A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 847 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £692, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1694 kWh | 678 kWh | 1016 kWh | £175 | £102 | £277 | £4,069 | 14.7 yrs | £1,465 |
| 3 kW | 2541 kWh | 1016 kWh | 1525 kWh | £263 | £152 | £415 | £6,104 | 14.7 yrs | £2,198 |
| 4 kW | 3388 kWh | 1355 kWh | 2033 kWh | £350 | £203 | £553 | £8,138 | 14.7 yrs | £2,931 |
| 5 kW | 4235 kWh | 1694 kWh | 2541 kWh | £438 | £254 | £692 | £10,173 | 14.7 yrs | £3,664 |
| 6 kW | 5082 kWh | 2033 kWh | 3049 kWh | £525 | £305 | £830 | £12,207 | 14.7 yrs | £4,396 |
| 7 kW | 5929 kWh | 2372 kWh | 3557 kWh | £613 | £356 | £969 | £14,242 | 14.7 yrs | £5,129 |
| 8 kW | 6776 kWh | 2710 kWh | 4066 kWh | £700 | £407 | £1,107 | £16,276 | 14.7 yrs | £5,862 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £826, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1694 kWh | 1016 kWh | 678 kWh | £263 | £68 | £330 | £6,169 | 18.7 yrs | £439 |
| 3 kW | 2541 kWh | 1525 kWh | 1016 kWh | £394 | £102 | £496 | £8,204 | 16.6 yrs | £1,708 |
| 4 kW | 3388 kWh | 2033 kWh | 1355 kWh | £525 | £136 | £661 | £10,238 | 15.5 yrs | £2,978 |
| 5 kW | 4235 kWh | 2541 kWh | 1694 kWh | £657 | £169 | £826 | £12,273 | 14.9 yrs | £4,247 |
| 6 kW | 5082 kWh | 3049 kWh | 2033 kWh | £788 | £203 | £991 | £14,307 | 14.4 yrs | £5,516 |
| 7 kW | 5929 kWh | 3557 kWh | 2372 kWh | £919 | £237 | £1,156 | £16,342 | 14.1 yrs | £6,786 |
| 8 kW | 6776 kWh | 4066 kWh | 2710 kWh | £1,051 | £271 | £1,322 | £18,376 | 13.9 yrs | £8,055 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £893, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1694 kWh | 1186 kWh | 508 kWh | £306 | £51 | £357 | £7,569 | 21.2 yrs | £-425 |
| 3 kW | 2541 kWh | 1779 kWh | 762 kWh | £460 | £76 | £536 | £9,604 | 17.9 yrs | £1,113 |
| 4 kW | 3388 kWh | 2372 kWh | 1016 kWh | £613 | £102 | £714 | £11,638 | 16.3 yrs | £2,651 |
| 5 kW | 4235 kWh | 2964 kWh | 1270 kWh | £766 | £127 | £893 | £13,673 | 15.3 yrs | £4,189 |
| 6 kW | 5082 kWh | 3557 kWh | 1525 kWh | £919 | £152 | £1,072 | £15,707 | 14.7 yrs | £5,726 |
| 7 kW | 5929 kWh | 4150 kWh | 1779 kWh | £1,072 | £178 | £1,250 | £17,742 | 14.2 yrs | £7,264 |
| 8 kW | 6776 kWh | 4743 kWh | 2033 kWh | £1,226 | £203 | £1,429 | £19,776 | 13.8 yrs | £8,802 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £913, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1694 kWh | 1237 kWh | 457 kWh | £320 | £46 | £365 | £9,319 | 25.5 yrs | £-2,014 |
| 3 kW | 2541 kWh | 1855 kWh | 686 kWh | £479 | £69 | £548 | £11,354 | 20.7 yrs | £-395 |
| 4 kW | 3388 kWh | 2473 kWh | 915 kWh | £639 | £91 | £731 | £13,388 | 18.3 yrs | £1,223 |
| 5 kW | 4235 kWh | 3091 kWh | 1143 kWh | £799 | £114 | £913 | £15,423 | 16.9 yrs | £2,841 |
| 6 kW | 5082 kWh | 3710 kWh | 1372 kWh | £959 | £137 | £1,096 | £17,457 | 15.9 yrs | £4,459 |
| 7 kW | 5929 kWh | 4328 kWh | 1601 kWh | £1,118 | £160 | £1,278 | £19,492 | 15.2 yrs | £6,077 |
| 8 kW | 6776 kWh | 4946 kWh | 1829 kWh | £1,278 | £183 | £1,461 | £21,526 | 14.7 yrs | £7,696 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £927, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1694 kWh | 1270 kWh | 423 kWh | £328 | £42 | £371 | £11,069 | 29.9 yrs | £-3,656 |
| 3 kW | 2541 kWh | 1906 kWh | 635 kWh | £492 | £64 | £556 | £13,104 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,984 |
| 4 kW | 3388 kWh | 2541 kWh | 847 kWh | £657 | £85 | £741 | £15,138 | 20.4 yrs | £-313 |
| 5 kW | 4235 kWh | 3176 kWh | 1059 kWh | £821 | £106 | £927 | £17,173 | 18.5 yrs | £1,359 |
| 6 kW | 5082 kWh | 3811 kWh | 1270 kWh | £985 | £127 | £1,112 | £19,207 | 17.3 yrs | £3,031 |
| 7 kW | 5929 kWh | 4447 kWh | 1482 kWh | £1,149 | £148 | £1,297 | £21,242 | 16.4 yrs | £4,703 |
| 8 kW | 6776 kWh | 5082 kWh | 1694 kWh | £1,313 | £169 | £1,483 | £23,276 | 15.7 yrs | £6,375 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1694 kWh | 1304 kWh | 390 kWh | £337 | £39 | £376 | £13,519 | 36.0 yrs | £-5,999 |
| 3 kW | 2541 kWh | 1957 kWh | 584 kWh | £506 | £58 | £564 | £15,554 | 27.6 yrs | £-4,273 |
| 4 kW | 3388 kWh | 2609 kWh | 779 kWh | £674 | £78 | £752 | £17,588 | 23.4 yrs | £-2,548 |
| 5 kW | 4235 kWh | 3261 kWh | 974 kWh | £843 | £97 | £940 | £19,623 | 20.9 yrs | £-822 |
| 6 kW | 5082 kWh | 3913 kWh | 1169 kWh | £1,011 | £117 | £1,128 | £21,657 | 19.2 yrs | £903 |
| 7 kW | 5929 kWh | 4565 kWh | 1364 kWh | £1,180 | £136 | £1,316 | £23,692 | 18.0 yrs | £2,629 |
| 8 kW | 6776 kWh | 5217 kWh | 1558 kWh | £1,348 | £156 | £1,504 | £25,726 | 17.1 yrs | £4,354 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.