | £56 | £566 | £15,554 | 27.5 yrs | £-4,237 |
| 4 kW | 3261 kWh | 2511 kWh | 750 kWh | £679 | £75 | £754 | £17,588 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,500 |
| 5 kW | 4076 kWh | 3139 kWh | 937 kWh | £849 | £94 | £943 | £19,623 | 20.8 yrs | £-762 |
| 6 kW | 4891 kWh | 3766 kWh | 1125 kWh | £1,019 | £112 | £1,132 | £21,657 | 19.1 yrs | £976 |
| 7 kW | 5706 kWh | 4394 kWh | 1312 kWh | £1,189 | £131 | £1,320 | £23,692 | 17.9 yrs | £2,713 |
| 8 kW | 6522 kWh | 5022 kWh | 1500 kWh | £1,359 | £150 | £1,509 | £25,726 | 17.1 yrs | £4,451 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.